![Difference in cytokine production and cell cycle](http://s1.studyres.com/store/data/008916631_1-bb1eded99fe82740a9ffb4bab3837d26-300x300.png)
Difference in cytokine production and cell cycle
... Figure 2 Cytokine expression is differently regulated by LMP1 variants. Cytokines expressed by KMH2-pRT-LMP1 cells (non-induced, WT, del30 and del69) were intracellularly stained and detected by flow-cytometry 24 h after induction of LMP1 expression. The percentages of cells expressing (a) IFN-γ, (b ...
... Figure 2 Cytokine expression is differently regulated by LMP1 variants. Cytokines expressed by KMH2-pRT-LMP1 cells (non-induced, WT, del30 and del69) were intracellularly stained and detected by flow-cytometry 24 h after induction of LMP1 expression. The percentages of cells expressing (a) IFN-γ, (b ...
commonly used mds terms
... A rare and serious condition in which the bone marrow does not make enough blood cells: red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. The term aplastic is a Greek word meaning not to form. Anemia is a condition that happens when the red blood cell count is low. Most scientists believe that apla ...
... A rare and serious condition in which the bone marrow does not make enough blood cells: red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets. The term aplastic is a Greek word meaning not to form. Anemia is a condition that happens when the red blood cell count is low. Most scientists believe that apla ...
Ectopic lymphoid follicles - ORCA
... named according to their site of development (e.g. inducible bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue; iBALT). Whereas SLOs develop during ontogeny, ELFs are ‘induced’ in response to an inflammatory insult within target tissues. This is particularly the case where there is a perceived need for sustained ...
... named according to their site of development (e.g. inducible bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue; iBALT). Whereas SLOs develop during ontogeny, ELFs are ‘induced’ in response to an inflammatory insult within target tissues. This is particularly the case where there is a perceived need for sustained ...
100500 T-Cell Function and Migration
... chemokines (a process called haptotaxis), which may persist at high concentrations in tissues longer than do freely diffusible chemoattractants. Since lymphocytes must be positioned correctly to interact with other cells, the pattern of chemokine receptors and the type and distribution of chemokines ...
... chemokines (a process called haptotaxis), which may persist at high concentrations in tissues longer than do freely diffusible chemoattractants. Since lymphocytes must be positioned correctly to interact with other cells, the pattern of chemokine receptors and the type and distribution of chemokines ...
Zhang Study
... The vertebrate immune system has evolved to become particularly good at protecting an organism from extrinsic pathogens such as bacterial and fungal infections. Today the cutting edge of medicine is trying to manipulate the immune system of cancer patients into attacking their own cancerous cells. T ...
... The vertebrate immune system has evolved to become particularly good at protecting an organism from extrinsic pathogens such as bacterial and fungal infections. Today the cutting edge of medicine is trying to manipulate the immune system of cancer patients into attacking their own cancerous cells. T ...
Systems biology in vaccine design
... a particular disease upon administration to an animal/ human. A vaccine typically contains one or several antigens that resemble a disease-causing microorganism, and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe or its derived antigenic proteins or its toxins + adjuvant. The antigens st ...
... a particular disease upon administration to an animal/ human. A vaccine typically contains one or several antigens that resemble a disease-causing microorganism, and is often made from weakened or killed forms of the microbe or its derived antigenic proteins or its toxins + adjuvant. The antigens st ...
Immune control of mammalian gamma- herpesviruses: lessons from
... control has come from other species, predominantly mice. Unfortunately, viral immune evasion critically affects the host–parasite balance and tends to be host-restricted, making murine infections with human herpesviruses problematic. Equivalent pathogens that behave more normally in mice provide a u ...
... control has come from other species, predominantly mice. Unfortunately, viral immune evasion critically affects the host–parasite balance and tends to be host-restricted, making murine infections with human herpesviruses problematic. Equivalent pathogens that behave more normally in mice provide a u ...
Aplastic anemia (AA) is a bone marrow failure disease, which mainly
... With the continuous improvement of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation technology, HSCT has become the most effective for children with SAA[7-8]. The reconstruction of immune function in children requires a long time after transplantation, which means the recovery of various immune ef ...
... With the continuous improvement of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation technology, HSCT has become the most effective for children with SAA[7-8]. The reconstruction of immune function in children requires a long time after transplantation, which means the recovery of various immune ef ...
Colostrum and the Health of Newborn Kids By Jack Mauldin I have
... The following information came from three goat medical books and I tried to simplify the language and combine it together. I may or may not have succeeded. Antigen is the medical name for a substance that when introduced into the body, stimulates an antibody (a disease fighter). The substances that ...
... The following information came from three goat medical books and I tried to simplify the language and combine it together. I may or may not have succeeded. Antigen is the medical name for a substance that when introduced into the body, stimulates an antibody (a disease fighter). The substances that ...
Immunopathology of Sepsis - American College of Veterinary
... Complement. Complement components play an important role in the clearance of bacteria and we have already discussed opsonization of pathogenic bacteria to improve their eradication. Activated components of the complement cascade are important in several steps in pathogen killing. Complement fragment ...
... Complement. Complement components play an important role in the clearance of bacteria and we have already discussed opsonization of pathogenic bacteria to improve their eradication. Activated components of the complement cascade are important in several steps in pathogen killing. Complement fragment ...
Immune Cell Responses to the Cattle Lungworm, Dictyocaulus
... debris clearance following tissue injury. Although being a part of early, innate responses, most eosinophil activity is controlled by antigen specific activities and eosinophilia is mediated by Th2 cell secreted IL-5 (Anthony et al., 2007). Also, basophils increase in number both in blood and tissue ...
... debris clearance following tissue injury. Although being a part of early, innate responses, most eosinophil activity is controlled by antigen specific activities and eosinophilia is mediated by Th2 cell secreted IL-5 (Anthony et al., 2007). Also, basophils increase in number both in blood and tissue ...
Session 467 Autoimmunity
... a stereotypic profile of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including Interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-17F, Granulocyte macrophage colonystimulating factor (GM-CSF) and IL-22. IL-17A is recognized as the Th17 signature cytokine and IL-17-producing T cells are pathogenic effectors in models of autoimmunity, includi ...
... a stereotypic profile of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including Interleukin (IL)-17A, IL-17F, Granulocyte macrophage colonystimulating factor (GM-CSF) and IL-22. IL-17A is recognized as the Th17 signature cytokine and IL-17-producing T cells are pathogenic effectors in models of autoimmunity, includi ...
Stem cell biology is population biology: differentiation of
... [11] for lymphoid cells). At the same time, when the organism is in a steady state (homeostasis) the HSC system and its products are relatively stable [12]. In addition, the demand is not unlimited; for example, it has been known for a very long time that organismal performance is a peaked function ...
... [11] for lymphoid cells). At the same time, when the organism is in a steady state (homeostasis) the HSC system and its products are relatively stable [12]. In addition, the demand is not unlimited; for example, it has been known for a very long time that organismal performance is a peaked function ...
Lab on a Chip PAPER - Mechanical Engineering
... while conjugating cell-secreted cytokines with assay beads, which enabled in situ cell-secreted cytokine detections with the MIPA device. We used a canonical stimulant, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), to trigger a human immune response that is routinely characterized by cytokine production.17 The detected ...
... while conjugating cell-secreted cytokines with assay beads, which enabled in situ cell-secreted cytokine detections with the MIPA device. We used a canonical stimulant, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), to trigger a human immune response that is routinely characterized by cytokine production.17 The detected ...
Detection of viral genetic material
... DNA Vaccines • Mixtures of plasmids could be used that encode many protein fragments from a virus/viruses so that a broad spectrum vaccine could be produced • The plasmid does not replicate and encodes only the proteins of interest • No protein component so there will be no immune response against ...
... DNA Vaccines • Mixtures of plasmids could be used that encode many protein fragments from a virus/viruses so that a broad spectrum vaccine could be produced • The plasmid does not replicate and encodes only the proteins of interest • No protein component so there will be no immune response against ...
Thioaptamer decoy targeting of AP-1 proteins influences cytokine
... Kerppola, 2001) and can act as negative regulators at AP-1binding sites (Suzuki et al., 1991; Sonobe et al., 1995). The regulation of AP-1 activity is complex and occurs through: (i) changes in jun and fos transcription and mRNA turnover, (ii) Fos and Jun protein turnover, (iii) post-translational m ...
... Kerppola, 2001) and can act as negative regulators at AP-1binding sites (Suzuki et al., 1991; Sonobe et al., 1995). The regulation of AP-1 activity is complex and occurs through: (i) changes in jun and fos transcription and mRNA turnover, (ii) Fos and Jun protein turnover, (iii) post-translational m ...
Differentiation of memory B and T cells
... Immunological memory is a cardinal feature of adaptive immunity, whereby the first encounter with a pathogen is imprinted indelibly into the immune system. Subsequent exposure to the same pathogen then results in accelerated, more robust immune responses that either prevent reinfection or significan ...
... Immunological memory is a cardinal feature of adaptive immunity, whereby the first encounter with a pathogen is imprinted indelibly into the immune system. Subsequent exposure to the same pathogen then results in accelerated, more robust immune responses that either prevent reinfection or significan ...
Entire conference report by Dr Ros Vallings
... (NPY) is involved in the stress reaction with increase in norepinephrine and NPY from the sympathetic nerve endings. In a controlled study, NPY was considerably higher in CFS compared to controls. Use of receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis was described, and this showed discrimination between CF ...
... (NPY) is involved in the stress reaction with increase in norepinephrine and NPY from the sympathetic nerve endings. In a controlled study, NPY was considerably higher in CFS compared to controls. Use of receiver operating curve (ROC) analysis was described, and this showed discrimination between CF ...
HIPV3/EboGP aerosol HIPV3/EboGP IN/IT HPIV3 VRP
... cell responses) and mucosal responses that can be accelerated with a second dose. Aerosolized vaccine confered cross-protection and can protect against viral hemorrhagic fever. Aerosolized vaccine can be easly implemented in case of an outbreak, or during bioterrorism and warfare scenarios. ...
... cell responses) and mucosal responses that can be accelerated with a second dose. Aerosolized vaccine confered cross-protection and can protect against viral hemorrhagic fever. Aerosolized vaccine can be easly implemented in case of an outbreak, or during bioterrorism and warfare scenarios. ...
Rheumatoid arthritis is an autoimmune disease in which the target
... reacting of the two but, because of this speed, it is less advanced or effective [2]. This consists predominantly of phagocytic white blood cells, such as macrophages and neutrophils. Macrophages are initially monocytes that squeeze through gaps in capillary walls to reach an infection site where th ...
... reacting of the two but, because of this speed, it is less advanced or effective [2]. This consists predominantly of phagocytic white blood cells, such as macrophages and neutrophils. Macrophages are initially monocytes that squeeze through gaps in capillary walls to reach an infection site where th ...
Antigen Recognition by T Lymphocytes
... * T-cell and B-cell receptors recognize different antigens * B-cells recognize * Intact protein, carbohydrate and lipid molecules on bugs and soluble ...
... * T-cell and B-cell receptors recognize different antigens * B-cells recognize * Intact protein, carbohydrate and lipid molecules on bugs and soluble ...
Cytoplasmic Hep-2 patterns
... antigen specificity needs to be revealed by techniques other than IIF (ELISA, bead assays, chip assays, immunodiffusion etc). – Some ANA have less clear-cut clinical utility, mainly because only modest efforts have been spent to harmonize their recognition by IIF and study their antigen specificity ...
... antigen specificity needs to be revealed by techniques other than IIF (ELISA, bead assays, chip assays, immunodiffusion etc). – Some ANA have less clear-cut clinical utility, mainly because only modest efforts have been spent to harmonize their recognition by IIF and study their antigen specificity ...
5.2. general texts on biological products
... least 4 weeks between the ages of 12-16 weeks and 16-20 weeks. Test for antibodies to other agents. Tests for antibodies to all agents listed in Table 5.2.2.-1 are performed throughout All samples are collected and tested individually. Blood samples the laying period of the flock. In each 4-week per ...
... least 4 weeks between the ages of 12-16 weeks and 16-20 weeks. Test for antibodies to other agents. Tests for antibodies to all agents listed in Table 5.2.2.-1 are performed throughout All samples are collected and tested individually. Blood samples the laying period of the flock. In each 4-week per ...
Airway smooth muscle cells respond directly to inhaled
... asthma patients’ activated airway smooth muscle cells includes those which attract immune cells into the lung [35, 41, 42, 54–56] and a differently composed extracellular matrix [50–53]. Changes of the extracellular matrix also have significant effects on the differentiation and function of neighbou ...
... asthma patients’ activated airway smooth muscle cells includes those which attract immune cells into the lung [35, 41, 42, 54–56] and a differently composed extracellular matrix [50–53]. Changes of the extracellular matrix also have significant effects on the differentiation and function of neighbou ...
Cancer immunotherapy
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Peptide_bound_to_Rituximab_FAB.png?width=300)
Cancer immunotherapy (immuno-oncology) is the use of the immune system to treat cancer. Immunotherapies fall into three main groups: cellular, antibody and cytokine. They exploit the fact that cancer cells often have subtly different molecules on their surface that can be detected by the immune system. These molecules, known as cancer antigens, are most commonly proteins, but also include molecules such as carbohydrates. Immunotherapy is used to provoke the immune system into attacking the tumor cells by using these antigens as targets.Antibody therapies are the most successful immunotherapy, treating a wide range of cancers. Antibodies are proteins produced by the immune system that bind to a target antigen on the cell surface. In normal physiology the immune system uses them to fight pathogens. Each antibody is specific to one or a few proteins. Those that bind to cancer antigens are used to treat cancer. Cell surface receptors are common targets for antibody therapies and include the CD20, CD274, and CD279. Once bound to a cancer antigen, antibodies can induce antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity, activate the complement system, or prevent a receptor from interacting with its ligand, all of which can lead to cell death. Multiple antibodies are approved to treat cancer, including Alemtuzumab, Ipilimumab, Nivolumab, Ofatumumab, and Rituximab.Cellular therapies, also known as cancer vaccines, usually involve the removal of immune cells from the blood or from a tumor. Immune cells specific for the tumor are activated, cultured and returned to the patient where the immune cells attack the cancer. Cell types that can be used in this way are natural killer cells, lymphokine-activated killer cells, cytotoxic T cells and dendritic cells. The only cell-based therapy approved in the US is Dendreon's Provenge, for the treatment of prostate cancer.Interleukin-2 and interferon-α are examples of cytokines, proteins that regulate and coordinate the behaviour of the immune system. They have the ability to enhance anti-tumor activity and thus can be used as cancer treatments. Interferon-α is used in the treatment of hairy-cell leukaemia, AIDS-related Kaposi's sarcoma, follicular lymphoma, chronic myeloid leukaemia and malignant melanoma. Interleukin-2 is used in the treatment of malignant melanoma and renal cell carcinoma.