Hepatic Steatosis - Arteriosclerosis, Thrombosis, and Vascular Biology
... whereas liver TG content is decreased compared with wildtype mice.17 These observations in mouse models without excessive changes in adipose tissue mass prove that alterations in whole-body FFA/TG partitioning inversely modulate TG content in the liver. The extrahepatic regulation of liver TG conten ...
... whereas liver TG content is decreased compared with wildtype mice.17 These observations in mouse models without excessive changes in adipose tissue mass prove that alterations in whole-body FFA/TG partitioning inversely modulate TG content in the liver. The extrahepatic regulation of liver TG conten ...
Harvesting Electrons from the Citric Acid Cycle
... When energy demands are low oxaloacetate is shuttled into citric acid cycle ...
... When energy demands are low oxaloacetate is shuttled into citric acid cycle ...
Glycogen Phosphorylase
... are almost identical to the brain, liver, and muscle forms in different organisms •Glycogen phosphorylase showed up in a lot of bacteria, and then in vertebrates, but not much in the middle this might be because it hasn’t been studied much in other organisms ...
... are almost identical to the brain, liver, and muscle forms in different organisms •Glycogen phosphorylase showed up in a lot of bacteria, and then in vertebrates, but not much in the middle this might be because it hasn’t been studied much in other organisms ...
Poster - MSOE Center for BioMolecular Modeling
... Thrombin catalyzes the conversion of fibrinogen into fibrin, which then constructs an insoluble network of fibers that eventually dries to form a scab. The Saint Joan Antida SMART (Students Modeling a Research Topic) Team has modeled thrombin using 3D printing technology. Thrombin is a serine protea ...
... Thrombin catalyzes the conversion of fibrinogen into fibrin, which then constructs an insoluble network of fibers that eventually dries to form a scab. The Saint Joan Antida SMART (Students Modeling a Research Topic) Team has modeled thrombin using 3D printing technology. Thrombin is a serine protea ...
Chapter 9: How do cells harvest energy?
... 1. amino group is removed (deamination) 2. amino group may eventually be converted to urea and excreted 2 of 4 ...
... 1. amino group is removed (deamination) 2. amino group may eventually be converted to urea and excreted 2 of 4 ...
04. Introduction to metabolism
... carbohydrates and lipids to respective building blocks. Stage II. Amino acids, fatty acids and glucose are oxidized to common metabolite (acetyl CoA) Stage III. Acetyl CoA is oxidized in citric acid cycle to CO2 and water. As result reduced cofactor, NADH2 and FADH2, are formed which give up their e ...
... carbohydrates and lipids to respective building blocks. Stage II. Amino acids, fatty acids and glucose are oxidized to common metabolite (acetyl CoA) Stage III. Acetyl CoA is oxidized in citric acid cycle to CO2 and water. As result reduced cofactor, NADH2 and FADH2, are formed which give up their e ...
Key enzymes in glycolysis
... Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose to: 1- Provide energy in the form of ATP (main function) 2- Provide intermediates for other metabolic pathways. It occurs in cytosols of all tissues All sugars can be converted to glucose & thus can be metabolized by glycolysis. ...
... Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose to: 1- Provide energy in the form of ATP (main function) 2- Provide intermediates for other metabolic pathways. It occurs in cytosols of all tissues All sugars can be converted to glucose & thus can be metabolized by glycolysis. ...
2105Lecture 5a powerpoint
... Signal peptide-A sequence of amino acids that determine whether a protein will be formed on the rough endoplasmic reticulum or on free ribosomes. Note: all protein synthesis begins on free ribosomes. ...
... Signal peptide-A sequence of amino acids that determine whether a protein will be formed on the rough endoplasmic reticulum or on free ribosomes. Note: all protein synthesis begins on free ribosomes. ...
Glycolysis
... Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose to: 1- Provide energy in the form of ATP (main function) 2- Provide intermediates for other metabolic pathways. It occurs in cytosols of all tissues All sugars can be converted to glucose & thus can be metabolized by glycolysis. ...
... Glycolysis is the breakdown of glucose to: 1- Provide energy in the form of ATP (main function) 2- Provide intermediates for other metabolic pathways. It occurs in cytosols of all tissues All sugars can be converted to glucose & thus can be metabolized by glycolysis. ...
Document
... They are present in the cytoplasm of all cells They help to speed up the chemical reactions in the cell There are hundreds of different enzymes but each enzyme speeds up only one kind of reaction For example, glucose and fructose might join up slowly to form sucrose ...
... They are present in the cytoplasm of all cells They help to speed up the chemical reactions in the cell There are hundreds of different enzymes but each enzyme speeds up only one kind of reaction For example, glucose and fructose might join up slowly to form sucrose ...
Cellular Respiration
... Glucose (sugar) provides energy. Monosaccharides and Dissacharides structures usually give quick energy. Polysaccharide structure is mainly used for storage and structure. Glucose is obtained from and/or produced by plants The Cell and the Mitochondria ...
... Glucose (sugar) provides energy. Monosaccharides and Dissacharides structures usually give quick energy. Polysaccharide structure is mainly used for storage and structure. Glucose is obtained from and/or produced by plants The Cell and the Mitochondria ...
The Chemicals of Living Things
... They are present in the cytoplasm of all cells They help to speed up the chemical reactions in the cell There are hundreds of different enzymes but each enzyme speeds up only one kind of reaction For example, glucose and fructose might join up slowly to form sucrose ...
... They are present in the cytoplasm of all cells They help to speed up the chemical reactions in the cell There are hundreds of different enzymes but each enzyme speeds up only one kind of reaction For example, glucose and fructose might join up slowly to form sucrose ...
File - Hoblitzell`s Science Spot
... by a health food store employee that he should add amino acid supplements to his diet to help in weight gain. What would you tell this person? a. amino acid supplements are an excellent way to quickly provide energy to muscles for rebuilding b. taking amino acid supplements will help keep the digest ...
... by a health food store employee that he should add amino acid supplements to his diet to help in weight gain. What would you tell this person? a. amino acid supplements are an excellent way to quickly provide energy to muscles for rebuilding b. taking amino acid supplements will help keep the digest ...
7. Making and storing fat and retrieving it to supply energy
... the endoplasmic reticulum to make it have two carboxyl groups on it – one on each end. This compound, a dicarboxylic acid, is excreted into the urine. The net effect of the enzymes of the lyzosome and the endoplasmic reticulum is called “detoxification”. These enzymes act to change many substances t ...
... the endoplasmic reticulum to make it have two carboxyl groups on it – one on each end. This compound, a dicarboxylic acid, is excreted into the urine. The net effect of the enzymes of the lyzosome and the endoplasmic reticulum is called “detoxification”. These enzymes act to change many substances t ...
Glycolysis PP
... • Glycolysis certainly evolved in prokaryotes before oxygenation of the atmosphere • Probably one of the very first complex biochemical pathways (>3.5 BYA) • Evidence? – Almost universal. – No requirement for O2: it is an anaerobic process, even when used by aerobic organisms. – Must predate photosy ...
... • Glycolysis certainly evolved in prokaryotes before oxygenation of the atmosphere • Probably one of the very first complex biochemical pathways (>3.5 BYA) • Evidence? – Almost universal. – No requirement for O2: it is an anaerobic process, even when used by aerobic organisms. – Must predate photosy ...
Energy Systems and Muscle Fibre Types
... within the blood • The point during exercise where the person begins to feel discomfort and burning sensations in their muscles • Lactic acid is used to store pyruvate and hydrogen ions until they can be processed by the aerobic system ...
... within the blood • The point during exercise where the person begins to feel discomfort and burning sensations in their muscles • Lactic acid is used to store pyruvate and hydrogen ions until they can be processed by the aerobic system ...
BSU Reading Guide Chapter 7 Respiration
... discuss on the next page, this constraint became far less severe, because the efficiency of oxidative respiration is estimated to be about 32%. This increased efficiency results in the transmission of much more energy from one trophic level to another than does glycolysis. (A trophic level is a step ...
... discuss on the next page, this constraint became far less severe, because the efficiency of oxidative respiration is estimated to be about 32%. This increased efficiency results in the transmission of much more energy from one trophic level to another than does glycolysis. (A trophic level is a step ...
Outline - Utexas
... 2. Acetyl-CoA enters the Krebs cycle a. glucose completely dismantled b. CO2 produced c. 2 ATP, 6 NADH and 2 FADH2 generated ...
... 2. Acetyl-CoA enters the Krebs cycle a. glucose completely dismantled b. CO2 produced c. 2 ATP, 6 NADH and 2 FADH2 generated ...
Ketosis
Ketosis /kɨˈtoʊsɨs/ is a metabolic state where most of the body's energy supply comes from ketone bodies in the blood, in contrast to a state of glycolysis where blood glucose provides most of the energy. It is characterised by serum concentrations of ketone bodies over 0.5 millimolar, with low and stable levels of insulin and blood glucose. It is almost always generalized with hyperketonemia, that is, an elevated level of ketone bodies in the blood throughout the body. Ketone bodies are formed by ketogenesis when liver glycogen stores are depleted (or from metabolising medium-chain triglycerides). The main ketone bodies used for energy are acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate, and the levels of ketone bodies are regulated mainly by insulin and glucagon. Most cells in the body can use both glucose and ketone bodies for fuel, and during ketosis, free fatty acids and glucose synthesis (gluconeogenesis) fuel the remainder.Longer-term ketosis may result from fasting or staying on a low-carbohydrate diet, and deliberately induced ketosis serves as a medical intervention for intractable epilepsy. In glycolysis, higher levels of insulin promote storage of body fat and block release of fat from adipose tissues, while in ketosis, fat reserves are readily released and consumed. For this reason, ketosis is sometimes referred to as the body's ""fat burning"" mode.