The Nature of Social Reality - Cambridge Scholars Publishing
... arise and by which they are described and put under debate. The analysis and discussion on language theory, time by time in question (so not necessarily always the same), must be put together within the logical and the epistemological fields from which each single linguistic position comes. In this ...
... arise and by which they are described and put under debate. The analysis and discussion on language theory, time by time in question (so not necessarily always the same), must be put together within the logical and the epistemological fields from which each single linguistic position comes. In this ...
The Turing Test
... whether a participant in a natural-language conversation is a human or a computer. The participant passes the test to the extent that it convinces the interrogator that it is human (even if it is really a computer). (For simplicity, I will usually call the one (or two) participant(s) in a Turing Te ...
... whether a participant in a natural-language conversation is a human or a computer. The participant passes the test to the extent that it convinces the interrogator that it is human (even if it is really a computer). (For simplicity, I will usually call the one (or two) participant(s) in a Turing Te ...
Douglas Hofstadter - The Minds I Further Reading
... and Peter Geach, and the fine recent work by John Perry and David Lewis. Harding's strange ruminations on having no head find an echo in the psychological theories of the late James J. Gibson, whose last book, The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1979), contains ma ...
... and Peter Geach, and the fine recent work by John Perry and David Lewis. Harding's strange ruminations on having no head find an echo in the psychological theories of the late James J. Gibson, whose last book, The Ecological Approach to Visual Perception (Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1979), contains ma ...
Notes - MyWeb
... While Turing all but established the field of computer science with a clever tool that utilized both software and hardware, he constantly turned over the question of how to define this new intelligence he helped birth. In 1950, his paper “Computer Machinery and Intelligence” grapples with this conce ...
... While Turing all but established the field of computer science with a clever tool that utilized both software and hardware, he constantly turned over the question of how to define this new intelligence he helped birth. In 1950, his paper “Computer Machinery and Intelligence” grapples with this conce ...
Document
... sensations that are not yet quantifiable. • The stakes are high: thinking makes us “special.” ...
... sensations that are not yet quantifiable. • The stakes are high: thinking makes us “special.” ...
Lessons from The Turing Test - Cognitive Science Department
... • However, machines sometimes do make mistakes (due to a bug in the program, say) • In fact, it is easy enough to program a machine such that it does give the wrong answer to certain kinds of questions, and so that it does take a long time to give that answer. • Of course, since we don’t want a mach ...
... • However, machines sometimes do make mistakes (due to a bug in the program, say) • In fact, it is easy enough to program a machine such that it does give the wrong answer to certain kinds of questions, and so that it does take a long time to give that answer. • Of course, since we don’t want a mach ...
the turing test
... of a paranoid schizophrenic. in 1980 John Searle proposed that the Turing test cannot be used to determine if a machine can think. this was published in Minds, Brains ...
... of a paranoid schizophrenic. in 1980 John Searle proposed that the Turing test cannot be used to determine if a machine can think. this was published in Minds, Brains ...
Turing Test as a Defining Feature of AI-Completeness
... approach seems to be particularly powerful. The general heuristic of our approach is to see if all information which encodes the question which could be asked during administering of a Turing Test could be encoded as an instance of a problem in question and likewise if any potential solution to that ...
... approach seems to be particularly powerful. The general heuristic of our approach is to see if all information which encodes the question which could be asked during administering of a Turing Test could be encoded as an instance of a problem in question and likewise if any potential solution to that ...
Intelligent Systems
... with one human B and one machine A, each of which tries to appear human. – All participants are placed in isolated locations. – If the judge C cannot reliably tell the machine A from the human B, the machine is said to have passed the test. – In order to test the machine's intelligence rather than i ...
... with one human B and one machine A, each of which tries to appear human. – All participants are placed in isolated locations. – If the judge C cannot reliably tell the machine A from the human B, the machine is said to have passed the test. – In order to test the machine's intelligence rather than i ...
Intelligent Systems
... with one human B and one machine A, each of which tries to appear human. – All participants are placed in isolated locations. – If the judge C cannot reliably tell the machine A from the human B, the machine is said to have passed the test. – In order to test the machine's intelligence rather than i ...
... with one human B and one machine A, each of which tries to appear human. – All participants are placed in isolated locations. – If the judge C cannot reliably tell the machine A from the human B, the machine is said to have passed the test. – In order to test the machine's intelligence rather than i ...
Intelligent Systems - Teaching-WIKI
... with one human B and one machine A, each of which tries to appear human. – All participants are placed in isolated locations. – If the judge C cannot reliably tell the machine A from the human B, the machine is said to have passed the test. – In order to test the machine's intelligence rather than i ...
... with one human B and one machine A, each of which tries to appear human. – All participants are placed in isolated locations. – If the judge C cannot reliably tell the machine A from the human B, the machine is said to have passed the test. – In order to test the machine's intelligence rather than i ...
PowerPoint Presentation - Artificial Intelligence
... level (at least) equal to humans and possibly even be conscious of themselves ...
... level (at least) equal to humans and possibly even be conscious of themselves ...
1.6 MB PPT - Maurice Samulski
... Unlikely that humans generate truly random numbers. Perhaps we have sophisticated pseudorandom number generation algorithms, but it is not obvious that we have the ability to generate truly ...
... Unlikely that humans generate truly random numbers. Perhaps we have sophisticated pseudorandom number generation algorithms, but it is not obvious that we have the ability to generate truly ...
Intelligent Systems
... with one human B and one machine A, each of which tries to appear human. – All participants are placed in isolated locations. – If the judge C cannot reliably tell the machine A from the human B, the machine is said to have passed the test. – In order to test the machine's intelligence rather than i ...
... with one human B and one machine A, each of which tries to appear human. – All participants are placed in isolated locations. – If the judge C cannot reliably tell the machine A from the human B, the machine is said to have passed the test. – In order to test the machine's intelligence rather than i ...
History of Artificial Intelligence
... research project on artificial intelligence”. From that point on, because of McCarthy, the field would be known as Artificial Intelligence. Although not a huge success, the Dartmouth conference did bring together the founders in artificial intelligence, and served to lay the groundwork for the futur ...
... research project on artificial intelligence”. From that point on, because of McCarthy, the field would be known as Artificial Intelligence. Although not a huge success, the Dartmouth conference did bring together the founders in artificial intelligence, and served to lay the groundwork for the futur ...
Lessons from The Turing Test
... • If Turing wanted to defend the possibility of machine intelligence, why even bring up such a sloppy test at all? • Indeed: • What was the point of Turing’s paper?!? ...
... • If Turing wanted to defend the possibility of machine intelligence, why even bring up such a sloppy test at all? • Indeed: • What was the point of Turing’s paper?!? ...
ppt - CSE, IIT Bombay
... Varied definitions of intelligence, AI Not much consensus among experts on how to determine or measure it Numerous attempts made to define and measurescientists,philosophers, engineers One such attempt, TT quite popular and proved with slight weakening to be sufficient for intelligence. AI has influ ...
... Varied definitions of intelligence, AI Not much consensus among experts on how to determine or measure it Numerous attempts made to define and measurescientists,philosophers, engineers One such attempt, TT quite popular and proved with slight weakening to be sufficient for intelligence. AI has influ ...
Brand-turing_short
... Universal social machines? Manuella Veloso: Universal robots? Ron Brachman (description logic; AI; VP Yahoo! Labs): If intelligence is like athleticism in that there is no single sport metric, what is our aim? ...
... Universal social machines? Manuella Veloso: Universal robots? Ron Brachman (description logic; AI; VP Yahoo! Labs): If intelligence is like athleticism in that there is no single sport metric, what is our aim? ...
Turing*s Legacy - Cognitive Science Department
... • Better questions to ask are: What, if anything, can we learn from Turing’s paper? What would be a fruitful interpretation of his paper? • Well, there are many interesting parts of the paper, especially in Turing’s responses to the ‘Contrary Views’. • I also believe that seeing Turing’s paper as la ...
... • Better questions to ask are: What, if anything, can we learn from Turing’s paper? What would be a fruitful interpretation of his paper? • Well, there are many interesting parts of the paper, especially in Turing’s responses to the ‘Contrary Views’. • I also believe that seeing Turing’s paper as la ...
TuringLegacy2012 - Cognitive Science Department
... • So what did Turing really mean? Taken literally, this is an issue of history, not philosophy. • A better question to ask is: What, if anything, can we learn from Turing’s paper? • Well, there are many interesting parts of the paper, especially in Turing’s responses to the ‘Contrary Views’. • But I ...
... • So what did Turing really mean? Taken literally, this is an issue of history, not philosophy. • A better question to ask is: What, if anything, can we learn from Turing’s paper? • Well, there are many interesting parts of the paper, especially in Turing’s responses to the ‘Contrary Views’. • But I ...
BRAIN-INSPIRED CONSCIOUS COMPUTING ARCHITECTURE
... learning of skills, when conscious information processing is replaced by subconscious, is elucidated. Arguments confirming that phenomenal experience is a result of cognitive processes are presented. Possible philosophical objections based on the ...
... learning of skills, when conscious information processing is replaced by subconscious, is elucidated. Arguments confirming that phenomenal experience is a result of cognitive processes are presented. Possible philosophical objections based on the ...
Here`s a short piece on AI consciousness for the
... If the chemical differences between carbon and silicon impact life itself, we should not rule out the possibility that these chemical differences could also impact whether silicon gives rise to consciousness, even if they do not hinder silicon’s ability to process information in a superior manner ...
... If the chemical differences between carbon and silicon impact life itself, we should not rule out the possibility that these chemical differences could also impact whether silicon gives rise to consciousness, even if they do not hinder silicon’s ability to process information in a superior manner ...
Editorial: Alan Turing and Artificial Intelligence
... ? Towards the end of his elegant little book, Hodges (1977: 252) makes a proposal for an intelligent robot: [L]et us imagine ourselves constructing a robot who is to behave exactly like a human being. Being a robot, he does exactly what his internal instructions (known as his programs) tell him to d ...
... ? Towards the end of his elegant little book, Hodges (1977: 252) makes a proposal for an intelligent robot: [L]et us imagine ourselves constructing a robot who is to behave exactly like a human being. Being a robot, he does exactly what his internal instructions (known as his programs) tell him to d ...
Chinese room
The Chinese room is a thought experiment presented by the philosopher John Searle to challenge the claim that it is possible for a computer running a program to have a ""mind"" and ""consciousness"" in the same sense that people do, simply by virtue of running the right program. The experiment is intended to help refute a philosophical position that Searle named ""strong AI"":""The appropriately programmed computer with the right inputs and outputs would thereby have a mind in exactly the same sense human beings have minds.""To contest this view, Searle writes in his first description of the argument: ""Suppose that I'm locked in a room and ... that I know no Chinese, either written or spoken"". He further supposes that he has a set of rules in English that ""enable me to correlate one set of formal symbols with another set of formal symbols"", that is, the Chinese characters. These rules allow him to respond, in written Chinese, to questions, also written in Chinese, in such a way that the posers of the questions – who do understand Chinese – are convinced that Searle can actually understand the Chinese conversation too, even though he cannot. Similarly, he argues that if there is a computer program that allows a computer to carry on an intelligent conversation in a written language, the computer executing the program would not understand the conversation either.The experiment is the centerpiece of Searle's Chinese room argument which holds that a program cannot give a computer a ""mind"", ""understanding"" or ""consciousness"", regardless of how intelligently it may make it behave. The argument is directed against the philosophical positions of functionalism and computationalism, which hold that the mind may be viewed as an information processing system operating on formal symbols. Although it was originally presented in reaction to the statements of artificial intelligence (AI) researchers, it is not an argument against the goals of AI research, because it does not limit the amount of intelligence a machine can display. The argument applies only to digital computers and does not apply to machines in general. This kind of argument against AI was described by John Haugeland as the ""hollow shell"" argument.Searle's argument first appeared in his paper ""Minds, Brains, and Programs"", published in Behavioral and Brain Sciences in 1980. It has been widely discussed in the years since.