Synthesis and Characterization of Coordination Compounds
... reaction of a Lewis acid (an electron pair acceptor, usually a transition metal) with a Lewis base (an electron pair donor), which is known as a ligand. What is unique about coordination compounds is that they are formed from chemical species that have an independent existence and that this associat ...
... reaction of a Lewis acid (an electron pair acceptor, usually a transition metal) with a Lewis base (an electron pair donor), which is known as a ligand. What is unique about coordination compounds is that they are formed from chemical species that have an independent existence and that this associat ...
Dr. Spencer`s PPT
... Increasing concentration of acid (H+) decreases concentration of base (OH-). Increasing concentration of base (OH-) decreases the concentration of acid (H+) Strong and Weak Acids and Bases - Strong indicates complete dissociation (strong electrolyte) and weak refers to only partial dissociation ...
... Increasing concentration of acid (H+) decreases concentration of base (OH-). Increasing concentration of base (OH-) decreases the concentration of acid (H+) Strong and Weak Acids and Bases - Strong indicates complete dissociation (strong electrolyte) and weak refers to only partial dissociation ...
Document
... out of first. The excess reagent is the one you have left over. The limiting reagent determines how much product you can make ...
... out of first. The excess reagent is the one you have left over. The limiting reagent determines how much product you can make ...
Mass Mass - White Plains Public Schools
... allow us to calculate the mass relationships. This quantitative study of chemical reactions is called stoichiometry. Mass-Mass problems generally involve the following steps: 1. Changing the mass given to the number of moles with the formula; mass given # of moles = -----------------------molar mass ...
... allow us to calculate the mass relationships. This quantitative study of chemical reactions is called stoichiometry. Mass-Mass problems generally involve the following steps: 1. Changing the mass given to the number of moles with the formula; mass given # of moles = -----------------------molar mass ...
Chapter 17: An Introduction to Organic Chemistry, Biochemistry, and
... into the millions. Fortunately, the task of studying them is not so daunting as their number would suggest, because organic compounds can be categorized according to structural similarities that lead to similarities in the compounds’ important properties. For example, you discovered in Section 3.3 t ...
... into the millions. Fortunately, the task of studying them is not so daunting as their number would suggest, because organic compounds can be categorized according to structural similarities that lead to similarities in the compounds’ important properties. For example, you discovered in Section 3.3 t ...
Equilibrium
... that fewer materials and less energy are used. Sample questions: Why are low temperature conditions not used with exothermic reactions? How do chemicals dissolved in human blood help maintain a blood pH level between 7.2 and 7.4? ...
... that fewer materials and less energy are used. Sample questions: Why are low temperature conditions not used with exothermic reactions? How do chemicals dissolved in human blood help maintain a blood pH level between 7.2 and 7.4? ...
Unit 5 2 Thermodynamics Enthalpy
... That is: When a reaction is the sum of two or more other reactions, the ΔH for the overall process is the sum of the enthalpy changes for the constituent reactants 1) Hess’s Law is a neat means of calculating enthalpy changes which may be fleeting or difficult to measure. a) per your text (p187) “It ...
... That is: When a reaction is the sum of two or more other reactions, the ΔH for the overall process is the sum of the enthalpy changes for the constituent reactants 1) Hess’s Law is a neat means of calculating enthalpy changes which may be fleeting or difficult to measure. a) per your text (p187) “It ...
Name: Period:______ Let`s make some sandwiches! Introduction: If
... Name:______________________ Period:_________ Let’s make some sandwiches! Introduction: If a sandwich shop runs out of bread, the shop closes down. No more sandwiches can be fully made without ordering more bread from a bakery. A similar thing happens in a chemical reaction. If there are fixed amount ...
... Name:______________________ Period:_________ Let’s make some sandwiches! Introduction: If a sandwich shop runs out of bread, the shop closes down. No more sandwiches can be fully made without ordering more bread from a bakery. A similar thing happens in a chemical reaction. If there are fixed amount ...
Principles of Chemistry 1 and 2 Notes
... two or more bonds of the central atom and the surrounding terminal atoms. - The repulsion between electrons in different bonding pairs causes them to remain as far apart as possible. - The geometry that the molecule finally assumes leads to minimize the repulsion (the molecule assumes more stability ...
... two or more bonds of the central atom and the surrounding terminal atoms. - The repulsion between electrons in different bonding pairs causes them to remain as far apart as possible. - The geometry that the molecule finally assumes leads to minimize the repulsion (the molecule assumes more stability ...
Ch 16 Power Point
... • In one kind of calorimeter, known quantities of reactants are sealed in a reaction chamber that is immersed in a known quantity of water. • Energy given off by the reaction is absorbed by the water, and the temperature change of the water is measured. • From the temperature change of the water, it ...
... • In one kind of calorimeter, known quantities of reactants are sealed in a reaction chamber that is immersed in a known quantity of water. • Energy given off by the reaction is absorbed by the water, and the temperature change of the water is measured. • From the temperature change of the water, it ...
Week 1 NEPHAR 201- Analytical Chemistry II_Introduction_5
... identity of components in a sample (elements or compound) ...
... identity of components in a sample (elements or compound) ...
1. What energy changes occur when chemical bonds are formed
... the standard entropy and enthalpy changes are: ∆Hο = –9.83kJ mol–1 and ∆Sο = –35.2J K–1 mol–1. Predict and explain the effect of an increase in temperature on the spontaneity of the process. ...
... the standard entropy and enthalpy changes are: ∆Hο = –9.83kJ mol–1 and ∆Sο = –35.2J K–1 mol–1. Predict and explain the effect of an increase in temperature on the spontaneity of the process. ...
CHAPTER I
... Electron spin. Three quantum numbers (n, ℓ , and mℓ ) allow us to define the orbital for an electron. To describe completely an electron in an atom with many electrons, however, we still need one more quantum number, the electron spin quantum number, ms. In approximately 1920, theoretical chemists r ...
... Electron spin. Three quantum numbers (n, ℓ , and mℓ ) allow us to define the orbital for an electron. To describe completely an electron in an atom with many electrons, however, we still need one more quantum number, the electron spin quantum number, ms. In approximately 1920, theoretical chemists r ...
Test 1 w/answers
... 1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______ 5. _______ 6. _______ 7. _______ ...
... 1. _______ 2. _______ 3. _______ 4. _______ 5. _______ 6. _______ 7. _______ ...
Degradation of bidentate coordinated platinum(II)
... phenanthroline)(ethylenediamine)platinum(II)]2+), with reduced L-glutathione and L-methionine. Both ...
... phenanthroline)(ethylenediamine)platinum(II)]2+), with reduced L-glutathione and L-methionine. Both ...
Energetics - chemistryatdulwich
... Lattice enthalpy is the ionic equivalent to bond enthalpies. Bond enthalpies in molecular substances indicate the strength of covalent bonds. Lattice enthalpy is an indicator of the strength of an ionic bond within an ionic lattice. Lattice enthalpy = is the enthalpy change when one mole of a solid ...
... Lattice enthalpy is the ionic equivalent to bond enthalpies. Bond enthalpies in molecular substances indicate the strength of covalent bonds. Lattice enthalpy is an indicator of the strength of an ionic bond within an ionic lattice. Lattice enthalpy = is the enthalpy change when one mole of a solid ...
In chemistry, a salt is an ionic compound that
... boundaries (boundaries between crystallites), larger crystals tend to be transparent, while the polycrystalline aggregates look like white powders. Salts exist in many different colors, for example: Potassium dichromate, a bright yellow (sodium chromate) orange salt used as a pigment. orange (potass ...
... boundaries (boundaries between crystallites), larger crystals tend to be transparent, while the polycrystalline aggregates look like white powders. Salts exist in many different colors, for example: Potassium dichromate, a bright yellow (sodium chromate) orange salt used as a pigment. orange (potass ...
Chapter 4: Oxidation and Reduction MH5 4
... Unit 3 Oxidation and Reduction Chemistry 020, R. R. Martin 1 Introduction Another important type of reaction in aqueous solution involves the transfer of electrons between two species. This is called an oxidation-reduction or a redox reaction. What happens when zinc pellets are added to an acid? The ...
... Unit 3 Oxidation and Reduction Chemistry 020, R. R. Martin 1 Introduction Another important type of reaction in aqueous solution involves the transfer of electrons between two species. This is called an oxidation-reduction or a redox reaction. What happens when zinc pellets are added to an acid? The ...
5. Coenzyme HAD+ is derived
... It is well known that in modern conditions the key task of higher education is a fundamental training. Chemistry is a basic science and a powerful tool for studying and learning processes in living systems. Therefore, medical students must thoroughly understand the basic ideas, laws and methods of t ...
... It is well known that in modern conditions the key task of higher education is a fundamental training. Chemistry is a basic science and a powerful tool for studying and learning processes in living systems. Therefore, medical students must thoroughly understand the basic ideas, laws and methods of t ...
Lewis acid catalysis
In Lewis acid catalysis of organic reactions, a metal-based Lewis acid acts as an electron pair acceptor to increase the reactivity of a substrate. Common Lewis acid catalysts are based on main group metals such as aluminum, boron, silicon, and tin, as well as many early (titanium, zirconium) and late (iron, copper, zinc) d-block metals. The metal atom forms an adduct with a lone-pair bearing electronegative atom in the substrate, such as oxygen (both sp2 or sp3), nitrogen, sulfur, and halogens. The complexation has partial charge-transfer character and makes the lone-pair donor effectively more electronegative, activating the substrate toward nucleophilic attack, heterolytic bond cleavage, or cycloaddition with 1,3-dienes and 1,3-dipoles.Many classical reactions involving carbon–carbon or carbon–heteroatom bond formation can be catalyzed by Lewis acids. Examples include the Friedel-Crafts reaction, the aldol reaction, and various pericyclic processes that proceed slowly at room temperature, such as the Diels-Alder reaction and the ene reaction. In addition to accelerating the reactions, Lewis acid catalysts are able to impose regioselectivity and stereoselectivity in many cases.Early developments in Lewis acid reagents focused on easily available compounds such as TiCl4, BF3, SnCl4, and AlCl3. The relative strengths of these (and other) Lewis acids may be estimated from NMR spectroscopy by the Childs method or the Gutmann-Beckett method. Over the years, versatile catalysts bearing ligands designed for specific applications have facilitated improvement in both reactivity and selectivity of Lewis acid-catalyzed reactions. More recently, Lewis acid catalysts with chiral ligands have become an important class of tools for asymmetric catalysis.Challenges in the development of Lewis acid catalysis include inefficient catalyst turnover (caused by catalyst affinity for the product) and the frequent requirement of two-point binding for stereoselectivity, which often necessitates the use of auxiliary groups.