Project 2 - University of South Florida
... concomitant utilization of 6 mol of oxygen. The utilization of 1 mol of lactate forms 17.5 ATP with the utilization of 3 mol of oxygen and palmitic acid produces 129 ATP but requires 23 mol of oxygen. ...
... concomitant utilization of 6 mol of oxygen. The utilization of 1 mol of lactate forms 17.5 ATP with the utilization of 3 mol of oxygen and palmitic acid produces 129 ATP but requires 23 mol of oxygen. ...
Type WBLT Name Here Audience and Learning Goals
... LA - Lactic acid: a fatiguing metabolite of the lactic acid system resulting from the incomplete breakdown of glucose. However Noakes in South Africa has discovered that although excessive lactate production is part of the extreme fatigue process, it is the protons produced at the same time that res ...
... LA - Lactic acid: a fatiguing metabolite of the lactic acid system resulting from the incomplete breakdown of glucose. However Noakes in South Africa has discovered that although excessive lactate production is part of the extreme fatigue process, it is the protons produced at the same time that res ...
3. Related Pathways
... Organisms are able to metabolize nutrients other than carbohydrates during times of starvation Once broken down, these monomers are able to feed into various parts of glycolysis or the Krebs cycle (Fig.1, p.117) ...
... Organisms are able to metabolize nutrients other than carbohydrates during times of starvation Once broken down, these monomers are able to feed into various parts of glycolysis or the Krebs cycle (Fig.1, p.117) ...
Cellular Respiration
... converts it to glucose • Cellular respiration is the breakdown of glucose to produce ATP • ATP is useable energy • This process is carried out by plants and every other organism in the ...
... converts it to glucose • Cellular respiration is the breakdown of glucose to produce ATP • ATP is useable energy • This process is carried out by plants and every other organism in the ...
Biomolecule SG_answers
... -- made up of 20 different ___amino acids____ -- transport minerals (hemoglobin carries _oxygen__) -- controls chemical reactions (__enzymes_____) -- produces antibodies – fight germs -- assist in muscle movement ...
... -- made up of 20 different ___amino acids____ -- transport minerals (hemoglobin carries _oxygen__) -- controls chemical reactions (__enzymes_____) -- produces antibodies – fight germs -- assist in muscle movement ...
Recitation 3 - Department of Chemistry ::: CALTECH
... decarboxylated and converted into acetyl-CoA Acetyl-CoA then enters the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, also called Krebs cycle, by condensing with oxaloacetate to form citrate. As the acetyl-CoA goes through this cycle, things are bounced off and things that are bounced off are these high energy ca ...
... decarboxylated and converted into acetyl-CoA Acetyl-CoA then enters the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle, also called Krebs cycle, by condensing with oxaloacetate to form citrate. As the acetyl-CoA goes through this cycle, things are bounced off and things that are bounced off are these high energy ca ...
Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration PPT
... • Occurs in leaves where chloroplasts are abundant ...
... • Occurs in leaves where chloroplasts are abundant ...
Cellular Respiration
... • Examples: plants, algae, some bacteria – Heterotrophs or Consumers • Cannot make their own food • Take in food by eating • Examples: animals, protists, fungi, most bacteria ...
... • Examples: plants, algae, some bacteria – Heterotrophs or Consumers • Cannot make their own food • Take in food by eating • Examples: animals, protists, fungi, most bacteria ...
Biology 190-Fall 2005 ANSWER SHEET
... 4. The first law of thermodynamics states that energy can be neither created nor destroyed. For living organisms, which of the following is an important consequence of the first law? A) The energy content of an organism is constant. B) The organism ultimately must obtain all of the necessary energy ...
... 4. The first law of thermodynamics states that energy can be neither created nor destroyed. For living organisms, which of the following is an important consequence of the first law? A) The energy content of an organism is constant. B) The organism ultimately must obtain all of the necessary energy ...
Questions for Respiration and Photoshyntesis
... 1. What are oxidation/reduction reactions? Chem. rxns that involve a partial or complete transfer of e- from one reactant to another 2. The ETC involves a series of redox reactions in which electrons pass from carrier to carrier down to oxygen the final electron acceptor. 3. What are the three main ...
... 1. What are oxidation/reduction reactions? Chem. rxns that involve a partial or complete transfer of e- from one reactant to another 2. The ETC involves a series of redox reactions in which electrons pass from carrier to carrier down to oxygen the final electron acceptor. 3. What are the three main ...
Samples Ch 10 to 12.tst
... 9) The phosphodiester bond that forms between two adjacent sugars is connected via which two carbons of the sugar molecules? A) 2' and 6' B) 3' and 5' C) 1' and 6' D) 1' and 5' 10) The type of RNA that contains the anticodon for an amino acid is called: A) tRNA B) vRNA C) rRNA ...
... 9) The phosphodiester bond that forms between two adjacent sugars is connected via which two carbons of the sugar molecules? A) 2' and 6' B) 3' and 5' C) 1' and 6' D) 1' and 5' 10) The type of RNA that contains the anticodon for an amino acid is called: A) tRNA B) vRNA C) rRNA ...
Document
... a. CO2 and ATP are released during the process b. A multienzyme complex removes a carboxyl group, transfers electrons to NAD+, and attaches a coenzyme. c. NAD+ is rejuvenated so glycolysis can continue d. Lactate is produced to rejuvenate free NAD+ ___________________________________________________ ...
... a. CO2 and ATP are released during the process b. A multienzyme complex removes a carboxyl group, transfers electrons to NAD+, and attaches a coenzyme. c. NAD+ is rejuvenated so glycolysis can continue d. Lactate is produced to rejuvenate free NAD+ ___________________________________________________ ...
Cellular_Respiration_overviewap
... Remember that for every glucose molecule, the Krebs happens twice, because two acetylCoA’s are produced from one glucose molecule and that ATP generation is via substrate level phosphorylation. Below is the general reaction per one glucose molecule: 2 acetylCoA + 2 oxaloacetate 2 oxaloacetate + 2A ...
... Remember that for every glucose molecule, the Krebs happens twice, because two acetylCoA’s are produced from one glucose molecule and that ATP generation is via substrate level phosphorylation. Below is the general reaction per one glucose molecule: 2 acetylCoA + 2 oxaloacetate 2 oxaloacetate + 2A ...
Energy, enzymes and metabolism
... Covalent bond in which carbon atom has greater share of electron pair Covalent bond in which oxygen atom has greater share of electron pair ...
... Covalent bond in which carbon atom has greater share of electron pair Covalent bond in which oxygen atom has greater share of electron pair ...
Metabolism Objective Project
... 3) In anaerobic respiration, the final electron acceptor is an organic molecule such as pyruvate. In aerobic respiration, it’s oxygen. 4) Anaerobic respiration produces carbon dioxide, ATP, and either lactic acid or ethyl alcohol. Aerobic respiration produces carbon dioxide, water, and ATP 5)Anaerob ...
... 3) In anaerobic respiration, the final electron acceptor is an organic molecule such as pyruvate. In aerobic respiration, it’s oxygen. 4) Anaerobic respiration produces carbon dioxide, ATP, and either lactic acid or ethyl alcohol. Aerobic respiration produces carbon dioxide, water, and ATP 5)Anaerob ...
Unique plant respiration
... • Under anaerobic conditions, pyruvate + NADH converted to lactate or primarily ethanol • Recycles NAD needed to oxidize Glyceraldehyde 3 Phosphate during glycolysis • Less efficient energy production than respiration (2 ATP per glucose) The citric acid cycle ...
... • Under anaerobic conditions, pyruvate + NADH converted to lactate or primarily ethanol • Recycles NAD needed to oxidize Glyceraldehyde 3 Phosphate during glycolysis • Less efficient energy production than respiration (2 ATP per glucose) The citric acid cycle ...
WELCOME BACK - mr. mackay`s website
... • The most important energy system in the human body. • Blood lactate levels remain relatively low. • Primary source of energy (70-95%) for exercise lasting longer than 3 minutes provided that: – Working muscles have sufficient mitochondria to meet energy requirements. – Sufficient oxygen is supplie ...
... • The most important energy system in the human body. • Blood lactate levels remain relatively low. • Primary source of energy (70-95%) for exercise lasting longer than 3 minutes provided that: – Working muscles have sufficient mitochondria to meet energy requirements. – Sufficient oxygen is supplie ...
Ch. 9 Cellular Respiration
... NADH and FADH2 are from Krebs and glycolysis NADH and FADH2 release H to these reactions H is split into H+ and eThe e- move through the carriers to the biggest e- acceptor (moving down hill – releasing potential energy and increasing ...
... NADH and FADH2 are from Krebs and glycolysis NADH and FADH2 release H to these reactions H is split into H+ and eThe e- move through the carriers to the biggest e- acceptor (moving down hill – releasing potential energy and increasing ...
Anaerobic and Aerobic Glycolysis
... Glycolysis produces reduced forms of NAD in the energy generation phase. In an anaerobic environment, lactate dehydrogenase converts pyruvate to L-lactate and restores NADH to NAD+ which can then be used in once again in the glycolysis pathway. ...
... Glycolysis produces reduced forms of NAD in the energy generation phase. In an anaerobic environment, lactate dehydrogenase converts pyruvate to L-lactate and restores NADH to NAD+ which can then be used in once again in the glycolysis pathway. ...
Exam Review two KEY
... 4. What happens to the electrons as they move from Photosystem II to Photosystem I? A. Gains energy along the way. B. Energy stays the same. C. Loses energy, this is why a 2nd input of light is needed in Photosystem I. D. Electrons move from Photosystem I to Photosystem II and lose energy along the ...
... 4. What happens to the electrons as they move from Photosystem II to Photosystem I? A. Gains energy along the way. B. Energy stays the same. C. Loses energy, this is why a 2nd input of light is needed in Photosystem I. D. Electrons move from Photosystem I to Photosystem II and lose energy along the ...
Microbial Metabolism
... activation energy – Number of molecules above this activation level = reaction rate ...
... activation energy – Number of molecules above this activation level = reaction rate ...
Bioenergetics - people.emich.edu
... The Krebs Cycle • pyruvate enters the Krebs from glycolysis • fatty acids also enter the Krebs cycle • together pyruvate and fatty acids drive the Krebs to produce a lot of ATP ...
... The Krebs Cycle • pyruvate enters the Krebs from glycolysis • fatty acids also enter the Krebs cycle • together pyruvate and fatty acids drive the Krebs to produce a lot of ATP ...
Practice Test Chapter 9
... A) activate the enzyme and increase the rates of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle. B) activate the enzyme and thus slow the rates of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle. C) inhibit the enzyme and thus increase the rate of glycolysis and the concentration of citrate. D) inhibit the enzyme and th ...
... A) activate the enzyme and increase the rates of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle. B) activate the enzyme and thus slow the rates of glycolysis and the citric acid cycle. C) inhibit the enzyme and thus increase the rate of glycolysis and the concentration of citrate. D) inhibit the enzyme and th ...
Adenosine triphosphate
Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a nucleoside triphosphate used in cells as a coenzyme often called the ""molecular unit of currency"" of intracellular energy transfer.ATP transports chemical energy within cells for metabolism. It is one of the end products of photophosphorylation, cellular respiration, and fermentation and used by enzymes and structural proteins in many cellular processes, including biosynthetic reactions, motility, and cell division. One molecule of ATP contains three phosphate groups, and it is produced by a wide variety of enzymes, including ATP synthase, from adenosine diphosphate (ADP) or adenosine monophosphate (AMP) and various phosphate group donors. Substrate-level phosphorylation, oxidative phosphorylation in cellular respiration, and photophosphorylation in photosynthesis are three major mechanisms of ATP biosynthesis.Metabolic processes that use ATP as an energy source convert it back into its precursors. ATP is therefore continuously recycled in organisms: the human body, which on average contains only 250 grams (8.8 oz) of ATP, turns over its own body weight equivalent in ATP each day.ATP is used as a substrate in signal transduction pathways by kinases that phosphorylate proteins and lipids. It is also used by adenylate cyclase, which uses ATP to produce the second messenger molecule cyclic AMP. The ratio between ATP and AMP is used as a way for a cell to sense how much energy is available and control the metabolic pathways that produce and consume ATP. Apart from its roles in signaling and energy metabolism, ATP is also incorporated into nucleic acids by polymerases in the process of transcription. ATP is the neurotransmitter believed to signal the sense of taste.The structure of this molecule consists of a purine base (adenine) attached by the 9' nitrogen atom to the 1' carbon atom of a pentose sugar (ribose). Three phosphate groups are attached at the 5' carbon atom of the pentose sugar. It is the addition and removal of these phosphate groups that inter-convert ATP, ADP and AMP. When ATP is used in DNA synthesis, the ribose sugar is first converted to deoxyribose by ribonucleotide reductase.ATP was discovered in 1929 by Karl Lohmann, and independently by Cyrus Fiske and Yellapragada Subbarow of Harvard Medical School, but its correct structure was not determined until some years later. It was proposed to be the intermediary molecule between energy-yielding and energy-requiring reactions in cells by Fritz Albert Lipmann in 1941. It was first artificially synthesized by Alexander Todd in 1948.