Week III Lecture I slides
... • OXIDATION is the loss of electrons from a substance • REDUCTION is the addition of electrons to a substance ...
... • OXIDATION is the loss of electrons from a substance • REDUCTION is the addition of electrons to a substance ...
Slide 1
... Cellular respiration occurs in three main stages Stage 2: The Kreb’s Cycle (citric acid cycle) – Location: mitochondrial matrix – Purpose: Breaks down pyruvate into CO2 and supplies ETC with electrons (via NADH, FADH2) – What Happens?: 2-C acetate combines with 4-C oxaloacetate forming 6-C citrat ...
... Cellular respiration occurs in three main stages Stage 2: The Kreb’s Cycle (citric acid cycle) – Location: mitochondrial matrix – Purpose: Breaks down pyruvate into CO2 and supplies ETC with electrons (via NADH, FADH2) – What Happens?: 2-C acetate combines with 4-C oxaloacetate forming 6-C citrat ...
DETERMINATION OF THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CARDIAC
... large portion of their total caloric intake from alcoholic beverages. Indeed, alcohol is a form of energy, but as a 'bully' it sabotages normal energy conversion pathways in the body. Instead of directly fueling muscle contraction or other desirable biochemical processes, the energy in alcohol is fi ...
... large portion of their total caloric intake from alcoholic beverages. Indeed, alcohol is a form of energy, but as a 'bully' it sabotages normal energy conversion pathways in the body. Instead of directly fueling muscle contraction or other desirable biochemical processes, the energy in alcohol is fi ...
AP Biology Ch. 9 Cellular Respiration
... Fermentation: the partial breakdown of glucose without oxygen. It only releases a small amount of ATP. Glycolysis: the first step of breaking down glucose—it splits glucose (6C) into 2 pyruvic acid molecules (3C each) ...
... Fermentation: the partial breakdown of glucose without oxygen. It only releases a small amount of ATP. Glycolysis: the first step of breaking down glucose—it splits glucose (6C) into 2 pyruvic acid molecules (3C each) ...
Document
... • Carbohydrate Catabolism – Many organisms oxidize carbohydrates as primary energy source for anabolic reactions – Glucose most common carbohydrate used – Glucose catabolized by two processes: cellular respiration and fermentation ...
... • Carbohydrate Catabolism – Many organisms oxidize carbohydrates as primary energy source for anabolic reactions – Glucose most common carbohydrate used – Glucose catabolized by two processes: cellular respiration and fermentation ...
work № 1. colour reactions of amino acids and proteins
... Hydrolysis of protein is a process of biopolymer’s degradation with cleavage of peptide bonds through the assistance of water molecules under the action of acids, alkalis or proteases. In laboratory conditions hydrolysis of protein is used for determination of primary structure and amino acid compos ...
... Hydrolysis of protein is a process of biopolymer’s degradation with cleavage of peptide bonds through the assistance of water molecules under the action of acids, alkalis or proteases. In laboratory conditions hydrolysis of protein is used for determination of primary structure and amino acid compos ...
Neonatal nutrition
... • 3.5 Kg mother wants to breast feed her infant. She is primi-gravida – Is small amount of milk in first 3ds enough – How to encourage her to continue breast feeding – Signs of successful breast feeding – For how long breast feeding to continue ...
... • 3.5 Kg mother wants to breast feed her infant. She is primi-gravida – Is small amount of milk in first 3ds enough – How to encourage her to continue breast feeding – Signs of successful breast feeding – For how long breast feeding to continue ...
Lipidomics in Cell Regulation
... to concentration of certain lipids and lipid metabolism in skeletal muscles, adipose tissue, the liver and insulin producing b-cells in the pancreas • Several rheumatic diseases – Strongly linked to the concentration of certain fatty acids • Many cancer forms – Strongly linked to the metabolism of s ...
... to concentration of certain lipids and lipid metabolism in skeletal muscles, adipose tissue, the liver and insulin producing b-cells in the pancreas • Several rheumatic diseases – Strongly linked to the concentration of certain fatty acids • Many cancer forms – Strongly linked to the metabolism of s ...
Lipopolysaccharide with 2,3-diamino-2,3
... A close relationship between R. sulfoviridis and R. viridis is further substantiated by the fact that lipid A fractions from both species have fl-C~4OH as the only main and amide-linked fatty acids aside from trace amounts of ester-linked ones. The lipopolysaccharides of P. diminuta and P. vesicular ...
... A close relationship between R. sulfoviridis and R. viridis is further substantiated by the fact that lipid A fractions from both species have fl-C~4OH as the only main and amide-linked fatty acids aside from trace amounts of ester-linked ones. The lipopolysaccharides of P. diminuta and P. vesicular ...
The Acid End-products of Glucose Metabolism of Oral
... in the presence of 2-oxoglutarate. It could be that the other strains were impermeable to 2oxoglutarate but the enzyme assays and the results of the experiment with radioactively labelled substrates suggest this is due to an incomplete tricarboxylic acid cycle. The probable pathway in haemophili is ...
... in the presence of 2-oxoglutarate. It could be that the other strains were impermeable to 2oxoglutarate but the enzyme assays and the results of the experiment with radioactively labelled substrates suggest this is due to an incomplete tricarboxylic acid cycle. The probable pathway in haemophili is ...
Path of Glucose Breakdown and Cell Yields of a
... Actinomyces naeslundii fermented glucose primarily by the EmbdenMeyerhof pathway, as based on 14C-glucosefermentation data and enzyme studies. Enzymes of the oxidative pentose phosphate cycle were also present, but functioned only to a minor extent. Growth on glucose was increased 2to 4-fold in the ...
... Actinomyces naeslundii fermented glucose primarily by the EmbdenMeyerhof pathway, as based on 14C-glucosefermentation data and enzyme studies. Enzymes of the oxidative pentose phosphate cycle were also present, but functioned only to a minor extent. Growth on glucose was increased 2to 4-fold in the ...
Changes in carbohydrates and lipids during embryonic
... Glycogen content decreased gradually during early embryogenesis through days 0–4 and increased during days 5 and 6 and once again decreased on days 7 and 8 (figure 4). The utilisation of glycogen for various metabolic as well as for physiological functions such as energy source and substrate for chi ...
... Glycogen content decreased gradually during early embryogenesis through days 0–4 and increased during days 5 and 6 and once again decreased on days 7 and 8 (figure 4). The utilisation of glycogen for various metabolic as well as for physiological functions such as energy source and substrate for chi ...
Mechanisms underlying skeletal muscle insulin resistance induced
... demonstrating the ability of PGC-1a to integrate physiological signals and to increase mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative function [79,80]. Thus, a reduction of PGC-1a content in conditions of high fatty acid levels might be associated with impairment of mitochondrial function [5,76]. In additio ...
... demonstrating the ability of PGC-1a to integrate physiological signals and to increase mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative function [79,80]. Thus, a reduction of PGC-1a content in conditions of high fatty acid levels might be associated with impairment of mitochondrial function [5,76]. In additio ...
Warm-Up
... The role of glycolysis in oxidizing glucose to two molecules of pyruvate. The process that brings pyruvate from the cytosol into the mitochondria and introduces it into the citric acid cycle. How the process of chemiosmosis utilizes the electrons from NADH and FADH2 to produce ATP. ...
... The role of glycolysis in oxidizing glucose to two molecules of pyruvate. The process that brings pyruvate from the cytosol into the mitochondria and introduces it into the citric acid cycle. How the process of chemiosmosis utilizes the electrons from NADH and FADH2 to produce ATP. ...
Ch 9 (primary ppt) - Phillips Scientific Methods
... Pyruvate Ethanol + CO2 Pyruvate Lactate Ex. bacteria, yeast Ex. fungi, bacteria, human Used in brewing, muscle cells winemaking, baking Used to make cheese, yogurt, acetone, methanol Note: Lactate build-up does NOT causes muscle fatigue and pain (old idea) ...
... Pyruvate Ethanol + CO2 Pyruvate Lactate Ex. bacteria, yeast Ex. fungi, bacteria, human Used in brewing, muscle cells winemaking, baking Used to make cheese, yogurt, acetone, methanol Note: Lactate build-up does NOT causes muscle fatigue and pain (old idea) ...
Chapter 9 from Mrs Chou
... Pyruvate Ethanol + CO2 Pyruvate Lactate Ex. bacteria, yeast Ex. fungi, bacteria, human Used in brewing, muscle cells winemaking, baking Used to make cheese, yogurt, acetone, methanol Note: Lactate build-up does NOT causes muscle fatigue and pain (old idea) ...
... Pyruvate Ethanol + CO2 Pyruvate Lactate Ex. bacteria, yeast Ex. fungi, bacteria, human Used in brewing, muscle cells winemaking, baking Used to make cheese, yogurt, acetone, methanol Note: Lactate build-up does NOT causes muscle fatigue and pain (old idea) ...
Human Physiology - Maryville University
... can be hydrolyzed to glycerol & fatty acids These can be modified to run thru Kreb's Proteins can be broken down to amino acids Which can be deaminated & run thru Kreb's These pathways can be used to interconvert carbohydrates, fats, & proteins ...
... can be hydrolyzed to glycerol & fatty acids These can be modified to run thru Kreb's Proteins can be broken down to amino acids Which can be deaminated & run thru Kreb's These pathways can be used to interconvert carbohydrates, fats, & proteins ...
Respiration and Fermentation
... 36. Four ATP are produced as a result of glycolysis, but the net yield is only 2 ATP because a. 2 ATP must be used to regenerate the starting materials. b. 2 ATP are used to prepare pyruvate for Krebs Cycle. c. on average, 2 ATP are lost due to spontaneous breakdown. d. 2 ATP were used to activate t ...
... 36. Four ATP are produced as a result of glycolysis, but the net yield is only 2 ATP because a. 2 ATP must be used to regenerate the starting materials. b. 2 ATP are used to prepare pyruvate for Krebs Cycle. c. on average, 2 ATP are lost due to spontaneous breakdown. d. 2 ATP were used to activate t ...
Ketosis
Ketosis /kɨˈtoʊsɨs/ is a metabolic state where most of the body's energy supply comes from ketone bodies in the blood, in contrast to a state of glycolysis where blood glucose provides most of the energy. It is characterised by serum concentrations of ketone bodies over 0.5 millimolar, with low and stable levels of insulin and blood glucose. It is almost always generalized with hyperketonemia, that is, an elevated level of ketone bodies in the blood throughout the body. Ketone bodies are formed by ketogenesis when liver glycogen stores are depleted (or from metabolising medium-chain triglycerides). The main ketone bodies used for energy are acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate, and the levels of ketone bodies are regulated mainly by insulin and glucagon. Most cells in the body can use both glucose and ketone bodies for fuel, and during ketosis, free fatty acids and glucose synthesis (gluconeogenesis) fuel the remainder.Longer-term ketosis may result from fasting or staying on a low-carbohydrate diet, and deliberately induced ketosis serves as a medical intervention for intractable epilepsy. In glycolysis, higher levels of insulin promote storage of body fat and block release of fat from adipose tissues, while in ketosis, fat reserves are readily released and consumed. For this reason, ketosis is sometimes referred to as the body's ""fat burning"" mode.