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... and synchronization is subtle and typically confined to restricted neural populations (238, 630). As a matter of fact, awake behaving states were traditionally characterized by “desynchronized EEG” in contrast to large-amplitude slow oscillations observed in quiet (non-rapid eye movement, non-REM) s ...
... and synchronization is subtle and typically confined to restricted neural populations (238, 630). As a matter of fact, awake behaving states were traditionally characterized by “desynchronized EEG” in contrast to large-amplitude slow oscillations observed in quiet (non-rapid eye movement, non-REM) s ...
The habenular nuclei - Philosophical Transactions of the Royal
... the midbrain/hindbrain. In this review, we will focus on the anatomy and connectivity of the habenulae and the interpeduncular nucleus (IPN). The latter is a major target of habenular efferent connectivity in all vertebrates and consequently plays a pivotal role in the modulation of nuclei downstrea ...
... the midbrain/hindbrain. In this review, we will focus on the anatomy and connectivity of the habenulae and the interpeduncular nucleus (IPN). The latter is a major target of habenular efferent connectivity in all vertebrates and consequently plays a pivotal role in the modulation of nuclei downstrea ...
Selective Loss of Catecholaminergic Wake–Active Neurons in a
... cytoplasmic-only cleaved caspase-3 was determined separately. Each parameter was compared using two-way ANOVA with independent variables of intermittent hypoxia condition and cell region, as above. Neuronal counting. In light of the impaired c-fos response at 8 weeks exposure, a second group of age- ...
... cytoplasmic-only cleaved caspase-3 was determined separately. Each parameter was compared using two-way ANOVA with independent variables of intermittent hypoxia condition and cell region, as above. Neuronal counting. In light of the impaired c-fos response at 8 weeks exposure, a second group of age- ...
Neurophysiological and Computational Principles of Cortical
... and synchronization is subtle and typically confined to restricted neural populations (238, 630). As a matter of fact, awake behaving states were traditionally characterized by “desynchronized EEG” in contrast to large-amplitude slow oscillations observed in quiet (non-rapid eye movement, non-REM) s ...
... and synchronization is subtle and typically confined to restricted neural populations (238, 630). As a matter of fact, awake behaving states were traditionally characterized by “desynchronized EEG” in contrast to large-amplitude slow oscillations observed in quiet (non-rapid eye movement, non-REM) s ...
PPT
... – Neurons contributing to the LFP signals have more diverse response properties the ones contributing to either SUA or MUA – Ex) LFP is a poor predictor of the behavior of single neurons LFP correlates better w/ the average signal of the neuronal population ...
... – Neurons contributing to the LFP signals have more diverse response properties the ones contributing to either SUA or MUA – Ex) LFP is a poor predictor of the behavior of single neurons LFP correlates better w/ the average signal of the neuronal population ...
Adult Neuro 2015 - poster list
... Not all adult neural stem cells are created equal: Transcriptional profiling reveals distinct regulatory mechanisms underlying the two niche stem cell populations ...
... Not all adult neural stem cells are created equal: Transcriptional profiling reveals distinct regulatory mechanisms underlying the two niche stem cell populations ...
Pierre Berthet Computational Modeling of the Basal Ganglia – Functional Pathways
... best way to configure the abstract BG model to handle well all the learning paradigms tested. This indicates that an agent could dynamically configure its action selection mode, mainly by including or not the reward prediction values in the selection process. With the spiking model it was possible t ...
... best way to configure the abstract BG model to handle well all the learning paradigms tested. This indicates that an agent could dynamically configure its action selection mode, mainly by including or not the reward prediction values in the selection process. With the spiking model it was possible t ...
Morphometric analysis of neural tissue following the
... Four key messages emerged from this thesis. First, our nerve cuffs were found to be associated with small but statistically significant decreases in axon diameter, fiber diameter, and myelin thickness. Second, cuffed axons located near the perimeter of the nerve experienced somewhat larger differcnc ...
... Four key messages emerged from this thesis. First, our nerve cuffs were found to be associated with small but statistically significant decreases in axon diameter, fiber diameter, and myelin thickness. Second, cuffed axons located near the perimeter of the nerve experienced somewhat larger differcnc ...
Volumetric Two-photon Imaging of Neurons Using
... current resonant scanner-based TPM (N « 30 Hz), this implies that only a relatively low number of planes (m=3,4) can be used for multi-plane volumetric imaging. Elongating the PSF of the focused excitation beam along the optical axis, using either a low-NA Gaussian beam focus or Bessel beam methods ...
... current resonant scanner-based TPM (N « 30 Hz), this implies that only a relatively low number of planes (m=3,4) can be used for multi-plane volumetric imaging. Elongating the PSF of the focused excitation beam along the optical axis, using either a low-NA Gaussian beam focus or Bessel beam methods ...
the vagus nerve - European Medical Journal
... in mind that each trunk receives fibres from both cervical vagus nerves.5 The number of posterior and anterior trunks passing through the diaphragmatic opening is variable, up to two in the former and three in the latter.5 The anterior trunk distributes gastric branches to the anterior aspect of the ...
... in mind that each trunk receives fibres from both cervical vagus nerves.5 The number of posterior and anterior trunks passing through the diaphragmatic opening is variable, up to two in the former and three in the latter.5 The anterior trunk distributes gastric branches to the anterior aspect of the ...
The power of the mind: the cortex as a critical determinant of muscle
... Despite the tonic activity of cortico-motoneuronal cells being shown to increase linearly with static force generation in primates more than 3 decades ago (Ashe 1997; Cheney and Fetz 1980), the role of the primary motor cortex (M1) and other high-order cortical regions, and in many instances the ent ...
... Despite the tonic activity of cortico-motoneuronal cells being shown to increase linearly with static force generation in primates more than 3 decades ago (Ashe 1997; Cheney and Fetz 1980), the role of the primary motor cortex (M1) and other high-order cortical regions, and in many instances the ent ...
Expression of the Emx-1 and Dlx-1 homeobox genes define three
... Gonzalez, 1994; Northcutt and Kaas, 1995) and the ADVR has been considered as related to various mammalian non-cortical structures: claustrum (Filimonoff, 1964; MacLean, 1990), lateral amygdala (Bruce and Neary, 1995) and endopiriform nucleus (Striedter, 1997). It is now well established that the st ...
... Gonzalez, 1994; Northcutt and Kaas, 1995) and the ADVR has been considered as related to various mammalian non-cortical structures: claustrum (Filimonoff, 1964; MacLean, 1990), lateral amygdala (Bruce and Neary, 1995) and endopiriform nucleus (Striedter, 1997). It is now well established that the st ...
Optimal Recall from Bounded Metaplastic Synapses: Predicting
... from more realistic synapses that suffer from a bounded dynamical range. Second, at the level of retrieval, there are also several aspects of hippocampal circuit dynamics of which we lack a theoretical account. For example, experimental work has long shown that synaptic plasticity is accompanied by ...
... from more realistic synapses that suffer from a bounded dynamical range. Second, at the level of retrieval, there are also several aspects of hippocampal circuit dynamics of which we lack a theoretical account. For example, experimental work has long shown that synaptic plasticity is accompanied by ...
File - Dr. Jerry Cronin
... – Blood vessels link two capillary networks – Entire complex is portal system • Ensures that regulatory factors reach intended target cells before entering general circulation ...
... – Blood vessels link two capillary networks – Entire complex is portal system • Ensures that regulatory factors reach intended target cells before entering general circulation ...
Central Nervous System
... Myelin is formed by Schwann cells and is found on the axons in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The outer cell membrane of a Schwann cell is called the neurilemma. This plays a critical role in regeneration of cut and injured axons. Axons in the brain and SC do not have neurilemma, so the po ...
... Myelin is formed by Schwann cells and is found on the axons in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). The outer cell membrane of a Schwann cell is called the neurilemma. This plays a critical role in regeneration of cut and injured axons. Axons in the brain and SC do not have neurilemma, so the po ...
Betz et al
... While products of nerve degeneration apparently provide a sufficient stimulus for sprouting, they are not necessary; sprouting can occur in the absence of degenerating nerves. Thus, motor terminals sprout if muscles are completely paralysed by blocking neuromuscular transmission with botulinum toxin ...
... While products of nerve degeneration apparently provide a sufficient stimulus for sprouting, they are not necessary; sprouting can occur in the absence of degenerating nerves. Thus, motor terminals sprout if muscles are completely paralysed by blocking neuromuscular transmission with botulinum toxin ...
Plasticity of Sensory and Motor Maps in Adult Mammals
... and long-standing question is, "What stages are capable of reorganization?" Early evidence for plasticity was obtained at the level of sensory inputs to the spinal cord (e.g. Liu & Chambers1958, Devor Wall 1978), and at least some of the changes described in primary somatosensorycortex could simply ...
... and long-standing question is, "What stages are capable of reorganization?" Early evidence for plasticity was obtained at the level of sensory inputs to the spinal cord (e.g. Liu & Chambers1958, Devor Wall 1978), and at least some of the changes described in primary somatosensorycortex could simply ...
Effect of PACAP in Central and Peripheral Nerve Injuries
... affinity for both PACAP forms and a low affinity for VIP, whereas VPAC1 and VPAC2 receptors bind both VIP and PACAP with high affinity. These receptors are members of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) family [3]. PACAP is a bioactive peptide with diverse activities in the nervous system. In additio ...
... affinity for both PACAP forms and a low affinity for VIP, whereas VPAC1 and VPAC2 receptors bind both VIP and PACAP with high affinity. These receptors are members of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) family [3]. PACAP is a bioactive peptide with diverse activities in the nervous system. In additio ...
Control of breathing by interacting pontine and
... Shevtsova, and Rybak and ported to the high-performance computer cluster systems running OpenMPI by Dr. Molkov. This simulation environment has been specifically developed and used for multiscale modeling and computational analysis of crosslevel integration of: (a) the intrinsic biophysical properti ...
... Shevtsova, and Rybak and ported to the high-performance computer cluster systems running OpenMPI by Dr. Molkov. This simulation environment has been specifically developed and used for multiscale modeling and computational analysis of crosslevel integration of: (a) the intrinsic biophysical properti ...
Plasticity during stroke recovery: from synapse to behaviour
... cortex that process hindlimb signals despite infarction to primary forelimb sensory areas40. It is therefore possible that diffuse off-target signalling could be strengthened over the days, weeks and months over which recovery from stroke damage occurs17,41,42. Although spared diffuse connections pr ...
... cortex that process hindlimb signals despite infarction to primary forelimb sensory areas40. It is therefore possible that diffuse off-target signalling could be strengthened over the days, weeks and months over which recovery from stroke damage occurs17,41,42. Although spared diffuse connections pr ...
computational modeling of observational learning - FORTH-ICS
... experiences, i.e. the rules and knowledge that we have accumulated throughout our interactions with others and the environment, are used as a substrate in order to understand and perceive an observed action (Decety and Ingvar, 1990). This striking property of our perceptual system is also respons ...
... experiences, i.e. the rules and knowledge that we have accumulated throughout our interactions with others and the environment, are used as a substrate in order to understand and perceive an observed action (Decety and Ingvar, 1990). This striking property of our perceptual system is also respons ...
Prefrontal and parietal cortex mediate the interference
... same duration. To address this possibility, we next examined whether adaptation occurred in response to repetition of the same shape during the shape task that shared processes of same-ordifferent decisions with the time task. The results showed that neither the right IPL nor the PTC was sensitive t ...
... same duration. To address this possibility, we next examined whether adaptation occurred in response to repetition of the same shape during the shape task that shared processes of same-ordifferent decisions with the time task. The results showed that neither the right IPL nor the PTC was sensitive t ...
On the Biological Plausibility of Grandmother Cells
... preference), with adjacent hypercolumns coding for adjacent retinal locations. In this way, V1 codes for a range of line orientations in a range of retinal locations. Most important for present purposes, Hubel and Wiesel (1968) also found that information is coded in a hierarchical fashion, with com ...
... preference), with adjacent hypercolumns coding for adjacent retinal locations. In this way, V1 codes for a range of line orientations in a range of retinal locations. Most important for present purposes, Hubel and Wiesel (1968) also found that information is coded in a hierarchical fashion, with com ...
UNC-119 suppresses axon branching
... epileptic seizures in experimental animals results in overproduction of axon collateral sprouts (reviewed by McNamara, 1999). While a variety of molecules stimulate branching during regeneration (Ernfors et al., 1991; Bendotti et al., 1993; Aguayo et al., 1996; Caroni, 1998), the molecular mechanism ...
... epileptic seizures in experimental animals results in overproduction of axon collateral sprouts (reviewed by McNamara, 1999). While a variety of molecules stimulate branching during regeneration (Ernfors et al., 1991; Bendotti et al., 1993; Aguayo et al., 1996; Caroni, 1998), the molecular mechanism ...