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Is Embryonic Limulus Heart Really Myogenic? Experimental
... SYNOPSIS. Although the neurogenic nature of the heartbeat in adult Limulus has been well studied and is undisputed, we contest the reports that the embryonic heartbeat is myogenic. This notion, based on histological, calorimetric, and drug studies, is challenged by evidence from transmission electro ...
... SYNOPSIS. Although the neurogenic nature of the heartbeat in adult Limulus has been well studied and is undisputed, we contest the reports that the embryonic heartbeat is myogenic. This notion, based on histological, calorimetric, and drug studies, is challenged by evidence from transmission electro ...
The Role of Voltage Gated Sodium Channels 1
... activity of receptors and ion channels in the neurone they localise, such as TRPV1 and VGSC 1.9 in nociceptors. Clinical evidence of this is PKA phosphorylation causes a reduction in the activation threshold of the TTXr sodium voltage gated channels, thus increasing their activity; which are involve ...
... activity of receptors and ion channels in the neurone they localise, such as TRPV1 and VGSC 1.9 in nociceptors. Clinical evidence of this is PKA phosphorylation causes a reduction in the activation threshold of the TTXr sodium voltage gated channels, thus increasing their activity; which are involve ...
Signs and symptoms include
... tunnel, is most commonly injured nerve in the region. Carpal tunnel syndrome may be related to tendinitis or sprains in the region. Majority of carpal tunnel syndrome cases involve overuse injuries. Sports requiring gripping for extended periods have high incidence. ...
... tunnel, is most commonly injured nerve in the region. Carpal tunnel syndrome may be related to tendinitis or sprains in the region. Majority of carpal tunnel syndrome cases involve overuse injuries. Sports requiring gripping for extended periods have high incidence. ...
studying the isolated central nervous system
... electrogenic sodium pump component of the membrane potential. Barbara York showed that the snail neuron was sensitive to the oxygen concentration around the neuron and that reducing the Po2 brought about a depolarization of the membrane potential, whilst increasing the Po2 hyperpolarized the neuron, ...
... electrogenic sodium pump component of the membrane potential. Barbara York showed that the snail neuron was sensitive to the oxygen concentration around the neuron and that reducing the Po2 brought about a depolarization of the membrane potential, whilst increasing the Po2 hyperpolarized the neuron, ...
ANESTHESIA MEDICATIONS
... and medications that suppress certain nervous reflexes, such as slowing of the heart. ...
... and medications that suppress certain nervous reflexes, such as slowing of the heart. ...
optimal feedback control and the neural basis of volitional motor
... Point-to-point reaching movements are quite simple with regards to the motion of the hand in space. Hand motion is relatively straight for reaching movements in different spatial directions (panel a). Hand movements with similar magnitudes but in different directions produce large variations (anisot ...
... Point-to-point reaching movements are quite simple with regards to the motion of the hand in space. Hand motion is relatively straight for reaching movements in different spatial directions (panel a). Hand movements with similar magnitudes but in different directions produce large variations (anisot ...
THE AUDITORY SYSTEM OF HOMOROCORYPHUS
... found two types of neurone with different frequency-response ranges, probably central in origin. The central auditory interneurones of Gampsocleis buergeri and Homorocoryphus lineosus have been investigated by Suga & Katsuki (1961a); Suga (1963). Several auditory interneurones have been recorded, th ...
... found two types of neurone with different frequency-response ranges, probably central in origin. The central auditory interneurones of Gampsocleis buergeri and Homorocoryphus lineosus have been investigated by Suga & Katsuki (1961a); Suga (1963). Several auditory interneurones have been recorded, th ...
PDF
... The long latency postural response, at least in the upper limbs, is also modulated according to the voluntary goal of an upcoming action (Pruszynski et al., 2008; Crevecoeur et al., 2013). Hammond was the first to demonstrate that perturbations of elbow posture could induce a response in the biceps ...
... The long latency postural response, at least in the upper limbs, is also modulated according to the voluntary goal of an upcoming action (Pruszynski et al., 2008; Crevecoeur et al., 2013). Hammond was the first to demonstrate that perturbations of elbow posture could induce a response in the biceps ...
ch_16_lecture_presentation
... 4. Increased motility and blood flow in digestive tract 5. Urination and defecation stimulation ...
... 4. Increased motility and blood flow in digestive tract 5. Urination and defecation stimulation ...
Central Nervous System
... Potassium ions rush out of the neuron after sodium ions rush in, repolarizing the membrane Repolarization involves restoring the inside of the membrane to a negative charge and the outer surface to a positive charge Until repolarization is complete, a neuron cannot conduct another nerve impuls ...
... Potassium ions rush out of the neuron after sodium ions rush in, repolarizing the membrane Repolarization involves restoring the inside of the membrane to a negative charge and the outer surface to a positive charge Until repolarization is complete, a neuron cannot conduct another nerve impuls ...
functional classes of neurons in primary auditory cortex of the cat
... with a General Radio wave analyzer set to the lo-Hz bandwidth. The AC output of the wave analyzer was read with a digital voltmeter. The sound pressure level in the acoustic meatus was measured while moving the piezoelectric loudspeaker systematically in azimuth and elevation in steps of 10” or 15”. ...
... with a General Radio wave analyzer set to the lo-Hz bandwidth. The AC output of the wave analyzer was read with a digital voltmeter. The sound pressure level in the acoustic meatus was measured while moving the piezoelectric loudspeaker systematically in azimuth and elevation in steps of 10” or 15”. ...
Cardiovascular and autonomic modulation by
... exercise (53). Oxytocinergic projections from pre-autonomic neurons of the PVN to the NTS and other bulbar areas are involved in both reflex control of the heart and adjustments of the HR during dynamic exercise. Within the solitary-vagal complex (NTS + DMV), OT stimulates autonomic neurons, thereby ...
... exercise (53). Oxytocinergic projections from pre-autonomic neurons of the PVN to the NTS and other bulbar areas are involved in both reflex control of the heart and adjustments of the HR during dynamic exercise. Within the solitary-vagal complex (NTS + DMV), OT stimulates autonomic neurons, thereby ...
Imaging the premotor areas Nathalie Picard* and Peter L Strick
... of monkeys [2]. In contrast, when some of the same investigators used a similar paradigm that did not specifically dissociate conflict monitoring from response selection, they found response-related activation in the area of the ‘anterior cingulate’ cortex, located 1 mm anterior to the VCA line [49] ...
... of monkeys [2]. In contrast, when some of the same investigators used a similar paradigm that did not specifically dissociate conflict monitoring from response selection, they found response-related activation in the area of the ‘anterior cingulate’ cortex, located 1 mm anterior to the VCA line [49] ...
The Nervous System
... Functional Properties of Neurons Two main functions Irritability – ability to respond to stimuli Conductivity – ability to transmit an impulse The plasma membrane at rest is polarized Fewer positive ions (usually K+) are inside the cell than outside the cell (usually Na+) Copyright © 2003 ...
... Functional Properties of Neurons Two main functions Irritability – ability to respond to stimuli Conductivity – ability to transmit an impulse The plasma membrane at rest is polarized Fewer positive ions (usually K+) are inside the cell than outside the cell (usually Na+) Copyright © 2003 ...
bruxism, oclussion and tmd
... microtrauma or macrotrauma that produce inappropriate peripherical or central pain signals. 3 Vickers et al.4 affirm that in chronical pain states there is frequently an involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) and the perypherical nervous system (PNS) that both together are a dynamic system ...
... microtrauma or macrotrauma that produce inappropriate peripherical or central pain signals. 3 Vickers et al.4 affirm that in chronical pain states there is frequently an involvement of the central nervous system (CNS) and the perypherical nervous system (PNS) that both together are a dynamic system ...
Chapter 21: Control and Coordination
... Every mental process and physical action of the body is associated with the structures of the central and peripheral nervous systems. Therefore, any injury to the brain or the spinal cord can be serious. A severe blow to the head can bruise the brain and cause temporary or permanent loss of mental a ...
... Every mental process and physical action of the body is associated with the structures of the central and peripheral nervous systems. Therefore, any injury to the brain or the spinal cord can be serious. A severe blow to the head can bruise the brain and cause temporary or permanent loss of mental a ...
Structure of Receptive Fields in Area 3b of Primary Somatosensory
... hemispheres using standard techniques (Phillips et al., 1988; Mountcastle et al., 1991). On each recording day, a multielectrode microdrive (Mountcastle et al., 1991) was loaded with seven quartz-coated platinum /tungsten (90/10) electrodes (diameter, 80 mm; tip diameter, 4 mm; and impedance, 1–5 MV ...
... hemispheres using standard techniques (Phillips et al., 1988; Mountcastle et al., 1991). On each recording day, a multielectrode microdrive (Mountcastle et al., 1991) was loaded with seven quartz-coated platinum /tungsten (90/10) electrodes (diameter, 80 mm; tip diameter, 4 mm; and impedance, 1–5 MV ...
Motor Control - Reza Shadmehr
... contribute to fine movements, such as those of the eye or the fingers, usually have a small number of muscle fibers. For example, motor units in the eye muscles consist of three to six muscle fibers. However, gastrocnemius, which forms the belly of the calf muscle, has thousands of muscle fibers per moto ...
... contribute to fine movements, such as those of the eye or the fingers, usually have a small number of muscle fibers. For example, motor units in the eye muscles consist of three to six muscle fibers. However, gastrocnemius, which forms the belly of the calf muscle, has thousands of muscle fibers per moto ...
Hypothalamus
... 4.List the efferent connections of the hypothalamus 5.List the functions of hypothalamus ...
... 4.List the efferent connections of the hypothalamus 5.List the functions of hypothalamus ...
Structure of the Nervous System
... Copyright 2002 Michael A. Bozarth with portions copyright 2001 by Allyn & Bacon ...
... Copyright 2002 Michael A. Bozarth with portions copyright 2001 by Allyn & Bacon ...
Widespread brain activity during an abdominal task markedly
... pain, including the cingulate cortex, the insular cortex, and the frontal cortex (Fig. 1A & B). The third scan (Fig. 1C) demonstrated that activation of these areas is not required for the task but reflects brain processes that are associated with the task prior to pain physiology education. Direct ...
... pain, including the cingulate cortex, the insular cortex, and the frontal cortex (Fig. 1A & B). The third scan (Fig. 1C) demonstrated that activation of these areas is not required for the task but reflects brain processes that are associated with the task prior to pain physiology education. Direct ...
08. pons + midbrain
... thalamus,hypothalamus, limbic system and cerebral cortex. -its descending fibres project to brain stem & spinal cord. -involved in neural mechanisms regulating sleep. ...
... thalamus,hypothalamus, limbic system and cerebral cortex. -its descending fibres project to brain stem & spinal cord. -involved in neural mechanisms regulating sleep. ...
How Do Neurons Convey Information?
... Another line of evidence that the flow of information in the brain is partly electrical in nature came from the results of recording experiments with the use of a voltmeter, a device that measures the flow of electricity. A voltmeter, which is illustrated in Figure 4-2B, has one wire connected to a ...
... Another line of evidence that the flow of information in the brain is partly electrical in nature came from the results of recording experiments with the use of a voltmeter, a device that measures the flow of electricity. A voltmeter, which is illustrated in Figure 4-2B, has one wire connected to a ...
Nervous System - Neuron and Nerve Impulse PowerPoint
... of fibers called nerves. – Some nerves contain fibers from only a few neurons, but others contain hundreds or even thousands of neurons. ...
... of fibers called nerves. – Some nerves contain fibers from only a few neurons, but others contain hundreds or even thousands of neurons. ...
5.4.1 Coordinated Movement
... 3. The fibre contains many mitochondria that provide ATP for muscle contraction. Identify these on the diagram below 4. Each muscle fibre has many nuclei, described as multinucleate 5. There is an extensive system of ER called the sarcoplasmic reticulum, used to store Ca2+ for muscle contraction 6. ...
... 3. The fibre contains many mitochondria that provide ATP for muscle contraction. Identify these on the diagram below 4. Each muscle fibre has many nuclei, described as multinucleate 5. There is an extensive system of ER called the sarcoplasmic reticulum, used to store Ca2+ for muscle contraction 6. ...
Microneurography
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Microneurography,_experimental_setup,_schematic.jpg?width=300)
Microneurography is a neurophysiological method employed by scientists to visualize and record the normal traffic of nerve impulses that are conducted in peripheral nerves of waking human subjects. The method has been successfully employed to reveal functional properties of a number of neural systems, e.g. sensory systems related to touch, pain, and muscle sense as well as sympathetic activity controlling the constriction state of blood vessels. To study nerve impulses of an identified neural system, a fine tungsten needle electrode is inserted into the nerve and connected to a high gain recording amplifier. The exact position of the electrode tip within the nerve is then adjusted in minute steps until the electrode discriminates impulses of the neural system of interest. A unique feature and a significant strength of the microneurography method is that subjects are fully awake and able to cooperate in tests requiring mental attention, while impulses in a representative nerve fibre or set of nerve fibres are recorded, e.g. when cutaneous sense organs are stimulated or subjects perform voluntary precision movements.