Fluorescence Study of Bovine β-Lactoglobulin
... hydrophobic pocket and Trp 61 present at the surface of the protein near the pocket [1-5]. In order to find out whether both Trp residues contribute to β-lactoglobulin fluorescence or not, time-resolved studies and static quenching were performed in presence of high concentrations of calcofluor whit ...
... hydrophobic pocket and Trp 61 present at the surface of the protein near the pocket [1-5]. In order to find out whether both Trp residues contribute to β-lactoglobulin fluorescence or not, time-resolved studies and static quenching were performed in presence of high concentrations of calcofluor whit ...
Fig. - Journal of Cell Science
... region is rich in predicted secondary structure, suggestive of a wellfolded domain. In favourable cases, ab initio modelling can accurately predict the overall fold of a queried protein through stitching together fragments of unrelated proteins (Rohl et al., 2004; Xu and Zhang, 2012). Using this app ...
... region is rich in predicted secondary structure, suggestive of a wellfolded domain. In favourable cases, ab initio modelling can accurately predict the overall fold of a queried protein through stitching together fragments of unrelated proteins (Rohl et al., 2004; Xu and Zhang, 2012). Using this app ...
Molecular Weight Determination by SDS-PAGE - Bio-Rad
... sample buffer used to solubilize the proteins should contain reducing agents (dithiothreitol or β-mercaptoethanol) to break disulfide bonds, which minimizes the effect of secondary structure on migration. In addition, a strong ionic detergent such as SDS is a required component of the sample buffer. ...
... sample buffer used to solubilize the proteins should contain reducing agents (dithiothreitol or β-mercaptoethanol) to break disulfide bonds, which minimizes the effect of secondary structure on migration. In addition, a strong ionic detergent such as SDS is a required component of the sample buffer. ...
BMC Cell Biology
... direct carrier or via an adapter protein binding to the typical NLSs of proteins [7]. NLSs are short regions with a high amount of the basic amino acids arginine, lysine, and proline [16,17]. The main classes of typical NLSs are (i) SV40-like NLSs PKKKRKV, which are composed of a single peptide regi ...
... direct carrier or via an adapter protein binding to the typical NLSs of proteins [7]. NLSs are short regions with a high amount of the basic amino acids arginine, lysine, and proline [16,17]. The main classes of typical NLSs are (i) SV40-like NLSs PKKKRKV, which are composed of a single peptide regi ...
Runions et al - Oxford Academic
... that appeared similar to those of the normally reported ER network. Because the ER is not visible prior to photoactivation of the PAGFP in its membrane, only about 75% of the cells that were targeted yielded analysable results. The other cells either had not been transformed with the CX-PAGFP constr ...
... that appeared similar to those of the normally reported ER network. Because the ER is not visible prior to photoactivation of the PAGFP in its membrane, only about 75% of the cells that were targeted yielded analysable results. The other cells either had not been transformed with the CX-PAGFP constr ...
Photoactivation of GFP reveals protein dynamics within the
... that appeared similar to those of the normally reported ER network. Because the ER is not visible prior to photoactivation of the PAGFP in its membrane, only about 75% of the cells that were targeted yielded analysable results. The other cells either had not been transformed with the CX-PAGFP constr ...
... that appeared similar to those of the normally reported ER network. Because the ER is not visible prior to photoactivation of the PAGFP in its membrane, only about 75% of the cells that were targeted yielded analysable results. The other cells either had not been transformed with the CX-PAGFP constr ...
Document
... and nucleic acids • Particularly good for determining the strength (affinity) of the interactions High affinity, μM – nM: tend to involve sequencespecific interactions, e.g. restriction enzymes Low affinity, mM – μM: proteins tend to recognise aspects of “overall” structure i.e. not sequence-depen ...
... and nucleic acids • Particularly good for determining the strength (affinity) of the interactions High affinity, μM – nM: tend to involve sequencespecific interactions, e.g. restriction enzymes Low affinity, mM – μM: proteins tend to recognise aspects of “overall” structure i.e. not sequence-depen ...
Cyclic adenosine monophosphate response
... synthetic, and apoptotic processes. To better understand and develop preventative therapies for progressive IH with its complex pathology, basic investigations using an animal model of mechanically desquamated arteries are underway. Indeed, numerous experimental molecules for potential IH treatments ...
... synthetic, and apoptotic processes. To better understand and develop preventative therapies for progressive IH with its complex pathology, basic investigations using an animal model of mechanically desquamated arteries are underway. Indeed, numerous experimental molecules for potential IH treatments ...
Makorin ortholog LEP-2 regulates LIN-28 stability to
... The lep-2(ny4) allele was generated with TMP/UV, which results in genomic deletions (Yandell et al., 1994). Therefore, we chose to map this allele by array comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) (Flibotte and Moerman, 2008). Array CGH identified a region of ∼8 kb on the left arm of chromosome ...
... The lep-2(ny4) allele was generated with TMP/UV, which results in genomic deletions (Yandell et al., 1994). Therefore, we chose to map this allele by array comparative genomic hybridization (array CGH) (Flibotte and Moerman, 2008). Array CGH identified a region of ∼8 kb on the left arm of chromosome ...
Validating the Location of Fluorescent Protein
... distribution. A solution to this problem may be presented if the protein of interest is encoded by a small gene family. If two or ...
... distribution. A solution to this problem may be presented if the protein of interest is encoded by a small gene family. If two or ...
Validating the Location of Fluorescent Protein
... distribution. A solution to this problem may be presented if the protein of interest is encoded by a small gene family. If two or ...
... distribution. A solution to this problem may be presented if the protein of interest is encoded by a small gene family. If two or ...
![The PRA1 Gene Family in Arabidopsis1[W]](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/007975965_1-68ff328dd33afa57eaf37e2f089459b4-300x300.png)
The PRA1 Gene Family in Arabidopsis1[W]
... Figure 3. Activity of AtPRA1 promoter-GUS fusions (AtPRA1:GUS) in 8-d-old transgenic Arabidopsis seedlings. Representatives from each observed pattern are summarized. A, AtPRA1.D:GUS expression throughout the leaf veins, hypocotyl, and root tissues. B, AtPRA1.G2:GUS expression in vascular root tissu ...
... Figure 3. Activity of AtPRA1 promoter-GUS fusions (AtPRA1:GUS) in 8-d-old transgenic Arabidopsis seedlings. Representatives from each observed pattern are summarized. A, AtPRA1.D:GUS expression throughout the leaf veins, hypocotyl, and root tissues. B, AtPRA1.G2:GUS expression in vascular root tissu ...
A single mutation in the core domain of the lac repressor reduces
... employed to uncouple the growth of the producing host from protein production (usually in Escherichia coli, but also in other organisms, including mammalian cells) [9,10]. The pET/BL21 system, originally established in 1990 [11-13], is still widely used for protein overproduction. The key features t ...
... employed to uncouple the growth of the producing host from protein production (usually in Escherichia coli, but also in other organisms, including mammalian cells) [9,10]. The pET/BL21 system, originally established in 1990 [11-13], is still widely used for protein overproduction. The key features t ...
Gene silencing in Caenorhabditis elegans by transitive RNA
... al. 2000), double-stranded RNA-binding proteins (Tabara et al. 2002), as well as additional Argonaute members (Tabara et al. 1999; Fagard et al. 2000). In several organisms, Argonaute homologs are not required to produce siRNAs, suggesting this family may function downstream of dsRNA processing (Par ...
... al. 2000), double-stranded RNA-binding proteins (Tabara et al. 2002), as well as additional Argonaute members (Tabara et al. 1999; Fagard et al. 2000). In several organisms, Argonaute homologs are not required to produce siRNAs, suggesting this family may function downstream of dsRNA processing (Par ...
Specialized filopodia direct long-range transport of SHH
... tightly packed cells is of fundamental importance for cell specification and tissue development; however, how this is achieved at a cellular level remains poorly understood1. For more than a century, the vertebrate limb bud has served as a model for studying cell signalling during embryonic developm ...
... tightly packed cells is of fundamental importance for cell specification and tissue development; however, how this is achieved at a cellular level remains poorly understood1. For more than a century, the vertebrate limb bud has served as a model for studying cell signalling during embryonic developm ...
Supplementary information
... hpe) (a-b) and at E2.5 (24 hpe) (c-e). In situ hybridizations for Sdf1, Cxcr4 or Sox10 and GFP visualizations combined with immunodetection for HNK1 and DAPI staining, showing the large accumulation of Cxcr4-positive NC (arrows) along the Sdf1-transfected side of the neural tube. (f-j) Whole-mount v ...
... hpe) (a-b) and at E2.5 (24 hpe) (c-e). In situ hybridizations for Sdf1, Cxcr4 or Sox10 and GFP visualizations combined with immunodetection for HNK1 and DAPI staining, showing the large accumulation of Cxcr4-positive NC (arrows) along the Sdf1-transfected side of the neural tube. (f-j) Whole-mount v ...
Environmental Microbiology
... brasilense, or at least two synthetic pathways. Subsequent studies have substantiated that in fact three potential biochemical pathways exist for production of IAA. There are the indole-3-acetamid and the indole-3pyruvate pathway, which both use tryptophan as a precursor, but there is also a tryptop ...
... brasilense, or at least two synthetic pathways. Subsequent studies have substantiated that in fact three potential biochemical pathways exist for production of IAA. There are the indole-3-acetamid and the indole-3pyruvate pathway, which both use tryptophan as a precursor, but there is also a tryptop ...
as a PDF
... there is a connection between the nuclei and septa is suggested by the fact that spindle pole bodies seem to play an important role in septum positioning. Many proteins found at the spindle pole body seem to affect septation. For instance the spindle pole body protein SnaD affects the timing of mitosi ...
... there is a connection between the nuclei and septa is suggested by the fact that spindle pole bodies seem to play an important role in septum positioning. Many proteins found at the spindle pole body seem to affect septation. For instance the spindle pole body protein SnaD affects the timing of mitosi ...
Beta Structures
... • The domain structure of g-crystallin is built up from two b sheets of four antiparallel b strands, sheet 1 from b strands 1, 2, 4, and 7, and sheet 2 from strands 3, 5, 6, and 8. • The b strands are arranged in two Greek key motifs, one (red) formed by strands 1 - 4 and the other (green) by strand ...
... • The domain structure of g-crystallin is built up from two b sheets of four antiparallel b strands, sheet 1 from b strands 1, 2, 4, and 7, and sheet 2 from strands 3, 5, 6, and 8. • The b strands are arranged in two Greek key motifs, one (red) formed by strands 1 - 4 and the other (green) by strand ...
Distinct fluorescent pattern of KAT1::GFP in the plasma membrane of
... KAT1 plays an important role in guard cell functioning. We therefore analysed turgid guard cells transiently expressing KAT1 fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP). KAT1::GFP was organised in clusters in the PM similar to what we previously described for guard cell protoplasts (Hurst et al., 2004). ...
... KAT1 plays an important role in guard cell functioning. We therefore analysed turgid guard cells transiently expressing KAT1 fused to green fluorescent protein (GFP). KAT1::GFP was organised in clusters in the PM similar to what we previously described for guard cell protoplasts (Hurst et al., 2004). ...
Bone marrow side population cells are enriched for progenitors
... Fig. 2. WBM and SP transplantations result in equivalent hematopoietic lineage reconstitution. Markers for B cell (B220), T lymphocyte (CD3), mature granulocyte (Gr-1), monocyte/macrophage (Mac-1) and erythroid (Ter119) lineages were tested using a mouse lineage panel. For each marker, the percentag ...
... Fig. 2. WBM and SP transplantations result in equivalent hematopoietic lineage reconstitution. Markers for B cell (B220), T lymphocyte (CD3), mature granulocyte (Gr-1), monocyte/macrophage (Mac-1) and erythroid (Ter119) lineages were tested using a mouse lineage panel. For each marker, the percentag ...
Role of the leader sequence in tobacco pectin methylesterase
... belongs to PME clade Plant 1 [4]. Unprocessed proPME protein contained the 255-aa long N-terminal leader (PS) preceding the 319-aa mature PME portion (Fig. 1A, underlined sequence). The PME from Daucus carota (P83218) might be considered as the type member of this clade, since its 3D structure was r ...
... belongs to PME clade Plant 1 [4]. Unprocessed proPME protein contained the 255-aa long N-terminal leader (PS) preceding the 319-aa mature PME portion (Fig. 1A, underlined sequence). The PME from Daucus carota (P83218) might be considered as the type member of this clade, since its 3D structure was r ...
Tropomyosin 1: Multiple roles in the developing heart and in the
... allowing the globular myosin heads to interact. This produces movement of the thick and thin filaments relative to each other, resulting in sarcomere shortening and hence muscle contraction [18,19]. Despite this essential interaction, roles for TPM1 in the developing heart are poorly understood, with ...
... allowing the globular myosin heads to interact. This produces movement of the thick and thin filaments relative to each other, resulting in sarcomere shortening and hence muscle contraction [18,19]. Despite this essential interaction, roles for TPM1 in the developing heart are poorly understood, with ...
plant cell biology in the new millennium: new tools and new
... Thompson and Schulz, 1999; Lazarowitz, 1999). Several spectral variants of this protein have also enabled researchers to monitor the dynamics of two or more molecules in the cell simultaneously (Ellenberg, Lippincott-Schwartz, and Presley, 1999; Palm and Wlodawer, 1999; Haseloff, 1999). These spectr ...
... Thompson and Schulz, 1999; Lazarowitz, 1999). Several spectral variants of this protein have also enabled researchers to monitor the dynamics of two or more molecules in the cell simultaneously (Ellenberg, Lippincott-Schwartz, and Presley, 1999; Palm and Wlodawer, 1999; Haseloff, 1999). These spectr ...
Not just another hole in the wall: understanding intercellular protein
... both by immunolocalization and visualization of a fully functional fusion of GFP to SHR (Nakajima et al. 2001). When a strong nuclear localization signal is added to SHR–GFP (SHR–NLS–GFP), the protein no longer moves (Gallagher et al. 2004). Sena et al. (2004) showed that when SHR–GFP is expressed i ...
... both by immunolocalization and visualization of a fully functional fusion of GFP to SHR (Nakajima et al. 2001). When a strong nuclear localization signal is added to SHR–GFP (SHR–NLS–GFP), the protein no longer moves (Gallagher et al. 2004). Sena et al. (2004) showed that when SHR–GFP is expressed i ...
Green fluorescent protein
The green fluorescent protein (GFP) is a protein composed of 238 amino acid residues (26.9 kDa) that exhibits bright green fluorescence when exposed to light in the blue to ultraviolet range. Although many other marine organisms have similar green fluorescent proteins, GFP traditionally refers to the protein first isolated from the jellyfish Aequorea victoria. The GFP from A. victoria has a major excitation peak at a wavelength of 395 nm and a minor one at 475 nm. Its emission peak is at 509 nm, which is in the lower green portion of the visible spectrum. The fluorescence quantum yield (QY) of GFP is 0.79. The GFP from the sea pansy (Renilla reniformis) has a single major excitation peak at 498 nm.In cell and molecular biology, the GFP gene is frequently used as a reporter of expression. In modified forms it has been used to make biosensors, and many animals have been created that express GFP as a proof-of-concept that a gene can be expressed throughout a given organism. The GFP gene can be introduced into organisms and maintained in their genome through breeding, injection with a viral vector, or cell transformation. To date, the GFP gene has been introduced and expressed in many Bacteria, Yeast and other Fungi, fish (such as zebrafish), plant, fly, and mammalian cells, including human. Martin Chalfie, Osamu Shimomura, and Roger Y. Tsien were awarded the 2008 Nobel Prize in Chemistry on 10 October 2008 for their discovery and development of the green fluorescent protein.