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Introduction to Artificial Intelligence Course Goals
... Mind is spiritual: However, physical changes in mind affect it. Damage to certain areas of brain can change behavior. Dualism: There is a part of mind that lies outside of nature, is not physical. Rene Descartes: first clear discussion of the distinction between mind and matter. A proponent of duali ...
... Mind is spiritual: However, physical changes in mind affect it. Damage to certain areas of brain can change behavior. Dualism: There is a part of mind that lies outside of nature, is not physical. Rene Descartes: first clear discussion of the distinction between mind and matter. A proponent of duali ...
22. Artificial Intelligence
... • Chinese speakers outside the room pass in pieces of paper with Chinese writing. They know these are questions (but you don't). ...
... • Chinese speakers outside the room pass in pieces of paper with Chinese writing. They know these are questions (but you don't). ...
Artificial Intelligence - Computer Science Department at Princeton
... You have English instructions (no translations) that tell you what to write on your output paper in response to various inputs. And then: Chinese speakers outside the room pass in pieces of paper with Chinese writing. They know these are questions (but you don't). You consult your manual of instruct ...
... You have English instructions (no translations) that tell you what to write on your output paper in response to various inputs. And then: Chinese speakers outside the room pass in pieces of paper with Chinese writing. They know these are questions (but you don't). You consult your manual of instruct ...
22. Artificial Intelligence
... • Chinese speakers outside the room pass in pieces of paper with Chinese writing. They know these are questions (but you don't). ...
... • Chinese speakers outside the room pass in pieces of paper with Chinese writing. They know these are questions (but you don't). ...
Artificial Intelligence - Department of Intelligent Systems
... following the instructions of a book or a program, produces other Chinese characters, which it presents as output. Suppose, says Searle, that this computer performs its task so convincingly that it comfortably passes the Turing test, yet there is no understanding in a room. Searle argued that softwa ...
... following the instructions of a book or a program, produces other Chinese characters, which it presents as output. Suppose, says Searle, that this computer performs its task so convincingly that it comfortably passes the Turing test, yet there is no understanding in a room. Searle argued that softwa ...
Artificial Intelligence - Widener University | Computer Science
... • Artificial intelligence (AI) is the field of computer science that seeks to build autonomous machines—machines that can carry out complex tasks without human intervention. • Research in AI is concerned with producing machines to automate tasks requiring intelligent ...
... • Artificial intelligence (AI) is the field of computer science that seeks to build autonomous machines—machines that can carry out complex tasks without human intervention. • Research in AI is concerned with producing machines to automate tasks requiring intelligent ...
Could a machine think? - Alan M. Turing vs. John R. Searle
... 4 The Chinese Room Argument............................................................................................. 8 5 The Systems Reply............................................................................................................ 10 ...
... 4 The Chinese Room Argument............................................................................................. 8 5 The Systems Reply............................................................................................................ 10 ...
What we have learnt in this course
... polynomial time (nc where c is a fixed integer and n is “input size”). Example: Rumor Mill • NP: Decision problems for which a “yes” solution can be verified in polynomial time. ...
... polynomial time (nc where c is a fixed integer and n is “input size”). Example: Rumor Mill • NP: Decision problems for which a “yes” solution can be verified in polynomial time. ...
What we have discussed in this course COS116, Spring 2010 Adam Finkelstein
... polynomial time (nc where c is a fixed integer and n is “input size”). Example: Rumor Mill • NP: Decision problems for which a “yes” solution can be verified in polynomial time. ...
... polynomial time (nc where c is a fixed integer and n is “input size”). Example: Rumor Mill • NP: Decision problems for which a “yes” solution can be verified in polynomial time. ...
Q. What is artificial intelligence?
... Two usual ingredients (for standard AI) Representation – need to represent our knowledge in computer readable form Reasoning – need to be able to manipulate knowledge and derive new knowledge – finding the successful way usually involves search Both of these are hard. ...
... Two usual ingredients (for standard AI) Representation – need to represent our knowledge in computer readable form Reasoning – need to be able to manipulate knowledge and derive new knowledge – finding the successful way usually involves search Both of these are hard. ...
Artificial Intelligence
... The Chinese Room • The American philosopher John Searle has argued strongly against the proponents of strong AI who believe that a computer that behaves sufficiently intelligently could in fact be intelligent and have consciousness, or mental states, in much the same way that a human does. • One exa ...
... The Chinese Room • The American philosopher John Searle has argued strongly against the proponents of strong AI who believe that a computer that behaves sufficiently intelligently could in fact be intelligent and have consciousness, or mental states, in much the same way that a human does. • One exa ...
introduction
... my dad were jogging and I couldn’t help but as a question: “who is smarter, computers or humans?” My dad, with a chuckle, said “naturally humans are, who do you think programs computers in the first place?” I couldn’t quite accept this, it seemed –to methat my simple calculator knew a lot more math ...
... my dad were jogging and I couldn’t help but as a question: “who is smarter, computers or humans?” My dad, with a chuckle, said “naturally humans are, who do you think programs computers in the first place?” I couldn’t quite accept this, it seemed –to methat my simple calculator knew a lot more math ...
The Turing Test Turing`s own objections
... make machines to all the things you have mentioned but you will never be able to make one do X’. eg be kind, resourceful, beautiful, friendly, have initiative, have a sense of humour, tell right from wrong, make mistakes, fall in love, enjoy strawberries and cream, make someone fall in love with it, ...
... make machines to all the things you have mentioned but you will never be able to make one do X’. eg be kind, resourceful, beautiful, friendly, have initiative, have a sense of humour, tell right from wrong, make mistakes, fall in love, enjoy strawberries and cream, make someone fall in love with it, ...
Strong Physical Symbol System hypothesis
... Operator only needs syntax, not semantics Syntax – knowledge of formal properties of symbols and how they can be combined. Semantics – relating symbols to real world. ...
... Operator only needs syntax, not semantics Syntax – knowledge of formal properties of symbols and how they can be combined. Semantics – relating symbols to real world. ...
CPS 570 (Artificial Intelligence at Duke): Introduction
... image from http://www.unc.edu/~prinz/pictures/c-room.gif ...
... image from http://www.unc.edu/~prinz/pictures/c-room.gif ...
Artificial Intelligence
... terms across a range of applications and processes, understanding the questions that humans ask and providing answers that humans can understand and justify. ” – The DeepQA Project! ...
... terms across a range of applications and processes, understanding the questions that humans ask and providing answers that humans can understand and justify. ” – The DeepQA Project! ...
Artificial Intelligence
... Turing's argument is essentially: “If a computer can fool a judge into thinking it is human, we must acknowledge it is able to think like a human” ...
... Turing's argument is essentially: “If a computer can fool a judge into thinking it is human, we must acknowledge it is able to think like a human” ...
group4(Philosophy_of_AI) - Department of Computer Science
... L'Homme Machine (La MMettrie, 1748). We also note that humanity has survived other setbacks to our sense of uniqueness: De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium (Copernicus, 1543) moved the Earth Away from the center of the solar System and Descent of Man (Darwin, 1871) put Homo Sapiens at the same level ...
... L'Homme Machine (La MMettrie, 1748). We also note that humanity has survived other setbacks to our sense of uniqueness: De Revolutionibus Orbium Coelestium (Copernicus, 1543) moved the Earth Away from the center of the solar System and Descent of Man (Darwin, 1871) put Homo Sapiens at the same level ...
Practical applications of Philosophy in Artificial Intelligence Karim
... the same way that the child does not know how to get food. So it might begin by doing any number of things. Perhaps it would turn on its flashlight. This would not help it reach it’s goal so would try something different. Maybe it starts driving towards the goal. The robot would observe that it is a ...
... the same way that the child does not know how to get food. So it might begin by doing any number of things. Perhaps it would turn on its flashlight. This would not help it reach it’s goal so would try something different. Maybe it starts driving towards the goal. The robot would observe that it is a ...
Possibility of True Artificial Intelligence
... divert the efforts of AI researchers - and the considerable monies made available for their support - into avenues other than the computational approach. (Sayre, Three more flaws in the computational model. Paper presented at the ...
... divert the efforts of AI researchers - and the considerable monies made available for their support - into avenues other than the computational approach. (Sayre, Three more flaws in the computational model. Paper presented at the ...
What we have learnt in this course COS116: Instructor Sanjeev Arora 05/04/06
... Examples of Type (b) questions • What is the difference between a virus and a worm? All things being equal, which would tend to propagate faster? • Explain in a couple of lines how the current internet deals with congestion issues. ...
... Examples of Type (b) questions • What is the difference between a virus and a worm? All things being equal, which would tend to propagate faster? • Explain in a couple of lines how the current internet deals with congestion issues. ...
Hans Moravec: Dualism through Reductionism
... Tens of thousands of researchers today, in the field called artificial intelligence, are striving to endow machines with humanlike abilities. They've developed programs that outperform people in many specialized domains. Some solve hard mathematical problems or skillfully pilot ships and planes. Oth ...
... Tens of thousands of researchers today, in the field called artificial intelligence, are striving to endow machines with humanlike abilities. They've developed programs that outperform people in many specialized domains. Some solve hard mathematical problems or skillfully pilot ships and planes. Oth ...
Artificial Intelligence Conway's Game of Life
... • You're alone in a room that has paper slots labeled "input" and "output". • You have a big book of Chinese writing. • You have English instructions (no translations) that tell you what to write on your output paper in response to various inputs. ...
... • You're alone in a room that has paper slots labeled "input" and "output". • You have a big book of Chinese writing. • You have English instructions (no translations) that tell you what to write on your output paper in response to various inputs. ...
Fun, Games, and AI TSP Competition
... commonsense understanding, on its way to fully intelligent machines. ” – Patrick Winston “ Believing that writing these types of programs will bring us closer to real artificial intelligence is like believing that someone climbing a tree is making progress toward reaching the moon. ” – Hubert Dreyfu ...
... commonsense understanding, on its way to fully intelligent machines. ” – Patrick Winston “ Believing that writing these types of programs will bring us closer to real artificial intelligence is like believing that someone climbing a tree is making progress toward reaching the moon. ” – Hubert Dreyfu ...
Artificial Intelligence: Your Phone Is Smart, but Can It Think?
... She remarked that the machine “has no pretensions whatever to originate anything. It can do whatever we know how to order it to perform. It can follow analysis; but it has no power of anticipating any analytical relations or truths” ...
... She remarked that the machine “has no pretensions whatever to originate anything. It can do whatever we know how to order it to perform. It can follow analysis; but it has no power of anticipating any analytical relations or truths” ...
Chinese room
![](https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/ChineseRoom2009_CRset.jpg?width=300)
The Chinese room is a thought experiment presented by the philosopher John Searle to challenge the claim that it is possible for a computer running a program to have a ""mind"" and ""consciousness"" in the same sense that people do, simply by virtue of running the right program. The experiment is intended to help refute a philosophical position that Searle named ""strong AI"":""The appropriately programmed computer with the right inputs and outputs would thereby have a mind in exactly the same sense human beings have minds.""To contest this view, Searle writes in his first description of the argument: ""Suppose that I'm locked in a room and ... that I know no Chinese, either written or spoken"". He further supposes that he has a set of rules in English that ""enable me to correlate one set of formal symbols with another set of formal symbols"", that is, the Chinese characters. These rules allow him to respond, in written Chinese, to questions, also written in Chinese, in such a way that the posers of the questions – who do understand Chinese – are convinced that Searle can actually understand the Chinese conversation too, even though he cannot. Similarly, he argues that if there is a computer program that allows a computer to carry on an intelligent conversation in a written language, the computer executing the program would not understand the conversation either.The experiment is the centerpiece of Searle's Chinese room argument which holds that a program cannot give a computer a ""mind"", ""understanding"" or ""consciousness"", regardless of how intelligently it may make it behave. The argument is directed against the philosophical positions of functionalism and computationalism, which hold that the mind may be viewed as an information processing system operating on formal symbols. Although it was originally presented in reaction to the statements of artificial intelligence (AI) researchers, it is not an argument against the goals of AI research, because it does not limit the amount of intelligence a machine can display. The argument applies only to digital computers and does not apply to machines in general. This kind of argument against AI was described by John Haugeland as the ""hollow shell"" argument.Searle's argument first appeared in his paper ""Minds, Brains, and Programs"", published in Behavioral and Brain Sciences in 1980. It has been widely discussed in the years since.