a curated database for protein phosphorylation sites in prokaryotes
... its critical roles in various cellular processes such as signal transduction. Thus, an integrative data resource of the prokaryotic phosphorylation will be useful for further analysis. In this study, we presented a curated database of phosphorylation sites in prokaryotes (dbPSP, Database URL: http:/ ...
... its critical roles in various cellular processes such as signal transduction. Thus, an integrative data resource of the prokaryotic phosphorylation will be useful for further analysis. In this study, we presented a curated database of phosphorylation sites in prokaryotes (dbPSP, Database URL: http:/ ...
Properties of a newly characterized protein of the bovine - K-REx
... Reaction of affinity-purified mouse anti-protein X and mouse anti-transacetylase antibodies with the subunits and polypeptides prepared from the kidney or heart pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and with the kidney a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex ...
... Reaction of affinity-purified mouse anti-protein X and mouse anti-transacetylase antibodies with the subunits and polypeptides prepared from the kidney or heart pyruvate dehydrogenase complex and with the kidney a-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex ...
Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate Signaling Pathway
... vasculature, the cellular or molecular mechanisms underlying these beneficial effects is still unknown. A recent study suggests that genistein-induced vascular relaxation may be at least partially mediated by the cAMPdependent mechanisms (26). Other reports demonstrate that genistein may increase cA ...
... vasculature, the cellular or molecular mechanisms underlying these beneficial effects is still unknown. A recent study suggests that genistein-induced vascular relaxation may be at least partially mediated by the cAMPdependent mechanisms (26). Other reports demonstrate that genistein may increase cA ...
The Effect of Arsenic on Liver Tissue of Experimental Animals
... accumulates in the liver tissue to toxic levels and cause changes in the activities of several liver enzymes and cellular damage. Enzymes like aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase are found predominantly in liver tissue and cellular damage as a result of arsenic exposure releases ...
... accumulates in the liver tissue to toxic levels and cause changes in the activities of several liver enzymes and cellular damage. Enzymes like aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase are found predominantly in liver tissue and cellular damage as a result of arsenic exposure releases ...
Treatment of patients with non-Hodgkin lymphoma and lactic acidosis
... In the mitochondrion ADP is transposed to ATP by ATP synthase and adenine nucleotide transporter transports ATP to the voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC). This binds hexokinase II, that phosphorylates glucose into glucose-6-phosphate by the use of ATP. This can be used for the pentose phosphate ...
... In the mitochondrion ADP is transposed to ATP by ATP synthase and adenine nucleotide transporter transports ATP to the voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC). This binds hexokinase II, that phosphorylates glucose into glucose-6-phosphate by the use of ATP. This can be used for the pentose phosphate ...
Vitamin C
... • The reduction potential of ascorbate is such that it readily donates electrons/hydrogen ions to regenerate other antioxidants, such as vitamin E, glutathione, and uric acid, and to reduce numerous reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS). • Ascorbic acid interact with oxidants in the aqueo ...
... • The reduction potential of ascorbate is such that it readily donates electrons/hydrogen ions to regenerate other antioxidants, such as vitamin E, glutathione, and uric acid, and to reduce numerous reactive oxygen (ROS) and nitrogen species (RNS). • Ascorbic acid interact with oxidants in the aqueo ...
(1) Giycophorin was incorporated into large
... suits of these experiments are summarized in Table I. Comparison of the permeability data of the glycophorin-containing vesicles with the pure lipid vesicles, clearly shows that incorporation of glycophorin induces a largely increased permeability for glucose as well as for raffinose. This confirms ...
... suits of these experiments are summarized in Table I. Comparison of the permeability data of the glycophorin-containing vesicles with the pure lipid vesicles, clearly shows that incorporation of glycophorin induces a largely increased permeability for glucose as well as for raffinose. This confirms ...
Subtype-Specific Sorting of the ETA Endothelin Receptor by a Novel
... nitric-oxide synthase reported to function as an internal PDZ (postsynaptic density-95/disc-large/zona occludens) domainbinding ligand. Based on these findings, the three-dimensional ...
... nitric-oxide synthase reported to function as an internal PDZ (postsynaptic density-95/disc-large/zona occludens) domainbinding ligand. Based on these findings, the three-dimensional ...
Life Inside a Microtubule
... In mammals, proteomic analyses have revealed that multiple kinases phosphorylate actin and vary by cell type, disease conditions, and external stimuli. Unfortunately, many of the studies are correlational and do not report a direct relationship between a given kinase and actin phosphorylation1. For ...
... In mammals, proteomic analyses have revealed that multiple kinases phosphorylate actin and vary by cell type, disease conditions, and external stimuli. Unfortunately, many of the studies are correlational and do not report a direct relationship between a given kinase and actin phosphorylation1. For ...
phosphorylation. synthesis via the mechanism of substrate level
... A mutant of Methanosarcina barkeri (Fusaro) is able to grow on pyruvate as the sole carbon and energy source. During growth, pyruvate is converted to CH4 and CO2, and about 1.5 mol of ATP per mol of CH4 is formed (A.-K. Bock, A. Prieger-Kraft, and P. Schönheit, Arch. Microbiol. 161:33–46, 1994). Th ...
... A mutant of Methanosarcina barkeri (Fusaro) is able to grow on pyruvate as the sole carbon and energy source. During growth, pyruvate is converted to CH4 and CO2, and about 1.5 mol of ATP per mol of CH4 is formed (A.-K. Bock, A. Prieger-Kraft, and P. Schönheit, Arch. Microbiol. 161:33–46, 1994). Th ...
Melatonin, mitochondria, and Ca2+ homeostasis in the exocrine
... sustained decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, resulting in reduced cellular ATP and increased cell death (Shalbueva et al., 2013). Finally, in addition to energy supply, mitochondria oxidative stress induced posttranslational histone modifications, promoter DNA methylation, and impairment ...
... sustained decrease in mitochondrial membrane potential, resulting in reduced cellular ATP and increased cell death (Shalbueva et al., 2013). Finally, in addition to energy supply, mitochondria oxidative stress induced posttranslational histone modifications, promoter DNA methylation, and impairment ...
Some Structural and Kinetic Aspects of L
... N-terminal end of its subunit. Thus, the kinetic properties of types L and M1 are quite different: in the case of L-type affinity for substrate PEP is about 10 times less and affinity for inhibitor ATP is higher than these parameters of M1 type (Tanaka et al., 1967). The second substrate of PK react ...
... N-terminal end of its subunit. Thus, the kinetic properties of types L and M1 are quite different: in the case of L-type affinity for substrate PEP is about 10 times less and affinity for inhibitor ATP is higher than these parameters of M1 type (Tanaka et al., 1967). The second substrate of PK react ...
Lipids- Structure and Metabolism
... These are absorbed along with the digestive products of the triglycerides. Phospholipids are resynthesised in the intestinal mucosa and form part of the chylomicrons. Cholesterol is absorbed in the free form. The cholesterol esters are hydrolysed by cholesterol esterase secreted in the pancreatic ju ...
... These are absorbed along with the digestive products of the triglycerides. Phospholipids are resynthesised in the intestinal mucosa and form part of the chylomicrons. Cholesterol is absorbed in the free form. The cholesterol esters are hydrolysed by cholesterol esterase secreted in the pancreatic ju ...
Glucose-Fatty Acid Interaction in Skeletal Muscle and Adipose
... Insulin resistance (IR) is the result of long-lasting positive energy balance and the imbalance between the uptake of energy rich substrates (glucose, lipids) and energy output. The defects in the metabolism of glucose in IR and type 2 diabetes are closely associated with the disturbances in the met ...
... Insulin resistance (IR) is the result of long-lasting positive energy balance and the imbalance between the uptake of energy rich substrates (glucose, lipids) and energy output. The defects in the metabolism of glucose in IR and type 2 diabetes are closely associated with the disturbances in the met ...
Glycogen Earth organisms use three major forms of - Rose
... bonds (note that many humans lose the ability to express lactase after the age of about five); in contrast, animals cannot cleave b-glucoside bonds. Complete lack of the ability to metabolize galactose has severely deleterious consequences, some of which can be alleviated by avoiding dietary galacto ...
... bonds (note that many humans lose the ability to express lactase after the age of about five); in contrast, animals cannot cleave b-glucoside bonds. Complete lack of the ability to metabolize galactose has severely deleterious consequences, some of which can be alleviated by avoiding dietary galacto ...
Protein O-linked β-N-acetylglucosamine
... in the ER and Golgi; however, in 1984 a novel glycosylation modification was first reported in which a single β-N-acetyl-glucosamine moiety was attached via an O-linkage to serine (Ser) and threonine (Thr) residues of cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins [2]. This modification, now commonly known as O-GlcN ...
... in the ER and Golgi; however, in 1984 a novel glycosylation modification was first reported in which a single β-N-acetyl-glucosamine moiety was attached via an O-linkage to serine (Ser) and threonine (Thr) residues of cytoplasmic and nuclear proteins [2]. This modification, now commonly known as O-GlcN ...
Effect of Ca on H -ATPase activity of plasma membrane in
... pump that directly couples ATP hydrolysis with the vectorial transport of H into the appolast. The electrochemical proton gradient acts as a driving force for the secondary transport of ions and nutrients into and out of cell. It also controls some major physiological-biochemical process, e.g. gro ...
... pump that directly couples ATP hydrolysis with the vectorial transport of H into the appolast. The electrochemical proton gradient acts as a driving force for the secondary transport of ions and nutrients into and out of cell. It also controls some major physiological-biochemical process, e.g. gro ...
Quality of Lipids in Fish Fed Vegetable Oils
... 2000). Pacu has semi-lean meat and, like carp, stores most of its fat as adipose tissue in the abdominal wall (Mráz & Pickova, 2009). These fish have also evolved different strategies for metabolic response to xenobiotic compounds (van der Oost et al., 2003) It is well known that n-3 fatty acids, pa ...
... 2000). Pacu has semi-lean meat and, like carp, stores most of its fat as adipose tissue in the abdominal wall (Mráz & Pickova, 2009). These fish have also evolved different strategies for metabolic response to xenobiotic compounds (van der Oost et al., 2003) It is well known that n-3 fatty acids, pa ...
Oxidation of fatty acids in eukaryotes
... Fatty acids are transported between organs either as unesterified fatty acids complexed to serum albumin or in the form of triacylglycerols associated with lipoproteins. Triacylglycerols are hydrolyzed outside of cells by lipoprotein lipase to yield free fatty acids. The mechanism by which free fatt ...
... Fatty acids are transported between organs either as unesterified fatty acids complexed to serum albumin or in the form of triacylglycerols associated with lipoproteins. Triacylglycerols are hydrolyzed outside of cells by lipoprotein lipase to yield free fatty acids. The mechanism by which free fatt ...
Natural cannabinoids: Templates for drug discovery
... about the biosynthesis of olivetolic acid (12), its chemical structure suggests a biosynthetic route involving cyclization of a polyketide compound 11 (Raharjo et al., 2004a,b,c). This polyketide is formed by condensation of one molecule of nhexanoyl-CoA (9) with three molecules of malonyl-CoA (10) ...
... about the biosynthesis of olivetolic acid (12), its chemical structure suggests a biosynthetic route involving cyclization of a polyketide compound 11 (Raharjo et al., 2004a,b,c). This polyketide is formed by condensation of one molecule of nhexanoyl-CoA (9) with three molecules of malonyl-CoA (10) ...
Life in the slow lane: molecular mechanisms of estivation
... The biochemical mechanism(s) used for metabolic suppression in estivation need to be powerful yet easily reversible to allow a quick return to normal metabolism during arousal. Indeed, estivators return to active life with great speed. Spadefoot toads are instantly alert even when they are dug out o ...
... The biochemical mechanism(s) used for metabolic suppression in estivation need to be powerful yet easily reversible to allow a quick return to normal metabolism during arousal. Indeed, estivators return to active life with great speed. Spadefoot toads are instantly alert even when they are dug out o ...
Nutrition, Anabolism, and the Wound Healing Process: An Overview
... immune functions are also proteins. Skin is composed primarily of the protein collagen. Protein synthesis is essential for any tissue repair. Therefore, LBM is highly metabolically active and necessary for survival. There are only 40,000 calories in the LBM compartment in a 70-kg individual; each gr ...
... immune functions are also proteins. Skin is composed primarily of the protein collagen. Protein synthesis is essential for any tissue repair. Therefore, LBM is highly metabolically active and necessary for survival. There are only 40,000 calories in the LBM compartment in a 70-kg individual; each gr ...
Lipid signaling
Lipid signaling, broadly defined, refers to any biological signaling event involving a lipid messenger that binds a protein target, such as a receptor, kinase or phosphatase, which in turn mediate the effects of these lipids on specific cellular responses. Lipid signaling is thought to be qualitatively different from other classical signaling paradigms (such as monoamine neurotransmission) because lipids can freely diffuse through membranes (see osmosis.) One consequence of this is that lipid messengers cannot be stored in vesicles prior to release and so are often biosynthesized ""on demand"" at their intended site of action. As such, many lipid signaling molecules cannot circulate freely in solution but, rather, exist bound to special carrier proteins in serum.