CN The Roman World File
... Role of wise policies- The Romans had a talent for ruling other people. Because they wanted people to be loyal to Rants of near Rome. The Romans would grant full citizenship to the inhabitants of Italian cities. People that were far away were granted partial citizenship. The partial can own propert ...
... Role of wise policies- The Romans had a talent for ruling other people. Because they wanted people to be loyal to Rants of near Rome. The Romans would grant full citizenship to the inhabitants of Italian cities. People that were far away were granted partial citizenship. The partial can own propert ...
Why_did_the_Romans_win_the_Second_Punic_War[1]
... those cities which he had originally taken, such as Capua and Tarentum. At the same time, a number of features of the very structure of the Roman state were beginning to turn the tide. First, Rome’s system of universal military service was what had allowed her to continue to put armies into the fiel ...
... those cities which he had originally taken, such as Capua and Tarentum. At the same time, a number of features of the very structure of the Roman state were beginning to turn the tide. First, Rome’s system of universal military service was what had allowed her to continue to put armies into the fiel ...
EuroCamp 2014 ITALY - assoraider
... would carry a pair of sandals with them which they would put on once reached their destination. ...
... would carry a pair of sandals with them which they would put on once reached their destination. ...
Lesson Two: Roman Conquest
... MI: The Romans then conquered the rest of the Med by claiming they were defending themselves Details: ( I have 2) ...
... MI: The Romans then conquered the rest of the Med by claiming they were defending themselves Details: ( I have 2) ...
Abstract
... Army, yet often viewed as necessary to its reputation as an efficient machine of war. In attempting to offer broader explanations for what motivated Romans soldiers to obey or disobey, however, scholars more recently have attempted to identify other aspects of disciplina and their origins, including ...
... Army, yet often viewed as necessary to its reputation as an efficient machine of war. In attempting to offer broader explanations for what motivated Romans soldiers to obey or disobey, however, scholars more recently have attempted to identify other aspects of disciplina and their origins, including ...
Polybian Romans - Aventine Miniatures
... to disorder and the enemy forces. Disordered warriors or phalanx are relatively vulnerable to the sharp gladii of the legionaries. [ Secondly, a Roman legate (legionary commander) never needs to worry about rallying his single hit units; they are either fresh or lost! If they are lost, he need only ...
... to disorder and the enemy forces. Disordered warriors or phalanx are relatively vulnerable to the sharp gladii of the legionaries. [ Secondly, a Roman legate (legionary commander) never needs to worry about rallying his single hit units; they are either fresh or lost! If they are lost, he need only ...
THE ROMAN ARMY
... to take him even if he is a little on the short side… The whole well-being of the Roman state depends on the kinds of recruits you choose.” Vegetius ...
... to take him even if he is a little on the short side… The whole well-being of the Roman state depends on the kinds of recruits you choose.” Vegetius ...
The Early Roman Republic
... In the time of the Republic, the rights of citizenship could be acquired by birth, by naturalization [by petitioning for citizenship of foreign-born], or for a slave, by being freed by his master. Children of a legal marriage enjoyed these rights. Before 445 B.C.E., a legal marriage could be entered ...
... In the time of the Republic, the rights of citizenship could be acquired by birth, by naturalization [by petitioning for citizenship of foreign-born], or for a slave, by being freed by his master. Children of a legal marriage enjoyed these rights. Before 445 B.C.E., a legal marriage could be entered ...
The Early Roman Republic.
... In the time of the Republic, the rights of citizenship could be acquired by birth, by naturalization [by petitioning for citizenship of foreign-born], or for a slave, by being freed by his master. Children of a legal marriage enjoyed these rights. Before 445 B.C.E., a legal marriage could be entered ...
... In the time of the Republic, the rights of citizenship could be acquired by birth, by naturalization [by petitioning for citizenship of foreign-born], or for a slave, by being freed by his master. Children of a legal marriage enjoyed these rights. Before 445 B.C.E., a legal marriage could be entered ...
Warm Up:
... 1. Who were the Plebeians? 2. Who were the Patricians? 3. How does Rome’s government compare to that of Ancient Athens? ...
... 1. Who were the Plebeians? 2. Who were the Patricians? 3. How does Rome’s government compare to that of Ancient Athens? ...
The Roman Army
... army changed dramatically since the formation of the Republic. They were all citizens of Rome who have a fair amount of property and they must be men. They were between the ages of 17 and 46 year old and they must participate at war times (Ramirez).”They would gather in groups called centuries, each ...
... army changed dramatically since the formation of the Republic. They were all citizens of Rome who have a fair amount of property and they must be men. They were between the ages of 17 and 46 year old and they must participate at war times (Ramirez).”They would gather in groups called centuries, each ...
The Roman Army
... He carried a vine stick as a badge of rank. He would use this to punish his men! The horsehair crest on his helmet went from side to side. He wore medals on his chest, awarded for bravery in battle. Centurions could marry, and their wives lived in the barracks with them. They did not march, they rod ...
... He carried a vine stick as a badge of rank. He would use this to punish his men! The horsehair crest on his helmet went from side to side. He wore medals on his chest, awarded for bravery in battle. Centurions could marry, and their wives lived in the barracks with them. They did not march, they rod ...
Chapter 18 Section 1 The Conquest of an Empire
... • During this time the Roman’s were building a navy • A Roman general named Scipio sailed to Carthage with a large army. Then, Hannibal returned home from Italy • Hannibal’s soldiers served a disastrous defeat • A year later, Carthage asked for peace and Rome agreed • Romans remained suspicious of C ...
... • During this time the Roman’s were building a navy • A Roman general named Scipio sailed to Carthage with a large army. Then, Hannibal returned home from Italy • Hannibal’s soldiers served a disastrous defeat • A year later, Carthage asked for peace and Rome agreed • Romans remained suspicious of C ...
The Roman Army in the Era of Julius Caesar
... and invades Armenia in a successful campaign. 73-71 Third Servile War. Spartacus leads a slave rebellion until defeated by Marcus Licinius Crassus; Pompey mops up the last of the rebels. 67 Pompey versus the Pirates. Pompey defeats the pirates in a stunning three-month campaign. 65-61 Pompey marches ...
... and invades Armenia in a successful campaign. 73-71 Third Servile War. Spartacus leads a slave rebellion until defeated by Marcus Licinius Crassus; Pompey mops up the last of the rebels. 67 Pompey versus the Pirates. Pompey defeats the pirates in a stunning three-month campaign. 65-61 Pompey marches ...
Pride time -Get a book and read silently -NO TALKING OR I
... • Each legion was broke into a maniple, which was 60-160 soldiers • Romans adopted war innovations from other people – For example: The gladius or short sword from spain – Maniples were first used by the Samnites, who lived in mountains in central Italy ...
... • Each legion was broke into a maniple, which was 60-160 soldiers • Romans adopted war innovations from other people – For example: The gladius or short sword from spain – Maniples were first used by the Samnites, who lived in mountains in central Italy ...
document
... coastal plain of Latium in central Italy and Campania to the south. The fertility of the land permits the support of a large population. 2. The Po Valley in the north is the most fertile region of Italy. While the Etruscans expanded into the region early on, it did not become Roman territory until l ...
... coastal plain of Latium in central Italy and Campania to the south. The fertility of the land permits the support of a large population. 2. The Po Valley in the north is the most fertile region of Italy. While the Etruscans expanded into the region early on, it did not become Roman territory until l ...
“When in Rome. . .” 510 BC – 476 AD
... (Africa), and all 3 shared Italy Fights broke out b/t men 31 BC – Octavian becomes sole ruler of Rome ...
... (Africa), and all 3 shared Italy Fights broke out b/t men 31 BC – Octavian becomes sole ruler of Rome ...
The Battle at Cannae
... placed heavy legions in the centre row with allied troops on the wings This simple advance tactic did not utilize Rome’s greater numbers, nor did it adapt as the battle lines changed. ...
... placed heavy legions in the centre row with allied troops on the wings This simple advance tactic did not utilize Rome’s greater numbers, nor did it adapt as the battle lines changed. ...
File - Coach Fleenor
... "Remember, Roman, that it is for thee to rule the nations. This shall be thy task, to impose the ways of peace, to spare the vanquished, and to tame the proud by war." The history of Rome is in many ways, the history of its highly successful armies. Between the 2nd century BC and the 1st century AD ...
... "Remember, Roman, that it is for thee to rule the nations. This shall be thy task, to impose the ways of peace, to spare the vanquished, and to tame the proud by war." The history of Rome is in many ways, the history of its highly successful armies. Between the 2nd century BC and the 1st century AD ...
Ancient Rome
... revenge in the Second Punic War 29-year-old Carthaginian General Hannibal’s “surprise” attack through Spain & France ...
... revenge in the Second Punic War 29-year-old Carthaginian General Hannibal’s “surprise” attack through Spain & France ...
Battle of Trebia (218 BC) and Lake Trasimere (217 BC)
... CARTHAGE WON! Carthage has few causalities. Rome had an estimated 20,000. ...
... CARTHAGE WON! Carthage has few causalities. Rome had an estimated 20,000. ...
Chapter 6:ii Expansion and Crisis
... Second Punic War: 221-202 BC In 221 BC, a young Carthiginian general named Hannibal captured a Spanish town that had been allied with Rome. He then took the new war into Italy. Stylin’ and profilin’! ...
... Second Punic War: 221-202 BC In 221 BC, a young Carthiginian general named Hannibal captured a Spanish town that had been allied with Rome. He then took the new war into Italy. Stylin’ and profilin’! ...
The Roman Republic
... 451 B.C., officials carve Roman laws on twelve tablets and hung in Forum. Laws confirm right of all free citizens to protection of the ...
... 451 B.C., officials carve Roman laws on twelve tablets and hung in Forum. Laws confirm right of all free citizens to protection of the ...
Expansion During The Roman Empiere
... Overseas Expansion During the Punic Wars 264-146 B.C.E Expansion During the Final Years of the Republic 145-44 B.C.E ...
... Overseas Expansion During the Punic Wars 264-146 B.C.E Expansion During the Final Years of the Republic 145-44 B.C.E ...
Roman army of the mid-Republic
The Roman army of the mid-Republic (also known as the manipular Roman army or the ""Polybian army""), refers to the armed forces deployed by the mid-Roman Republic, from the end of the Samnite Wars (290 BC) to the end of the Social War (88 BC). The first phase of this army, in its manipular structure (290–ca. 130 BC), is described in detail in the Histories of the ancient Greek historian Polybius, writing before 146 BC. The central feature of the mid-Republican army was the manipular organisation of its battle-line. Instead of a single, large mass (the phalanx) as in the Early Roman army, the Romans now drew up in three lines (triplex acies) consisting of small units (maniples) of 120 men, arrayed in chessboard fashion, giving much greater tactical strength and flexibility. This structure was probably introduced in ca. 300 BC during the Samnite Wars. Also probably dating from this period was the regular accompaniment of each legion by an non-citizen formation of roughly equal size, the ala, recruited from Rome's Italian allies, or socii. The latter were about 150 autonomous states which were bound by a treaty of perpetual military alliance with Rome. Their sole obligation was to supply to the Roman army, on demand, a number of fully equipped troops up to a specified maximum each year. Evidence from Roman army camps near Numantia in Spain suggests that a much larger tactical unit, the cohort (480 men, equivalent to 4 maniples) already existed, alongside maniples, in the period 153-133 BC. By ca. 100 BC, cohorts appear to have fully replaced maniples as the basic tactical unit. The Second Punic War (218–201 BC) saw the addition of a third element to the existing dual Roman/Italian structure: non-Italian mercenaries with specialist skills lacking in the legions and alae: Numidian light cavalry, Cretan archers, and slingers from the Balearic islands. From this time, these units always accompanied Roman armies.The Republican army of this period, like its earlier forebear, did not maintain standing or professional military forces, but levied them, by compulsory conscription, as required for each campaigning season and disbanded thereafter (although formations could be kept in being over winter during major wars). Service in the legions was limited to property-owning Roman citizens, normally those known as iuniores (age 16-46). The army's senior officers, including its commanders-in-chief, the Roman Consuls, were all elected annually at the People's Assembly. Only members of the Roman Order of Knights were eligible to serve as senior officers. Iuniores of the highest social classes (equites and the First Class of commoners) provided the legion's cavalry, the other classes the legionary infantry. The proletarii (the lowest and most numerous social class, assessed at under 400 drachmae wealth in ca. 216 BC) were until ca. 200 BC ineligible for legionary service and were assigned to the fleets as oarsmen. Elders, vagrants, freedmen, slaves and convicts were excluded from the military levy, save in emergencies. During a prolonged such emergency, the Second Punic War, severe manpower shortages necessitated that the property requirement be ignored and large numbers of proletarii conscripted into the legions. After the end of this war, it appears that proletarii were admitted to the legions as volunteers (as opposed to conscripts) and at the same time the property requirement was reduced to a nominal level by 150 BC, and finally scrapped in the consulship of Gaius Marius (107 BC).The legionary cavalry also changed, probably around 300 BC onwards from the light, unarmoured horse of the early army to a heavy force with metal armour (bronze cuirasses, and later, chain-mail shirts). Contrary to a long-held view, the cavalry of the mid-Republic was a highly effective force that generally prevailed against strong enemy cavalry forces (both Gallic and Greek) until it was decisively beaten by the Carthaginian general Hannibal's horsemen during the second Punic War. This was due to Hannibal's greater operational flexibility owing to his Numidian light cavalry.For the vast majority of the period of its existence, the Polybian levy was at war. This led to great strains on Roman and Italian manpower, but forged a superb fighting machine. During the Second Punic War, fully two-thirds of Roman iuniores were under arms continuously. In the period after the defeat of Carthage in 201 BC, the army was campaigning exclusively outside Italy, resulting in its men being away from their home plots of land for many years at a stretch. They were assuaged by the large amounts of booty that they shared after victories in the rich eastern theatre. But in Italy, the ever-increasing concentration of public lands in the hands of big landowners, and the consequent displacement of the soldiers' families, led to great unrest and demands for land redistribution. This was successfully achieved, but resulted in the disaffection of Rome's Italian allies, who as non-citizens were excluded from the redistribution. This led to the mass revolt of the socii and the Social War (91-88 BC). The result was the grant of Roman citizenship to all Italians and the end of the Polybian army's dual structure: the alae were abolished and the socii recruited into the legions. The Roman army of the late Republic (88-30 BC) resulted, a transitional phase to the Imperial Roman army (30 BC - AD 284).