Membrane transporters in a human genome
... Membrane transporters mediate the transport of solutes across cell and organelle membranes. Transport processes can generate concentration gradients (e.g., active transport process) and membrane potentials (i.e., electrochemical gradient), and they contribute to the regulation of biochemical pathway ...
... Membrane transporters mediate the transport of solutes across cell and organelle membranes. Transport processes can generate concentration gradients (e.g., active transport process) and membrane potentials (i.e., electrochemical gradient), and they contribute to the regulation of biochemical pathway ...
Beta-Cell Function and Failure in Type 1 Diabetes
... channels. Na+ and Ca2+ entry further depolarizes the membrane and L-type and maybe other voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCC) open. This activation increases intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i), which leads to fusion of insulin-containing secretory granules with the plasma membrane and the first phase ...
... channels. Na+ and Ca2+ entry further depolarizes the membrane and L-type and maybe other voltage-dependent calcium channels (VDCC) open. This activation increases intracellular Ca2+ ([Ca2+]i), which leads to fusion of insulin-containing secretory granules with the plasma membrane and the first phase ...
Propionate metabolism in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
... of propionate metabolism, were negligible. In contrast, activities of 2methylcitrate synthase, a key enzyme activity of the 2-methylcitrate pathway of propionate metabolism, increased substantially with increasing propionateto-glucose ratios in the reservoir media, and were sufficient to account for ...
... of propionate metabolism, were negligible. In contrast, activities of 2methylcitrate synthase, a key enzyme activity of the 2-methylcitrate pathway of propionate metabolism, increased substantially with increasing propionateto-glucose ratios in the reservoir media, and were sufficient to account for ...
biosynthesis of fatty acids - Academic Research Collections
... has to be acknowledged that I owe much to many people, who I will not able to thank individually. Yet, I feel that I need to put on r ecord my sincere gratitude to the following people for their guidance, help and assistance. The seed for the preparation of this te xtbook was sown i n m y mind by on ...
... has to be acknowledged that I owe much to many people, who I will not able to thank individually. Yet, I feel that I need to put on r ecord my sincere gratitude to the following people for their guidance, help and assistance. The seed for the preparation of this te xtbook was sown i n m y mind by on ...
Metabolic Engineering for Production of Complex Lipids in Tobacco
... constituents of primary food and feed. Plants are also used for non-food materials with applications in creation of renewable and sustainable compounds that are not naturally produced. In addition to plants, humans depend heavily on unsustainable fossil raw materials such as petroleum to meet the en ...
... constituents of primary food and feed. Plants are also used for non-food materials with applications in creation of renewable and sustainable compounds that are not naturally produced. In addition to plants, humans depend heavily on unsustainable fossil raw materials such as petroleum to meet the en ...
Modular organization of cardiac energy metabolism: energy
... heart mass itself (Saks et al. 2012). An explanation of this remarkable heart energy homoeostasis can be found in the subtle mechanisms of cardiac energy metabolic regulation, including intracellular metabolite channelling through coupled reactions, Ca2+/Mg2+ and AMP signalling and metabolic microco ...
... heart mass itself (Saks et al. 2012). An explanation of this remarkable heart energy homoeostasis can be found in the subtle mechanisms of cardiac energy metabolic regulation, including intracellular metabolite channelling through coupled reactions, Ca2+/Mg2+ and AMP signalling and metabolic microco ...
Are there errors in glycogen biosynthesis and is laforin a repair
... connection with a neurological disorder called Lafora disease, a fatal progressive myoclonus epilepsy with typical onset in the teenage years [24–27]. Roughly half of the cases of Lafora disease result from mutations in the EPM2A gene. A characteristic of Lafora disease is the presence of insoluble ...
... connection with a neurological disorder called Lafora disease, a fatal progressive myoclonus epilepsy with typical onset in the teenage years [24–27]. Roughly half of the cases of Lafora disease result from mutations in the EPM2A gene. A characteristic of Lafora disease is the presence of insoluble ...
Chapter 3 Physiology of Adrenal Steroids Regulation of Aldosterone
... Note that the localizations are not entirely consistent with the names of the peptides; the names (which could also be considered to correspond to the A, B, and C types of NP) are related to the tissues in which the peptides were discovered. The NPs are thought to bind at least one and probably more ...
... Note that the localizations are not entirely consistent with the names of the peptides; the names (which could also be considered to correspond to the A, B, and C types of NP) are related to the tissues in which the peptides were discovered. The NPs are thought to bind at least one and probably more ...
The change from lipid to carbohydrate during the respiratory rise in
... respiratory COs from potato discs in successive periods through 94 hr from the time of cutting--an interval in which the respiration rate rises 3-5-fold. The 18C/XSC ratio of the evolved COs was determined for each period, and compared with the 13C/ISC ratios of the major tissue metabolites. In the ...
... respiratory COs from potato discs in successive periods through 94 hr from the time of cutting--an interval in which the respiration rate rises 3-5-fold. The 18C/XSC ratio of the evolved COs was determined for each period, and compared with the 13C/ISC ratios of the major tissue metabolites. In the ...
Specific features of glycogen metabolism in the liver
... phosphorylation of Ser"% by phosphorylase kinase (Scheme 2). In addition, the muscle and brain isoenzymes are also allosterically activated by AMP and inhibited by glucose 6-phosphate, which enables these isoenzymes to sense and respond to an intracellular need for energy. The liver enzyme, on the o ...
... phosphorylation of Ser"% by phosphorylase kinase (Scheme 2). In addition, the muscle and brain isoenzymes are also allosterically activated by AMP and inhibited by glucose 6-phosphate, which enables these isoenzymes to sense and respond to an intracellular need for energy. The liver enzyme, on the o ...
... activity of glycine amidinotransferase, an enzyme that uses Arg in the synthesis of muscle creatin. Arg is considered an important modulator of immunological and physiological processes. The degradation of Arg produces ornithine, a precursor of polyamines that are key to cell division, DNA synthesis ...
FATTY ACID METABOLISM
... mitochondrial matrix. 2. Intermediates in fatty acid synthesis are covalently linked to the sulfhydryl groups of an acyl carrier protein (ACP), whereas intermediates in fatty acid breakdown are covalently attached to the sulfhydryl group of coenzyme A. 3. The enzymes of fatty acid synthesis in highe ...
... mitochondrial matrix. 2. Intermediates in fatty acid synthesis are covalently linked to the sulfhydryl groups of an acyl carrier protein (ACP), whereas intermediates in fatty acid breakdown are covalently attached to the sulfhydryl group of coenzyme A. 3. The enzymes of fatty acid synthesis in highe ...
Short-term regulation of the mammalian pyruvate dehydrogenase
... Many investigators have considered that TDP plays only a catalytic role in the active sites of E1. For a long time it has been suggested that mammalian PDHC loses TDP almost completely during isolation, because the measured PDHC activity was usually very low in the absence of added TDP (Walsh et al. ...
... Many investigators have considered that TDP plays only a catalytic role in the active sites of E1. For a long time it has been suggested that mammalian PDHC loses TDP almost completely during isolation, because the measured PDHC activity was usually very low in the absence of added TDP (Walsh et al. ...
Development, validation and biological application of
... discussing science. I still do not understand why, being such an intelligent person, he still supports the Oklahoma Sooners, but to each his own I suppose. I don’t think I have ever met anyone as enthusiastic as Dr. John Jones when it comes to tackling down novel methods and ideas. He is always read ...
... discussing science. I still do not understand why, being such an intelligent person, he still supports the Oklahoma Sooners, but to each his own I suppose. I don’t think I have ever met anyone as enthusiastic as Dr. John Jones when it comes to tackling down novel methods and ideas. He is always read ...
Variability of Wax Ester Fermentation in Natural and Bleached
... metabolism and wax ester fermentation of these different strains. In additional experiments with the elongase inhibitor flufenacet (Trenkamp, Martin, and Tietjen 2004) we also show its effect on ...
... metabolism and wax ester fermentation of these different strains. In additional experiments with the elongase inhibitor flufenacet (Trenkamp, Martin, and Tietjen 2004) we also show its effect on ...
Carbon and electron flow in Clostridium butyricum
... balanced during glycerol catabolism. Also, very little is known regarding the regulation of the acetate/butyrate ratio when C. bzlgriczlm is growing on glucose, except that the excess H, is formed by NADH-fd reductase activity to balance the amount of acetate made (Jungermann e t al., ...
... balanced during glycerol catabolism. Also, very little is known regarding the regulation of the acetate/butyrate ratio when C. bzlgriczlm is growing on glucose, except that the excess H, is formed by NADH-fd reductase activity to balance the amount of acetate made (Jungermann e t al., ...
Unravelling Insulin Resistance
... the endothelial cells of barrier tissues such as the bloodbrain barrier. • GLUT2- is expressed by liver and pancreatic β cells. • GLUT3- is an isoform expressed mostly in neurons where it is believed to be the main glucose transporter isoform. • GLUT4- is the insulin-regulated glucose transporter fo ...
... the endothelial cells of barrier tissues such as the bloodbrain barrier. • GLUT2- is expressed by liver and pancreatic β cells. • GLUT3- is an isoform expressed mostly in neurons where it is believed to be the main glucose transporter isoform. • GLUT4- is the insulin-regulated glucose transporter fo ...
PFK - ePrints USM
... thrive through low temperatures. These microorganisms have very low optimum growth temperature in the range of 10 oC to 20 oC (Morita, 1975). They can be contrasted with thermophiles, which thrive at unusually hot temperatures. Despite the fact that a much greater proportion of the earth environment ...
... thrive through low temperatures. These microorganisms have very low optimum growth temperature in the range of 10 oC to 20 oC (Morita, 1975). They can be contrasted with thermophiles, which thrive at unusually hot temperatures. Despite the fact that a much greater proportion of the earth environment ...
FREE Sample Here
... C) a single : frequency coding D) a single : amplitude coding E) several : amplitude coding Answer: B Diff: 6 Page Ref: 206 47) Axoaxonic synapses are responsible for ________ the extent of neurotransmitter released at the synapse. A) inhibiting B) decreasing C) increasing D) modulating E) enhancing ...
... C) a single : frequency coding D) a single : amplitude coding E) several : amplitude coding Answer: B Diff: 6 Page Ref: 206 47) Axoaxonic synapses are responsible for ________ the extent of neurotransmitter released at the synapse. A) inhibiting B) decreasing C) increasing D) modulating E) enhancing ...
UNIT 9. COMMON CATABOLIC PATHWAY. TRICARBOXYLIC ACID
... B. Involves the participation of lipoic acid. C. Occurs in the cytosol D. Depends on CoA. E. Donates electrons to ETC. 8. Put the following stages PDH complex action in the correct order: A. TPP forms a covalent bond with the α-carbon atom of pyruvate. B. The acetyl group is transferred from lipoic ...
... B. Involves the participation of lipoic acid. C. Occurs in the cytosol D. Depends on CoA. E. Donates electrons to ETC. 8. Put the following stages PDH complex action in the correct order: A. TPP forms a covalent bond with the α-carbon atom of pyruvate. B. The acetyl group is transferred from lipoic ...
Chapter 5 Endocrine Regulation of Glucose - Rose
... processing. Time scales: rapid phase begins less than one minute after stimulation, and ends about 10 minutes later; slow phase begins about 15-20 minutes after initial stimulation, and ends when stimulation ends. ...
... processing. Time scales: rapid phase begins less than one minute after stimulation, and ends about 10 minutes later; slow phase begins about 15-20 minutes after initial stimulation, and ends when stimulation ends. ...
1.1. diabetes mellitus
... mechanisms and under the influence of some environmental trigger, attack their own insulin producing cells. c) Obesity: Obesity has long been accepted as a risk factor for NIDDM and the risk is related with both the duration and degree of obesity (WHO, 1985). In some instances, obesity reduces the n ...
... mechanisms and under the influence of some environmental trigger, attack their own insulin producing cells. c) Obesity: Obesity has long been accepted as a risk factor for NIDDM and the risk is related with both the duration and degree of obesity (WHO, 1985). In some instances, obesity reduces the n ...
sample - Test Bank Exam
... C) a single : frequency coding D) a single : amplitude coding E) several : amplitude coding Answer: B Diff: 6 Page Ref: 206 47) Axoaxonic synapses are responsible for ________ the extent of neurotransmitter released at the synapse. A) inhibiting B) decreasing C) increasing D) modulating E) enhancing ...
... C) a single : frequency coding D) a single : amplitude coding E) several : amplitude coding Answer: B Diff: 6 Page Ref: 206 47) Axoaxonic synapses are responsible for ________ the extent of neurotransmitter released at the synapse. A) inhibiting B) decreasing C) increasing D) modulating E) enhancing ...
Lysine Inhibition of in vivo Homocitrate Synthesis in
... Sabouraud dextrose agar (Difco) with 0.1 % yeast extract. IdentiJication of accumulation product of mutant L,. Mutant L, and its parent (Wis. 54-1255) were grown for 3 days on the shaker at 25 "C in the glucose-citrate medium (citrate No. 2 medium of Yamamoto & Segel, 1966) supplemented with 250 pg ...
... Sabouraud dextrose agar (Difco) with 0.1 % yeast extract. IdentiJication of accumulation product of mutant L,. Mutant L, and its parent (Wis. 54-1255) were grown for 3 days on the shaker at 25 "C in the glucose-citrate medium (citrate No. 2 medium of Yamamoto & Segel, 1966) supplemented with 250 pg ...
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... inflammation. The response to the injury then leads to recruitment of platelets and monocytes to the arterial wall site with subsequent lesion development. The lipid ...
... inflammation. The response to the injury then leads to recruitment of platelets and monocytes to the arterial wall site with subsequent lesion development. The lipid ...
Lipid signaling
Lipid signaling, broadly defined, refers to any biological signaling event involving a lipid messenger that binds a protein target, such as a receptor, kinase or phosphatase, which in turn mediate the effects of these lipids on specific cellular responses. Lipid signaling is thought to be qualitatively different from other classical signaling paradigms (such as monoamine neurotransmission) because lipids can freely diffuse through membranes (see osmosis.) One consequence of this is that lipid messengers cannot be stored in vesicles prior to release and so are often biosynthesized ""on demand"" at their intended site of action. As such, many lipid signaling molecules cannot circulate freely in solution but, rather, exist bound to special carrier proteins in serum.