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Genetic Engineering
Genetic Engineering

... Genetic Engineering ...
Jeffreys - OldForensics 2012-2013
Jeffreys - OldForensics 2012-2013

... • After discovering the technique of genetic fingerprinting at the University of Leicester, he continued to work there as a professor in the Department of Genetics. • Sir Alec Jeffreys's methods were soon applied to the public when two young women were raped and murdered in Leicestershire. • One man ...
Ch 16-17 Practice Quiz
Ch 16-17 Practice Quiz

... Ch.16-17 Quiz: Review of Basic Biology 1. What are the 2 pyrimidines? ____________, and the 2 purines? __________, which is a double ring structure and which is a single ring? ___________________ What are Chargaff’s rules? ______________ 2. How many H bonds are there between A and T? ______ and how ...
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DNA Technology Tools Graphic Organizer KEY
DNA Technology Tools Graphic Organizer KEY

... Makes many copies of an Used for forensic entire region of DNA investigation and in medical testing. Animals that have Used to study diseases received DNA from some and ways to treat them, other organism to improve food supply, disease resistance, and human health. Plants that have received Creates ...
Italian Association for Cancer Research NETWORK OF
Italian Association for Cancer Research NETWORK OF

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Sample Prep for Denaturing PAGE of DNA

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DNA to Protein - Duplin County Schools

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Gypsy Vanner Horse Society DNA Analysis Form

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genetics science learning center – internet lesson

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Gene Isolation and Manipulation

... The region of DNA that encodes tyrosinase in “normal” mouse genomic DNA contains two EcoRI sites. Thus, after EcoRI digestion, three different-sized fragments hybridize to the cDNA clone. When genomic DNA from certain albino mice is subjected to similar analysis, there are no DNA fragments that cont ...
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Genetic Engineering

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Gene Technology - Manasquan Public Schools

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Comparative genomic hybridization



Comparative genomic hybridization is a molecular cytogenetic method for analysing copy number variations (CNVs) relative to ploidy level in the DNA of a test sample compared to a reference sample, without the need for culturing cells. The aim of this technique is to quickly and efficiently compare two genomic DNA samples arising from two sources, which are most often closely related, because it is suspected that they contain differences in terms of either gains or losses of either whole chromosomes or subchromosomal regions (a portion of a whole chromosome). This technique was originally developed for the evaluation of the differences between the chromosomal complements of solid tumor and normal tissue, and has an improved resoIution of 5-10 megabases compared to the more traditional cytogenetic analysis techniques of giemsa banding and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) which are limited by the resolution of the microscope utilized.This is achieved through the use of competitive fluorescence in situ hybridization. In short, this involves the isolation of DNA from the two sources to be compared, most commonly a test and reference source, independent labelling of each DNA sample with a different fluorophores (fluorescent molecules) of different colours (usually red and green), denaturation of the DNA so that it is single stranded, and the hybridization of the two resultant samples in a 1:1 ratio to a normal metaphase spread of chromosomes, to which the labelled DNA samples will bind at their locus of origin. Using a fluorescence microscope and computer software, the differentially coloured fluorescent signals are then compared along the length of each chromosome for identification of chromosomal differences between the two sources. A higher intensity of the test sample colour in a specific region of a chromosome indicates the gain of material of that region in the corresponding source sample, while a higher intensity of the reference sample colour indicates the loss of material in the test sample in that specific region. A neutral colour (yellow when the fluorophore labels are red and green) indicates no difference between the two samples in that location.CGH is only able to detect unbalanced chromosomal abnormalities. This is because balanced chromosomal abnormalities such as reciprocal translocations, inversions or ring chromosomes do not affect copy number, which is what is detected by CGH technologies. CGH does, however, allow for the exploration of all 46 human chromosomes in single test and the discovery of deletions and duplications, even on the microscopic scale which may lead to the identification of candidate genes to be further explored by other cytological techniques.Through the use of DNA microarrays in conjunction with CGH techniques, the more specific form of array CGH (aCGH) has been developed, allowing for a locus-by-locus measure of CNV with increased resolution as low as 100 kilobases. This improved technique allows for the aetiology of known and unknown conditions to be discovered.
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