The ATP synthase is involved in generating mitochondrial cristae
... ATP synthase in extracts obtained with a digitonin/protein ratio of 0.5 g/g. Quanti®cation from the activity resulted in 54 and 18% of the oligomeric and dimeric forms, respectively, with a digitonin/protein ratio of 0.5 g/g, and 32 and 57% of oligomeric and dimeric forms, respectively, with a digit ...
... ATP synthase in extracts obtained with a digitonin/protein ratio of 0.5 g/g. Quanti®cation from the activity resulted in 54 and 18% of the oligomeric and dimeric forms, respectively, with a digitonin/protein ratio of 0.5 g/g, and 32 and 57% of oligomeric and dimeric forms, respectively, with a digit ...
Physiological and Pharmacological Alterations in Postsynaptic
... appeared similar in somatic and dendritic morphology and cellular density to control, untreated cultures. In patch-clamp recordings from hippocampal pyramidal cells from ‘‘epileptic,’’ low Mg 2/ pretreated hippocampal cultures, a rapid ( within 2 h of treatment ) , permanent ( lasting ¢8 days ) and ...
... appeared similar in somatic and dendritic morphology and cellular density to control, untreated cultures. In patch-clamp recordings from hippocampal pyramidal cells from ‘‘epileptic,’’ low Mg 2/ pretreated hippocampal cultures, a rapid ( within 2 h of treatment ) , permanent ( lasting ¢8 days ) and ...
Geometrical and Sequence Characteristics of
... the three-dimensional path of helix axis; and r2, the square of linear correlation coefficient for the line fit. If the maximum bending angle for the helix is $20°, the helix is classified as kinked. If the maximum bending angle is ,20°, then we look at the other three parameters. If both rmsC and r ...
... the three-dimensional path of helix axis; and r2, the square of linear correlation coefficient for the line fit. If the maximum bending angle for the helix is $20°, the helix is classified as kinked. If the maximum bending angle is ,20°, then we look at the other three parameters. If both rmsC and r ...
HEMOSTASIS
... Though platelets are anuclear cytoplasmic fragments, they contain a number of organelles, such as mitochondria, microtubules, Dense Body, etc. These organelles can be divided into three defined zones that possess a unique function. Peripheral Zone Glycocalyx surround the platelet and is considered a ...
... Though platelets are anuclear cytoplasmic fragments, they contain a number of organelles, such as mitochondria, microtubules, Dense Body, etc. These organelles can be divided into three defined zones that possess a unique function. Peripheral Zone Glycocalyx surround the platelet and is considered a ...
β-catenin: a key mediator of Wnt signaling Karl
... the degradation of β-catenin by the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway [30•]. Interestingly, several colon carcinoma and melanoma cell lines contain elevated levels of β-catenin; in some of these cell lines the increased stability can be attributed to point mutations in β-catenin that change the serine an ...
... the degradation of β-catenin by the ubiquitin–proteasome pathway [30•]. Interestingly, several colon carcinoma and melanoma cell lines contain elevated levels of β-catenin; in some of these cell lines the increased stability can be attributed to point mutations in β-catenin that change the serine an ...
the signaling role of the accessory receptors cd2 and cd6 in t cell
... kinases associating with CD6 showed the involvement of Lck, Fyn, and ZAP-70, and additionally the Tec family kinase Itk, which is absent from CD2, CD5 and TCR complexes. Together these results suggest that CD6 has an important role in the regulation of CD5 tyrosine phosphorylation, probably due to i ...
... kinases associating with CD6 showed the involvement of Lck, Fyn, and ZAP-70, and additionally the Tec family kinase Itk, which is absent from CD2, CD5 and TCR complexes. Together these results suggest that CD6 has an important role in the regulation of CD5 tyrosine phosphorylation, probably due to i ...
Bitis gabonica rhinoceros
... exhibit 60–90% sequence identity with each other and 30–35% identity with mammalian trypsin and thrombin [4,5]. Despite their high sequence similarity, there is considerable variation in the functions of the VVSPs. This functional diversity is conferred therefore by less than 40% of the total VVSP s ...
... exhibit 60–90% sequence identity with each other and 30–35% identity with mammalian trypsin and thrombin [4,5]. Despite their high sequence similarity, there is considerable variation in the functions of the VVSPs. This functional diversity is conferred therefore by less than 40% of the total VVSP s ...
Expression of the LXR Protein in Human Atherosclerotic Lesions
... Key Words: LXR␣ 䡲 atherosclerosis 䡲 macrophages 䡲 monoclonal antibody iver X–activated receptor ␣ (LXR␣; NR1H3) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily that forms a functional heterodimer with retinoid X receptors (RXRs).1,2 LXR␣/RXRs heterodimers bind to DR-4 –type sequence elements known a ...
... Key Words: LXR␣ 䡲 atherosclerosis 䡲 macrophages 䡲 monoclonal antibody iver X–activated receptor ␣ (LXR␣; NR1H3) is a member of the nuclear receptor superfamily that forms a functional heterodimer with retinoid X receptors (RXRs).1,2 LXR␣/RXRs heterodimers bind to DR-4 –type sequence elements known a ...
This is an author produced version of a paper
... has been shown to participate in a complex interplay between insulin and cAMP signalling networks, important for the regulation of insulin-induced glucose uptake and lipogenesis as well as insulin-induced inhibition of lipolysis in adipocytes [2, 8]. On the other hand, little is known about the rol ...
... has been shown to participate in a complex interplay between insulin and cAMP signalling networks, important for the regulation of insulin-induced glucose uptake and lipogenesis as well as insulin-induced inhibition of lipolysis in adipocytes [2, 8]. On the other hand, little is known about the rol ...
Distinct C-terminal Amino Acid Sequence Motifs Serve
... Localization, in BY2 cells, of TraB with mutations to the amino acid residues peripheral to the dibasic targeting signal motif............................................................ Flow chart depicting the various steps involved in the identification of putative A. thaliana TA OEPs............ ...
... Localization, in BY2 cells, of TraB with mutations to the amino acid residues peripheral to the dibasic targeting signal motif............................................................ Flow chart depicting the various steps involved in the identification of putative A. thaliana TA OEPs............ ...
Towards the construction of Escherichia coli cell
... Cell-free protein systems are described as the in vitro expression of recombinant proteins without the use of living cells. This approach uses a cell lysate containing a wide array of biological and chemical components for transcription, translation, protein folding, and energy metabolism; all requi ...
... Cell-free protein systems are described as the in vitro expression of recombinant proteins without the use of living cells. This approach uses a cell lysate containing a wide array of biological and chemical components for transcription, translation, protein folding, and energy metabolism; all requi ...
COMPLEX FORMATION AND PROTEIN INTERACTION IN THE
... correlate to difference in cellulose structure (Brown Jr. & Montezinos 1976; Herth 1983a). Thus, it is of great importance to understand the structure and assembly of CesAs into the CSC. Although the number of CesAs within the CSC has not been empirically determined, it has traditionally been estima ...
... correlate to difference in cellulose structure (Brown Jr. & Montezinos 1976; Herth 1983a). Thus, it is of great importance to understand the structure and assembly of CesAs into the CSC. Although the number of CesAs within the CSC has not been empirically determined, it has traditionally been estima ...
Identification of A Novel, N-ethylmaleimide
... gene product (Wilson et al., 1989). Another set of proteins, soluble NSF attachment protein, SNAPs, were also recently purified, and are required for NSF action (Clary and Rothman, 1990). One of the three identified SNAP proteins is likely the product of the yeast SEC17 gene (Clary et al., 1990), co ...
... gene product (Wilson et al., 1989). Another set of proteins, soluble NSF attachment protein, SNAPs, were also recently purified, and are required for NSF action (Clary and Rothman, 1990). One of the three identified SNAP proteins is likely the product of the yeast SEC17 gene (Clary et al., 1990), co ...
Cloning of adiponectin receptors that mediate antidiabetic metabolic
... cyclic AMP, cyclic GMP and intracellular calcium levels (Supplementary Fig. 2c, d). In contrast, expression of AdipoR1 enhanced increases in PPAR-a ligand activity by both globular and full-length adiponectin (Supplementary Fig. 2e). Expression of AdipoR1 or AdipoR2 in C2C12 myocytes (Supplementary ...
... cyclic AMP, cyclic GMP and intracellular calcium levels (Supplementary Fig. 2c, d). In contrast, expression of AdipoR1 enhanced increases in PPAR-a ligand activity by both globular and full-length adiponectin (Supplementary Fig. 2e). Expression of AdipoR1 or AdipoR2 in C2C12 myocytes (Supplementary ...
Functions of the cytoplasmic domain of the βPS
... highly conserved cytoplasmic domain of the integrin β subunits (Solowska et al., 1989; Hayashi et al., 1990; Marcantonio et al., 1990; Reszka et al., 1992). However, integrins are thought to play crucial roles not only in cellular events such as oncogenic transformation, hemostasis, inflammation and ...
... highly conserved cytoplasmic domain of the integrin β subunits (Solowska et al., 1989; Hayashi et al., 1990; Marcantonio et al., 1990; Reszka et al., 1992). However, integrins are thought to play crucial roles not only in cellular events such as oncogenic transformation, hemostasis, inflammation and ...
The Role of Target of Rapamycin Signaling
... because specific components of this complex, such as RICTOR and stress-activated mitogen-activated protein kinase-interacting protein1, seem to be absent from the genomes of photosynthetic organisms. However, plants may still possess a functional equivalent of TORC2, although its complex components m ...
... because specific components of this complex, such as RICTOR and stress-activated mitogen-activated protein kinase-interacting protein1, seem to be absent from the genomes of photosynthetic organisms. However, plants may still possess a functional equivalent of TORC2, although its complex components m ...
Ubiquitination and Auxin Signaling: A Degrading Story
... by Deshaies, 1999; Xiao and Jang, 2000). SCF complexes are multimeric enzymes of at least four subunits built around a member of the cullin family of proteins (Mathias et al., 1996). In conjunction with a second subunit, RBX1 (also known as ROC1 or HRT1), the cullin catalyzes polyubiquitin chain for ...
... by Deshaies, 1999; Xiao and Jang, 2000). SCF complexes are multimeric enzymes of at least four subunits built around a member of the cullin family of proteins (Mathias et al., 1996). In conjunction with a second subunit, RBX1 (also known as ROC1 or HRT1), the cullin catalyzes polyubiquitin chain for ...
The phosphopantetheinyl transferases
... published. The work comprehensively described the identication of many PPTases using bioinformatics, the characterization of family II proteins by heterologous expression, purication and biochemical characterization and the clarication of the link between Sfp, EntD and Gsp in natural-product bios ...
... published. The work comprehensively described the identication of many PPTases using bioinformatics, the characterization of family II proteins by heterologous expression, purication and biochemical characterization and the clarication of the link between Sfp, EntD and Gsp in natural-product bios ...
Dissociation of a ll0-kD Peripheral Membrane Protein from the Golgi
... binds to microtubules in vitro (Bloom and Brashear [1989]); and (c) two cytoplasmically oriented peripheral Golgi membrane proteins of 54 and 86 kD recognized by the mAb 6F4C5 (Chicheportiche et al., 1984). In this report we show that the ll0-kD protein dissociates from the Golgi complex within 30 s ...
... binds to microtubules in vitro (Bloom and Brashear [1989]); and (c) two cytoplasmically oriented peripheral Golgi membrane proteins of 54 and 86 kD recognized by the mAb 6F4C5 (Chicheportiche et al., 1984). In this report we show that the ll0-kD protein dissociates from the Golgi complex within 30 s ...
- Free Documents
... both cases it is the gain or loss oI phosphate groups that determines whether the protein is active or inactive. The largest class consists oI proteins that are activated or inactivated by . For these proteins, the switch is thrown in one Chapter phosphorylation discussed in direction by a protein k ...
... both cases it is the gain or loss oI phosphate groups that determines whether the protein is active or inactive. The largest class consists oI proteins that are activated or inactivated by . For these proteins, the switch is thrown in one Chapter phosphorylation discussed in direction by a protein k ...
11/5/2014 Cannabinoids Activate CB Receptors
... Does not have psychoactive properties on its own though antagonizes some effects of THC • Does not have psychoactive properties on its own though antagonizes some effects of THC ‐ antipsychotic ‐ anxiolytic • CB2 inverse agonist, 5‐HT1A agonist, antagonist of putative new CB receptor GRP55 ...
... Does not have psychoactive properties on its own though antagonizes some effects of THC • Does not have psychoactive properties on its own though antagonizes some effects of THC ‐ antipsychotic ‐ anxiolytic • CB2 inverse agonist, 5‐HT1A agonist, antagonist of putative new CB receptor GRP55 ...
Review Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus entry as a
... peplomers [57–62], and, in some cases, also by the haemagglutin–esterase (HE) proteins [4]. S proteins are class I fusion and type 1 transmembrane proteins [63,64]. They consist of a large ectodomain, a transmembrane anchor, and a short cytoplasmic tail. The ectodomain contains distinct N-terminal ( ...
... peplomers [57–62], and, in some cases, also by the haemagglutin–esterase (HE) proteins [4]. S proteins are class I fusion and type 1 transmembrane proteins [63,64]. They consist of a large ectodomain, a transmembrane anchor, and a short cytoplasmic tail. The ectodomain contains distinct N-terminal ( ...
Understanding the acetylome: translating targeted
... duration, and recovery shaping skeletal muscle plasticity. Given the power of physical activity to regulate metabolic health, numerous research groups have focused on the molecular mechanisms that sense, interpret, and translate this contractile signal into postexercise adaptation. While our current ...
... duration, and recovery shaping skeletal muscle plasticity. Given the power of physical activity to regulate metabolic health, numerous research groups have focused on the molecular mechanisms that sense, interpret, and translate this contractile signal into postexercise adaptation. While our current ...
List of abbreviations
... [1,2]. Nowadays, HAIs are, by far, one of the most common complications among hospitalized patients. The World Health Organization (WHO) report published by the United Nation UN in 2011 estimates that out of every 100 hospitalized patients at any given time, 7 in developed and 10 in developing count ...
... [1,2]. Nowadays, HAIs are, by far, one of the most common complications among hospitalized patients. The World Health Organization (WHO) report published by the United Nation UN in 2011 estimates that out of every 100 hospitalized patients at any given time, 7 in developed and 10 in developing count ...
Full Article - PDF - Journal of Biotech Research
... transporters and compared them with that of humans. We highlight differences in both the parasite and human forms and suggest how these differences may offer possibilities for potential antimalarial drug development. ...
... transporters and compared them with that of humans. We highlight differences in both the parasite and human forms and suggest how these differences may offer possibilities for potential antimalarial drug development. ...
G protein–coupled receptor
G protein–coupled receptors (GPCRs), also known as seven-transmembrane domain receptors, 7TM receptors, heptahelical receptors, serpentine receptor, and G protein–linked receptors (GPLR), constitute a large protein family of receptors that sense molecules outside the cell and activate inside signal transduction pathways and, ultimately, cellular responses. Coupling with G proteins, they are called seven-transmembrane receptors because they pass through the cell membrane seven times.G protein–coupled receptors are found only in eukaryotes, including yeast, choanoflagellates, and animals. The ligands that bind and activate these receptors include light-sensitive compounds, odors, pheromones, hormones, and neurotransmitters, and vary in size from small molecules to peptides to large proteins. G protein–coupled receptors are involved in many diseases, and are also the target of approximately 40% of all modern medicinal drugs. Two of the United States's top five selling drugs (Hydrocodone and Lisinopril) act by targeting a G protein–coupled receptor. The 2012 Nobel Prize in Chemistry was awarded to Brian Kobilka and Robert Lefkowitz for their work that was ""crucial for understanding how G protein–coupled receptors function."". There have been at least seven other Nobel Prizes awarded for some aspect of G protein–mediated signaling.There are two principal signal transduction pathways involving the G protein–coupled receptors: the cAMP signal pathway and the phosphatidylinositol signal pathway. When a ligand binds to the GPCR it causes a conformational change in the GPCR, which allows it to act as a guanine nucleotide exchange factor (GEF). The GPCR can then activate an associated G protein by exchanging its bound GDP for a GTP. The G protein's α subunit, together with the bound GTP, can then dissociate from the β and γ subunits to further affect intracellular signaling proteins or target functional proteins directly depending on the α subunit type (Gαs, Gαi/o, Gαq/11, Gα12/13).