Turing Test Lesson P..
... Topic Description: The question “What makes something intelligent” is addressed by introducing the Turing Test. Students complete various activities that require them to analyze the differences between machines and humans. ...
... Topic Description: The question “What makes something intelligent” is addressed by introducing the Turing Test. Students complete various activities that require them to analyze the differences between machines and humans. ...
PHI375 - Lingnan University
... question of responsibility for machine actions, the topic of emotional attachment between man and artifact, as well as the discussion about the conditions for the personhood of humans and non-humans. 5. Enabling students to question their own conceptions of machine intelligence and personhood in an ...
... question of responsibility for machine actions, the topic of emotional attachment between man and artifact, as well as the discussion about the conditions for the personhood of humans and non-humans. 5. Enabling students to question their own conceptions of machine intelligence and personhood in an ...
The Trouble with the Turing Test
... strong on indignation and weak in citing specific achievements that show why Wilkes was wrong. Hayes does not even mention the Test as a goal for AI workers, but does conclude with a respectful quotation from Turing, thus exemplifying the double attitude toward the master: ignore his specific propos ...
... strong on indignation and weak in citing specific achievements that show why Wilkes was wrong. Hayes does not even mention the Test as a goal for AI workers, but does conclude with a respectful quotation from Turing, thus exemplifying the double attitude toward the master: ignore his specific propos ...
Surviving the AI Hype – Fundamental concepts to understand
... Robotics and expert systems are major branches of that. The other is to use a computer's artificial intelligence to understand how humans think. In a humanoid way. If you test your programs not merely by what they can accomplish, but how they accomplish it, then you're really doing cognitive science ...
... Robotics and expert systems are major branches of that. The other is to use a computer's artificial intelligence to understand how humans think. In a humanoid way. If you test your programs not merely by what they can accomplish, but how they accomplish it, then you're really doing cognitive science ...
Artificial Consciousness: Hazardous Questions (and
... decompose a complex system into simpler subsystems, until at some stage the units can be fully analyzed and described. This method works perfectly for linear systems, where any output can be seen as a sum of simpler components. However, a complex system is often non-linear, thus analyzing its basic ...
... decompose a complex system into simpler subsystems, until at some stage the units can be fully analyzed and described. This method works perfectly for linear systems, where any output can be seen as a sum of simpler components. However, a complex system is often non-linear, thus analyzing its basic ...
harnad95.zombies
... while still preserving all appearances.) This is very much the way I think it will be at the end of the day (or at the end of the road, rather, if we stick to our previous metaphor), when we have reverse-engineered a complete Zombie, functionally equivalent to and functionally indistinguishable fro ...
... while still preserving all appearances.) This is very much the way I think it will be at the end of the day (or at the end of the road, rather, if we stick to our previous metaphor), when we have reverse-engineered a complete Zombie, functionally equivalent to and functionally indistinguishable fro ...
Quality – An Inherent Aspect of Agile Software Development
... necessary condition for machine intelligence Although widely accepted, limiting in determining if a machine is capable of intelligence Turing never claimed passing the is a necessary condition for intelligence In his papers, claims point of test was determine if a computer can “imitate a brain” Can ...
... necessary condition for machine intelligence Although widely accepted, limiting in determining if a machine is capable of intelligence Turing never claimed passing the is a necessary condition for intelligence In his papers, claims point of test was determine if a computer can “imitate a brain” Can ...
Com1005: Machines and Intelligence
... Turing test: how can we decide if something is intelligent? Traditional (symbolic) AI early programs, and knowledge representation and search GPS, microworlds, expert systems Chinese room Functionalists: thought is symbol manipulation Searle and Chinese room – computers can manipulate symbols, but t ...
... Turing test: how can we decide if something is intelligent? Traditional (symbolic) AI early programs, and knowledge representation and search GPS, microworlds, expert systems Chinese room Functionalists: thought is symbol manipulation Searle and Chinese room – computers can manipulate symbols, but t ...
Is Artificial Intelligence Possible? Bachelor of Science Thesis
... Materialism is the theory of materialism holds that the only thing that exists is matter; that all things are composed of material and all phenomena (including consciousness) are the result of material interactions. Biological naturalism is a theory about the relationship between mind and body (i.e. ...
... Materialism is the theory of materialism holds that the only thing that exists is matter; that all things are composed of material and all phenomena (including consciousness) are the result of material interactions. Biological naturalism is a theory about the relationship between mind and body (i.e. ...
The Symbol Grounding Problem Remains Unsolved
... as physicalized symbol systems (or Turing machines, etc.), it follows, forever and unshakably, that SGP is unsolvable; hence T&F would of necessity fail, no matter what they say. While my own view is indeed that CRA is sound, the present paper is composed from the point of view of those, like T&F (a ...
... as physicalized symbol systems (or Turing machines, etc.), it follows, forever and unshakably, that SGP is unsolvable; hence T&F would of necessity fail, no matter what they say. While my own view is indeed that CRA is sound, the present paper is composed from the point of view of those, like T&F (a ...
Douglas Hofstadter - The Minds I Index
... cats, 31; and Turing test, 85 Caulfield, Holder, 406 causal behaviorism. 400, 401 causal powers, 362, 364, 365, 367, 369, 372, 374, 381; and "right stuff," 365-66 causality, I96-97, 343; of brain, 374; closed loop of. 281 cells, 27, 88; activity of, 35; body as colony of,134; first living, 131; phys ...
... cats, 31; and Turing test, 85 Caulfield, Holder, 406 causal behaviorism. 400, 401 causal powers, 362, 364, 365, 367, 369, 372, 374, 381; and "right stuff," 365-66 causality, I96-97, 343; of brain, 374; closed loop of. 281 cells, 27, 88; activity of, 35; body as colony of,134; first living, 131; phys ...
Artificial Intelligence (LISP)
... reduced to the (complex) manipulation of symbols, and that it does not matter what medium is used to manipulate these symbols - it does not have to be a biological brain! This assumption does not go unchallenged among philosophers etc. Some argue that true intelligence can never be achieved by a com ...
... reduced to the (complex) manipulation of symbols, and that it does not matter what medium is used to manipulate these symbols - it does not have to be a biological brain! This assumption does not go unchallenged among philosophers etc. Some argue that true intelligence can never be achieved by a com ...
The Philosophical Foundations of Artificial Intelligence
... This is itself a deep philosophical question, and attempts to systematically answer it fall within the foundations of AI as a rich topic for analysis and debate. Nonetheless, a provisional answer can be given: AI is the field devoted to building artifacts capable of displaying, in controlled, well-u ...
... This is itself a deep philosophical question, and attempts to systematically answer it fall within the foundations of AI as a rich topic for analysis and debate. Nonetheless, a provisional answer can be given: AI is the field devoted to building artifacts capable of displaying, in controlled, well-u ...
Artificial Consciousness: Utopia or Real Possibility?
... ince the beginnings of computer technology, researchers have speculated about the possibility of building smart machines that could compete with human intelligence. Given the current pace of advances in artificial intelligence and neural computing, such an evolution seems to be a more concrete possi ...
... ince the beginnings of computer technology, researchers have speculated about the possibility of building smart machines that could compete with human intelligence. Given the current pace of advances in artificial intelligence and neural computing, such an evolution seems to be a more concrete possi ...
Symbol Grounding and its Implications for Artificial
... human mind has symbols, but it also attaches a meaning (semantics) to its symbols. Thus, a human mind can be said to understand. Searle states that because no amount of syntax will ever produce semantics, there is no way that a computer running a program (which is purely syntactic) will ever be able ...
... human mind has symbols, but it also attaches a meaning (semantics) to its symbols. Thus, a human mind can be said to understand. Searle states that because no amount of syntax will ever produce semantics, there is no way that a computer running a program (which is purely syntactic) will ever be able ...
Meaning in Artificial Agents: The Symbol Grounding Problem
... regarded as reactions, responses to stimuli. Most of the observed behaviour is considered a consequence of an innate stimulus-response mechanism that is available to the individual (Witkowski 2002). Known as the information processing metaphor or computationalism, this framework thinks of the percep ...
... regarded as reactions, responses to stimuli. Most of the observed behaviour is considered a consequence of an innate stimulus-response mechanism that is available to the individual (Witkowski 2002). Known as the information processing metaphor or computationalism, this framework thinks of the percep ...
Wings
... But should all this really count as "intelligent"? The performance of Al systems, like the speed or altitude of aircraft, is not open to dispute, but whether or not one chooses to call ¡t 'intelligent" is determined more by social attitude than by anything objective. When any particular ability is m ...
... But should all this really count as "intelligent"? The performance of Al systems, like the speed or altitude of aircraft, is not open to dispute, but whether or not one chooses to call ¡t 'intelligent" is determined more by social attitude than by anything objective. When any particular ability is m ...
Philosophy of AI: David Chalmers and the Hard
... conscious, but really are not. Imagine a person who behaves perfectly normal, but in fact has no phenomenal states. As the saying goes, “The lights are on but nobody’s home.” Another way to think about it is to ask if God had a choice about consciousness when he created the world.2 Would it have bee ...
... conscious, but really are not. Imagine a person who behaves perfectly normal, but in fact has no phenomenal states. As the saying goes, “The lights are on but nobody’s home.” Another way to think about it is to ask if God had a choice about consciousness when he created the world.2 Would it have bee ...
Examining the Work and Its Later Impact
... re-evaluation and, language and problem-solving, for instance – could in principle be constructed out of these building blocks. Call this the bubble-up theory of mind, and contrast it with the various trickle-down theories of mind, by thinkers from Rene´ Descartes to John Searle (and including, noto ...
... re-evaluation and, language and problem-solving, for instance – could in principle be constructed out of these building blocks. Call this the bubble-up theory of mind, and contrast it with the various trickle-down theories of mind, by thinkers from Rene´ Descartes to John Searle (and including, noto ...
What is Artificial Intelligence? Does taking out the garbage require intelligence?
... 1991 Hugh Loebner offered $100,00 prize to the author of the first computer program to pass the Turing test. " Originally, $2,000 was awarded for the most human-seeming chatterbot in the competition. The prize was $3,000 in 2005 and $2,250 in 2006. In 2008, $3,000 was awarded. In addition, there are ...
... 1991 Hugh Loebner offered $100,00 prize to the author of the first computer program to pass the Turing test. " Originally, $2,000 was awarded for the most human-seeming chatterbot in the competition. The prize was $3,000 in 2005 and $2,250 in 2006. In 2008, $3,000 was awarded. In addition, there are ...
the philosophy of artificial intelligence
... computers have now surpassed that milestone. How much more can we expect computers to be able to achieve in the future? Will computers be able to think? If not, can their outputs at least be indistinguishable from those of human beings? What about consciousness? Will there ever be computers that are ...
... computers have now surpassed that milestone. How much more can we expect computers to be able to achieve in the future? Will computers be able to think? If not, can their outputs at least be indistinguishable from those of human beings? What about consciousness? Will there ever be computers that are ...
Introduction to AI
... o modeling the external world, given input o solving new problems, planning, and making decisions o ability to deal with unexpected problems, uncertainties ...
... o modeling the external world, given input o solving new problems, planning, and making decisions o ability to deal with unexpected problems, uncertainties ...
The Chinese Room Argument
... I demonstrated years ago with the so-called Chinese Room Argument that the implementation of the computer program is not by itself sufficient for consciousness or intentionality (Searle 1980). Computation is defined purely formally or syntactically, whereas minds have actual mental or semantic conte ...
... I demonstrated years ago with the so-called Chinese Room Argument that the implementation of the computer program is not by itself sufficient for consciousness or intentionality (Searle 1980). Computation is defined purely formally or syntactically, whereas minds have actual mental or semantic conte ...
Chinese room
The Chinese room is a thought experiment presented by the philosopher John Searle to challenge the claim that it is possible for a computer running a program to have a ""mind"" and ""consciousness"" in the same sense that people do, simply by virtue of running the right program. The experiment is intended to help refute a philosophical position that Searle named ""strong AI"":""The appropriately programmed computer with the right inputs and outputs would thereby have a mind in exactly the same sense human beings have minds.""To contest this view, Searle writes in his first description of the argument: ""Suppose that I'm locked in a room and ... that I know no Chinese, either written or spoken"". He further supposes that he has a set of rules in English that ""enable me to correlate one set of formal symbols with another set of formal symbols"", that is, the Chinese characters. These rules allow him to respond, in written Chinese, to questions, also written in Chinese, in such a way that the posers of the questions – who do understand Chinese – are convinced that Searle can actually understand the Chinese conversation too, even though he cannot. Similarly, he argues that if there is a computer program that allows a computer to carry on an intelligent conversation in a written language, the computer executing the program would not understand the conversation either.The experiment is the centerpiece of Searle's Chinese room argument which holds that a program cannot give a computer a ""mind"", ""understanding"" or ""consciousness"", regardless of how intelligently it may make it behave. The argument is directed against the philosophical positions of functionalism and computationalism, which hold that the mind may be viewed as an information processing system operating on formal symbols. Although it was originally presented in reaction to the statements of artificial intelligence (AI) researchers, it is not an argument against the goals of AI research, because it does not limit the amount of intelligence a machine can display. The argument applies only to digital computers and does not apply to machines in general. This kind of argument against AI was described by John Haugeland as the ""hollow shell"" argument.Searle's argument first appeared in his paper ""Minds, Brains, and Programs"", published in Behavioral and Brain Sciences in 1980. It has been widely discussed in the years since.