Chemistry JAMB Past Questions
... an oxidizing agent an acid a catalyst a drying agent In the Haber process for the manufacturer of ammonia, finely divided iron is used as an ionizing agent a reducing agent a catalyst a dehydrating agent an oxidizing agent. An organic compound with a vapour density 56.5 has the following percentage ...
... an oxidizing agent an acid a catalyst a drying agent In the Haber process for the manufacturer of ammonia, finely divided iron is used as an ionizing agent a reducing agent a catalyst a dehydrating agent an oxidizing agent. An organic compound with a vapour density 56.5 has the following percentage ...
First Poly(2-oxazoline)s with Pendant Amino Groups
... and amphiphilic monomer units via block copolymerization leads to amphiphilic polysoaps that are aggregating into defined micelles at very low critical micelle concentrations (CMC 105 mol/L).[16] An additional introduction of chemical groups into the hydrophobic polymer segment allows the formati ...
... and amphiphilic monomer units via block copolymerization leads to amphiphilic polysoaps that are aggregating into defined micelles at very low critical micelle concentrations (CMC 105 mol/L).[16] An additional introduction of chemical groups into the hydrophobic polymer segment allows the formati ...
AQA GCSE Chemistry My Revision Notes
... (a) Suggest one reason why this part of Newlands’ table is different from the modern one. (1 mark) In 1869 Dimitri Mendeleev arranged the elements by putting them in order of their atomic weights. When he put them into a table he ensured that elements with similar properties were in columns. (b) Wha ...
... (a) Suggest one reason why this part of Newlands’ table is different from the modern one. (1 mark) In 1869 Dimitri Mendeleev arranged the elements by putting them in order of their atomic weights. When he put them into a table he ensured that elements with similar properties were in columns. (b) Wha ...
Cardiovascular - PHARMACEUTICAL REVIEW
... Although the formation of carboxy Hb decreases the oxygen carrying capacity of blood it does not decrease the PO2 of arterial blood & as a result there is no stimulation of chemoreceptors. ...
... Although the formation of carboxy Hb decreases the oxygen carrying capacity of blood it does not decrease the PO2 of arterial blood & as a result there is no stimulation of chemoreceptors. ...
Unit - 7.pmd
... covalency to four, nitrogen cannot form dπ –pπ bond as the heavier elements can e.g., R3P = O or R3P = CH2 (R = alkyl group). Phosphorus and arsenic can form dπ –dπ bond also with transition metals when their compounds like P(C2H5)3 and As(C6H5)3 act as ligands. (i) Reactivity towards hydrogen: All ...
... covalency to four, nitrogen cannot form dπ –pπ bond as the heavier elements can e.g., R3P = O or R3P = CH2 (R = alkyl group). Phosphorus and arsenic can form dπ –dπ bond also with transition metals when their compounds like P(C2H5)3 and As(C6H5)3 act as ligands. (i) Reactivity towards hydrogen: All ...
Buffer Solutions
... Buffers are solutions with the ability to resist the addition of strong acids or strong bases, within limits. They play an important role in chemical processes where it is essential that a fairly constant pH is maintained. In many industrial and physiological processes, specific reactions occur at s ...
... Buffers are solutions with the ability to resist the addition of strong acids or strong bases, within limits. They play an important role in chemical processes where it is essential that a fairly constant pH is maintained. In many industrial and physiological processes, specific reactions occur at s ...
Buffer Solutions
... Buffers are solutions with the ability to resist the addition of strong acids or strong bases, within limits. They play an important role in chemical processes where it is essential that a fairly constant pH is maintained. In many industrial and physiological processes, specific reactions occur at s ...
... Buffers are solutions with the ability to resist the addition of strong acids or strong bases, within limits. They play an important role in chemical processes where it is essential that a fairly constant pH is maintained. In many industrial and physiological processes, specific reactions occur at s ...
Document
... compounds are molecular. Two, HNO3 and HCHO2 , are acids. Nitric acid, HNO3 is a common strong acid, as shown in Table 4.2, and therefore is a strong electrolyte. Because most acids are weak acids, our best guess would be that HCHO2 is a weak acid (weak electrolyte). This is correct. The remaining m ...
... compounds are molecular. Two, HNO3 and HCHO2 , are acids. Nitric acid, HNO3 is a common strong acid, as shown in Table 4.2, and therefore is a strong electrolyte. Because most acids are weak acids, our best guess would be that HCHO2 is a weak acid (weak electrolyte). This is correct. The remaining m ...
SAMPLE EXERCISE 4.5 Comparing Acid Strengths
... compounds are molecular. Two, HNO3 and HCHO2 , are acids. Nitric acid, HNO3 is a common strong acid, as shown in Table 4.2, and therefore is a strong electrolyte. Because most acids are weak acids, our best guess would be that HCHO2 is a weak acid (weak electrolyte). This is correct. The remaining m ...
... compounds are molecular. Two, HNO3 and HCHO2 , are acids. Nitric acid, HNO3 is a common strong acid, as shown in Table 4.2, and therefore is a strong electrolyte. Because most acids are weak acids, our best guess would be that HCHO2 is a weak acid (weak electrolyte). This is correct. The remaining m ...
Week 1 - School of Chemical Sciences
... Starting with a well-characterized transition metal complex from the inorganic literature, propose its development into a viable catalytic system for application towards a synthetically useful process. NIH postdoctoral fellowship style recommended. Length may not exceed 4 pages (including all figure ...
... Starting with a well-characterized transition metal complex from the inorganic literature, propose its development into a viable catalytic system for application towards a synthetically useful process. NIH postdoctoral fellowship style recommended. Length may not exceed 4 pages (including all figure ...
4Chemical Quantities and Aqueous Reactions
... chemical reaction, the tomato sauce would be the limiting reactant, the reactant that limits the amount of product in a chemical reaction. Notice that the limiting reactant is simply the reactant that makes the least amount of product. Reactants that do not limit the amount of product—such as the cr ...
... chemical reaction, the tomato sauce would be the limiting reactant, the reactant that limits the amount of product in a chemical reaction. Notice that the limiting reactant is simply the reactant that makes the least amount of product. Reactants that do not limit the amount of product—such as the cr ...
Topic 9 Reduction and Oxidation File
... Redox Reactions In Acidic Solutions Some might argue that we don't need to use half-reactions to balance equations because they can be balanced by trial and error. The half-reaction technique becomes indispensable, however, in balancing reactions such as the oxidation of sulfur dioxide by the dichro ...
... Redox Reactions In Acidic Solutions Some might argue that we don't need to use half-reactions to balance equations because they can be balanced by trial and error. The half-reaction technique becomes indispensable, however, in balancing reactions such as the oxidation of sulfur dioxide by the dichro ...
PDF File
... The role of the cleavage site 2′-hydroxyl in the Tetrahymena group I ribozyme reaction Aiichiro Yoshida1*, Shu-ou Shan2*, Daniel Herschlag2 and Joseph A Piccirilli1 Background: The 2′-hydroxyl of U preceding the cleavage site, U(–1), in the Tetrahymena ribozyme reaction contributes 103-fold to catal ...
... The role of the cleavage site 2′-hydroxyl in the Tetrahymena group I ribozyme reaction Aiichiro Yoshida1*, Shu-ou Shan2*, Daniel Herschlag2 and Joseph A Piccirilli1 Background: The 2′-hydroxyl of U preceding the cleavage site, U(–1), in the Tetrahymena ribozyme reaction contributes 103-fold to catal ...
Exam 980415 - NTOU-Chem
... 2) At 25.0°C the enthalpy of vaporization of water ( Hvap) is 44.0 kJ/mol and the vapor pressure is 23.8 mm Hg. Calculate the vapor pressure of water at 50.0°C, in mm Hg. A) 6.02 B) 147 C) 58.2 D) 564 E) 94.1 Answer: E 3) Which of the following describes what happens to the solubility of a slightly ...
... 2) At 25.0°C the enthalpy of vaporization of water ( Hvap) is 44.0 kJ/mol and the vapor pressure is 23.8 mm Hg. Calculate the vapor pressure of water at 50.0°C, in mm Hg. A) 6.02 B) 147 C) 58.2 D) 564 E) 94.1 Answer: E 3) Which of the following describes what happens to the solubility of a slightly ...
Chapter 1 Chirality in clinical analysis 1.1. Introduction
... Chirality has emerged as a key issue in drug design, discovery and development as stereoisomer discrimination is a significant component in many pharmacological events [27-30]. Chirality is an important factor in drug efficacy. About 56% of the drugs currently in use are chiral compounds, and about ...
... Chirality has emerged as a key issue in drug design, discovery and development as stereoisomer discrimination is a significant component in many pharmacological events [27-30]. Chirality is an important factor in drug efficacy. About 56% of the drugs currently in use are chiral compounds, and about ...
sample chapter
... Many chemical reactions and virtually all biological processes take place in an aqueous environment. Therefore, it is important to understand the properties of different substances in solution with water. To start with, what exactly is a solution? A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more s ...
... Many chemical reactions and virtually all biological processes take place in an aqueous environment. Therefore, it is important to understand the properties of different substances in solution with water. To start with, what exactly is a solution? A solution is a homogeneous mixture of two or more s ...
Topic 3: Chemical Kinetics - Manitoba Education and Training
... Topic 3: chemical Kinetics C12-3-01 Formulate an operational definition of reaction rate. Include: examples of chemical reactions that occur at different rates ...
... Topic 3: chemical Kinetics C12-3-01 Formulate an operational definition of reaction rate. Include: examples of chemical reactions that occur at different rates ...
document
... 1. Elements: The oxidation number of an atom in an element is zero. 2. Monatomic ions: The oxidation number of an atom in a monatomic ion equals the charge on the ion. 3. Oxygen: The oxidation number of oxygen is −2 in most of its compounds. (An exception is O in H2O2 and other peroxides, where the ...
... 1. Elements: The oxidation number of an atom in an element is zero. 2. Monatomic ions: The oxidation number of an atom in a monatomic ion equals the charge on the ion. 3. Oxygen: The oxidation number of oxygen is −2 in most of its compounds. (An exception is O in H2O2 and other peroxides, where the ...
articles - Geoscience Research Institute
... to demonstrate experimentally that biological compounds could have been formed under prebiotic conditions. Such efforts are based on the assumption that life emerged spontaneously on the surface of the primitive earth after normal chemical processes had brought carbon-containing molecules to a stage ...
... to demonstrate experimentally that biological compounds could have been formed under prebiotic conditions. Such efforts are based on the assumption that life emerged spontaneously on the surface of the primitive earth after normal chemical processes had brought carbon-containing molecules to a stage ...
Syllabus - Chemistry
... Photosubstitution and photo reduction of Co (III) complexes.Photosubstitution reaction of Cr (III) and Rh (III) complexes. Organometallic-Photochemistry: Reactions of metal carbonyls, cleavage of metal-metal bond. Unit-III Redox Reactions by Excited Metal Complexes: (10hrs) Energy transfer under con ...
... Photosubstitution and photo reduction of Co (III) complexes.Photosubstitution reaction of Cr (III) and Rh (III) complexes. Organometallic-Photochemistry: Reactions of metal carbonyls, cleavage of metal-metal bond. Unit-III Redox Reactions by Excited Metal Complexes: (10hrs) Energy transfer under con ...
Chemistry - Textbooks Online
... Chemistry, a branch of science concerned with the properties, structures and composition of substances and their reactions with one another. Inorganic Chemistry studies the preparation, properties and reactions of all chemical elements and their compounds, except those of carbon. Organic Chemistry s ...
... Chemistry, a branch of science concerned with the properties, structures and composition of substances and their reactions with one another. Inorganic Chemistry studies the preparation, properties and reactions of all chemical elements and their compounds, except those of carbon. Organic Chemistry s ...
Equilibrium 5
... 10. Arsenic can be extracted from its ores by first reacting the ore with oxygen (called Roasting) to from solid As4O6, which is then reduced using carbon: As4O6 (s) + ...
... 10. Arsenic can be extracted from its ores by first reacting the ore with oxygen (called Roasting) to from solid As4O6, which is then reduced using carbon: As4O6 (s) + ...
Lewis acid catalysis
In Lewis acid catalysis of organic reactions, a metal-based Lewis acid acts as an electron pair acceptor to increase the reactivity of a substrate. Common Lewis acid catalysts are based on main group metals such as aluminum, boron, silicon, and tin, as well as many early (titanium, zirconium) and late (iron, copper, zinc) d-block metals. The metal atom forms an adduct with a lone-pair bearing electronegative atom in the substrate, such as oxygen (both sp2 or sp3), nitrogen, sulfur, and halogens. The complexation has partial charge-transfer character and makes the lone-pair donor effectively more electronegative, activating the substrate toward nucleophilic attack, heterolytic bond cleavage, or cycloaddition with 1,3-dienes and 1,3-dipoles.Many classical reactions involving carbon–carbon or carbon–heteroatom bond formation can be catalyzed by Lewis acids. Examples include the Friedel-Crafts reaction, the aldol reaction, and various pericyclic processes that proceed slowly at room temperature, such as the Diels-Alder reaction and the ene reaction. In addition to accelerating the reactions, Lewis acid catalysts are able to impose regioselectivity and stereoselectivity in many cases.Early developments in Lewis acid reagents focused on easily available compounds such as TiCl4, BF3, SnCl4, and AlCl3. The relative strengths of these (and other) Lewis acids may be estimated from NMR spectroscopy by the Childs method or the Gutmann-Beckett method. Over the years, versatile catalysts bearing ligands designed for specific applications have facilitated improvement in both reactivity and selectivity of Lewis acid-catalyzed reactions. More recently, Lewis acid catalysts with chiral ligands have become an important class of tools for asymmetric catalysis.Challenges in the development of Lewis acid catalysis include inefficient catalyst turnover (caused by catalyst affinity for the product) and the frequent requirement of two-point binding for stereoselectivity, which often necessitates the use of auxiliary groups.