PPT Nts Cellular Respiration
... fermentation to supply ATP, long distance athletes including cyclists, marathon runners, and cross-country skiers must pace themselves. They must rely on aerobic cellular respiration for most of the race, saving the anaerobic spring for the finish. Training for distance events focuses on increasing ...
... fermentation to supply ATP, long distance athletes including cyclists, marathon runners, and cross-country skiers must pace themselves. They must rely on aerobic cellular respiration for most of the race, saving the anaerobic spring for the finish. Training for distance events focuses on increasing ...
Fatty Acid Oxid
... These reactions produce no ATP. Once fatty acids are reduced in length within the peroxisomes they may shift to the mitochondria to be catabolized to acetylCoA. ...
... These reactions produce no ATP. Once fatty acids are reduced in length within the peroxisomes they may shift to the mitochondria to be catabolized to acetylCoA. ...
Fatty Acid Oxid - Univerzita Karlova v Praze
... These reactions produce no ATP. Once fatty acids are reduced in length within the peroxisomes they may shift to the mitochondria to be catabolized to acetylCoA. ...
... These reactions produce no ATP. Once fatty acids are reduced in length within the peroxisomes they may shift to the mitochondria to be catabolized to acetylCoA. ...
2 ATP - Hobbs High School
... – ETC produces a proton gradient • Gradient is formed as electrons move through electron carriers located in the mitochondrial membrane. • Each electron attracts a proton and transfers them into the intermembrane space of the mitochondria. ...
... – ETC produces a proton gradient • Gradient is formed as electrons move through electron carriers located in the mitochondrial membrane. • Each electron attracts a proton and transfers them into the intermembrane space of the mitochondria. ...
Fate of pyruvate
... Citric acid cycle is the final pathway where the oxidative metabolism of Carbohydrates (as glucose), proteins (amino acids) & lipids (fatty acids) to yield energy (ATP) ...
... Citric acid cycle is the final pathway where the oxidative metabolism of Carbohydrates (as glucose), proteins (amino acids) & lipids (fatty acids) to yield energy (ATP) ...
Bio 6 – Fermentation & Cellular Respiration Lab INTRODUCTION
... As shown above, NAD+, an empty electron carrier, is converted to NADH, a full electron carrier (the electrons being “carried” are associated with the hydrogen atom) during glycolysis. Fermentation is simply one or more biochemical steps that transfer the H in NADH and an extra electron to a molecule ...
... As shown above, NAD+, an empty electron carrier, is converted to NADH, a full electron carrier (the electrons being “carried” are associated with the hydrogen atom) during glycolysis. Fermentation is simply one or more biochemical steps that transfer the H in NADH and an extra electron to a molecule ...
Citric Acid Cycle Regulation
... But supply of NAD+ is limited in cytoplasm so must regenerate it to allow glycolysis to continue! Step 5 of glycolysis converts NAD+ to NADH (G3P to G1,3BP) For next round of glycolysis to occur need NADH converted to NAD+ for use in step 5. How cells (muscle especially) accomplish this? Pyruvate (P ...
... But supply of NAD+ is limited in cytoplasm so must regenerate it to allow glycolysis to continue! Step 5 of glycolysis converts NAD+ to NADH (G3P to G1,3BP) For next round of glycolysis to occur need NADH converted to NAD+ for use in step 5. How cells (muscle especially) accomplish this? Pyruvate (P ...
How Cells Obtain Energy from Food - Molecular Biology of the Cell
... In stage 2 a chain of reactions called glycolysis converts each molecule of glucose into two smaller molecules of pyruvate. Sugars other than glucose are similarly converted to pyruvate after their conversion to one of the sugar intermediates in this glycolytic pathway. During pyruvate formation, tw ...
... In stage 2 a chain of reactions called glycolysis converts each molecule of glucose into two smaller molecules of pyruvate. Sugars other than glucose are similarly converted to pyruvate after their conversion to one of the sugar intermediates in this glycolytic pathway. During pyruvate formation, tw ...
Specific Nutrient Deficiencies
... requirements of Vit related to carbohydrate intake Catalyst in pyruvate → acetyl CoA Role in initiation nerve impulse propagation Transketolation of pentose phosphate pathway (WE, WKS) Found in skeletal muscle, liver, heart, kidney, brain ...
... requirements of Vit related to carbohydrate intake Catalyst in pyruvate → acetyl CoA Role in initiation nerve impulse propagation Transketolation of pentose phosphate pathway (WE, WKS) Found in skeletal muscle, liver, heart, kidney, brain ...
Glucose-Fatty Acid Interaction in Skeletal Muscle and Adipose
... by Randle cycle, which would expect that fat-induced insulin resistance would result in an increase of intramuscular glucoso-6-phosphate, Shulman and coworkers found that the drop in muscle glycogen synthesis was preceded by a fall in intramuscular glucoso-6-phosphate. These data suggest that increa ...
... by Randle cycle, which would expect that fat-induced insulin resistance would result in an increase of intramuscular glucoso-6-phosphate, Shulman and coworkers found that the drop in muscle glycogen synthesis was preceded by a fall in intramuscular glucoso-6-phosphate. These data suggest that increa ...
PowerPoint 簡報
... source will also observe niacin deficiency if niacin uptake is not being watched carefully. • Sorghum contains large amount of leucine, which will inhibit quinolinate phosphoribosyl transferase (QPRT), an enzyme involved in NAD+ biosynthesis from tryptophan. • Vitamin B6 deficiency can also lead to ...
... source will also observe niacin deficiency if niacin uptake is not being watched carefully. • Sorghum contains large amount of leucine, which will inhibit quinolinate phosphoribosyl transferase (QPRT), an enzyme involved in NAD+ biosynthesis from tryptophan. • Vitamin B6 deficiency can also lead to ...
Substrate Level Phosphorylation Substrate level phosphorylation
... •Deamination: removal of the amino group from amino acids •Removed amino acids eventually become ammonia (then uric acid or urea) •Fats •Glycerol is converted into G-3-P •Beta oxidation: changes fatty acids to 2-C fragments which are then converted into acetyl-CoA •Hydrocarbons of fats are an excell ...
... •Deamination: removal of the amino group from amino acids •Removed amino acids eventually become ammonia (then uric acid or urea) •Fats •Glycerol is converted into G-3-P •Beta oxidation: changes fatty acids to 2-C fragments which are then converted into acetyl-CoA •Hydrocarbons of fats are an excell ...
CELLULAR RESPIRTION Powerpoint
... – The peanut burned completely. It changed in mass. The water temperature was raised. – When the peanut was burned, stored chemical energy was converted into heat energy, – thereby raising the temperature of the water. ...
... – The peanut burned completely. It changed in mass. The water temperature was raised. – When the peanut was burned, stored chemical energy was converted into heat energy, – thereby raising the temperature of the water. ...
lec33_F2015
... a) acetyl CoA can be oxidized by the TCA cycle. b) acetyl CoA can be used to synthesize fatty acids (via citrate), which are then used to make triglycerides. ii) Pyruvate can be converted to alanine in a one-step transaminase reaction. iii) Pyruvate can be used to make oxaloacetate, to replace the c ...
... a) acetyl CoA can be oxidized by the TCA cycle. b) acetyl CoA can be used to synthesize fatty acids (via citrate), which are then used to make triglycerides. ii) Pyruvate can be converted to alanine in a one-step transaminase reaction. iii) Pyruvate can be used to make oxaloacetate, to replace the c ...
Metabolic modeling and comparative biochemistry in glyoxylate cycle
... amount, obtained from its application, was compared with the ATP amount calculated individually from the sum of acetyl-CoA, NAHD and FADH2 molecules number, and substrate level phosphorylation, generated in the oxidation of fatty acids with specific numbers of carbon atoms in glyoxysomes (Table 2). ...
... amount, obtained from its application, was compared with the ATP amount calculated individually from the sum of acetyl-CoA, NAHD and FADH2 molecules number, and substrate level phosphorylation, generated in the oxidation of fatty acids with specific numbers of carbon atoms in glyoxysomes (Table 2). ...
- Pacific Biomarkers
... including neuropeptide Y and pancreatic polypeptide (PP). The peptides of this family mediate their effects through several G protein-coupled receptors. PYY is primarily released from endocrine cells of the distal digestive tract and plays an important role in regulating food intake and energy balan ...
... including neuropeptide Y and pancreatic polypeptide (PP). The peptides of this family mediate their effects through several G protein-coupled receptors. PYY is primarily released from endocrine cells of the distal digestive tract and plays an important role in regulating food intake and energy balan ...
Chapter 9 - H-W Science Website
... Although most students recognize that plants respire, they may not fully understand that cellular respiration plays the same role in all aerobically respiring organisms. Many students do not appreciate the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration in plants. Watch out for some of these com ...
... Although most students recognize that plants respire, they may not fully understand that cellular respiration plays the same role in all aerobically respiring organisms. Many students do not appreciate the relationship between photosynthesis and respiration in plants. Watch out for some of these com ...
Nutrigenomics in Farm Animals
... peculiar fatty acid profile due its genetic predisposition (thrifty genotype) and feeding system (acorns and pasture). In this breed, interactions genome-nutrition are expected to have a main role on phenotype, and different diets regarding energy source and FA profile have been essayed in order to ...
... peculiar fatty acid profile due its genetic predisposition (thrifty genotype) and feeding system (acorns and pasture). In this breed, interactions genome-nutrition are expected to have a main role on phenotype, and different diets regarding energy source and FA profile have been essayed in order to ...
Carbohydrate Metabolism
... E. oxidation of extramitochondrial NADH+H+: 1. cytoplasmic NADH+H+ cannot penetrate mitochondrial membrane, however, it can be used to produce energy (4 or 6 ATP) by respiratory chain phosphorylation in the mitochondria. 2. This can be done by using special carriers for hydrogen of NADH+H+ These ca ...
... E. oxidation of extramitochondrial NADH+H+: 1. cytoplasmic NADH+H+ cannot penetrate mitochondrial membrane, however, it can be used to produce energy (4 or 6 ATP) by respiratory chain phosphorylation in the mitochondria. 2. This can be done by using special carriers for hydrogen of NADH+H+ These ca ...
Glycogen Metabolism by Dr Tarek File
... Glycogen storage diseases (GSD) • They are the result of defects in the processing of glycogen synthesis or breakdown within muscles, liver, and other cell types. • GSD has two classes of cause: genetic and acquired. • Genetic GSD is caused by any inborn error of metabolism. • In livestock, acquire ...
... Glycogen storage diseases (GSD) • They are the result of defects in the processing of glycogen synthesis or breakdown within muscles, liver, and other cell types. • GSD has two classes of cause: genetic and acquired. • Genetic GSD is caused by any inborn error of metabolism. • In livestock, acquire ...
Worked solutions to textbook questions 1 Chapter 12 Pathways to
... blood to the liver where it is converted to glycogen, a storage polysaccharide. The glycogen is slowly hydrolysed between meals to maintain a fairly constant concentration of glucose in the blood for use by tissues such as those in the brain. Q31. Explain why body builders and weight-lifters eat a l ...
... blood to the liver where it is converted to glycogen, a storage polysaccharide. The glycogen is slowly hydrolysed between meals to maintain a fairly constant concentration of glucose in the blood for use by tissues such as those in the brain. Q31. Explain why body builders and weight-lifters eat a l ...
Ketosis
Ketosis /kɨˈtoʊsɨs/ is a metabolic state where most of the body's energy supply comes from ketone bodies in the blood, in contrast to a state of glycolysis where blood glucose provides most of the energy. It is characterised by serum concentrations of ketone bodies over 0.5 millimolar, with low and stable levels of insulin and blood glucose. It is almost always generalized with hyperketonemia, that is, an elevated level of ketone bodies in the blood throughout the body. Ketone bodies are formed by ketogenesis when liver glycogen stores are depleted (or from metabolising medium-chain triglycerides). The main ketone bodies used for energy are acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate, and the levels of ketone bodies are regulated mainly by insulin and glucagon. Most cells in the body can use both glucose and ketone bodies for fuel, and during ketosis, free fatty acids and glucose synthesis (gluconeogenesis) fuel the remainder.Longer-term ketosis may result from fasting or staying on a low-carbohydrate diet, and deliberately induced ketosis serves as a medical intervention for intractable epilepsy. In glycolysis, higher levels of insulin promote storage of body fat and block release of fat from adipose tissues, while in ketosis, fat reserves are readily released and consumed. For this reason, ketosis is sometimes referred to as the body's ""fat burning"" mode.