Alternative routes of acetyl-CoA synthesis identified
... functions (46.4 % of total orthologous oleaginous genes) (see Supplementary Table S1). It was noted that nearly a quarter of the orthologous oleaginous proteins (41 sequences) are responsible for metabolic processes or metabolism, as shown in Fig. 1. Of these proteins, we further focused on the data ...
... functions (46.4 % of total orthologous oleaginous genes) (see Supplementary Table S1). It was noted that nearly a quarter of the orthologous oleaginous proteins (41 sequences) are responsible for metabolic processes or metabolism, as shown in Fig. 1. Of these proteins, we further focused on the data ...
Manipulating redox and ATP balancing for improved production of
... et al., 2002a). An additional mutation in the ptsG restores fermentative growth on glucose in complex media. This strain produces succinate, acetate and ethanol in a molar ratio of 1:0.5:0.5. It is thought that pyruvate dehydrogenase complex maintains a low level of activity under laboratory anaerob ...
... et al., 2002a). An additional mutation in the ptsG restores fermentative growth on glucose in complex media. This strain produces succinate, acetate and ethanol in a molar ratio of 1:0.5:0.5. It is thought that pyruvate dehydrogenase complex maintains a low level of activity under laboratory anaerob ...
Production and Utilization of Acetate in Mammals
... Initial experiments on the intracellular distribution of acetyl-CoA synthetase and acetyl-CoA hydrolase were performed by differential centrifugation of homogenates in 0.25M-sucrose (Schneider & Hogeboom, 1950). Although the particulate activities of the two enzymes were associated with the mitochon ...
... Initial experiments on the intracellular distribution of acetyl-CoA synthetase and acetyl-CoA hydrolase were performed by differential centrifugation of homogenates in 0.25M-sucrose (Schneider & Hogeboom, 1950). Although the particulate activities of the two enzymes were associated with the mitochon ...
Acetyl CoA - WordPress.com
... In cells that rely on glucose for fuel (do not use fats) – the energy that is provided when pyruvate is converted to acetyl-CoA is not generated Which cells in the body rely primarily on glucose for energy? Cells of the nervous system and heart, therefore neurologic and cardiac symptoms are associat ...
... In cells that rely on glucose for fuel (do not use fats) – the energy that is provided when pyruvate is converted to acetyl-CoA is not generated Which cells in the body rely primarily on glucose for energy? Cells of the nervous system and heart, therefore neurologic and cardiac symptoms are associat ...
Cellular Respiration
... to complete the breakdown of a variety of organic molecules. o Most eukaryotic and many prokaryotic organisms can carry out aerobic respiration. o Some prokaryotes use compounds other than oxygen as reactants in a similar process called anaerobic respiration. o Although cellular respiration technica ...
... to complete the breakdown of a variety of organic molecules. o Most eukaryotic and many prokaryotic organisms can carry out aerobic respiration. o Some prokaryotes use compounds other than oxygen as reactants in a similar process called anaerobic respiration. o Although cellular respiration technica ...
Test Example
... Any given protein is characterized by a unique amino acid sequence (primary structure) and threedimensional (tertiary) structure. How are these related? Ans: The three-dimensional structure is determined by the amino acid sequence. This means that the amino acid sequence contains all of the informat ...
... Any given protein is characterized by a unique amino acid sequence (primary structure) and threedimensional (tertiary) structure. How are these related? Ans: The three-dimensional structure is determined by the amino acid sequence. This means that the amino acid sequence contains all of the informat ...
Biochemistry 304 2014 Student Edition Glycolysis Lectures
... •Learn where products of glycolysis can go. •Be aware that other sugars can enter the glycolysis pathway ...
... •Learn where products of glycolysis can go. •Be aware that other sugars can enter the glycolysis pathway ...
... indicate that lipid accumulation stopped although the cultures were in the most optimal condition for lipid accumulation i.e. limited N, excess C and in the presence of ME, ACL and FAS activities.This suggest other factors were involved in the limitation of lipid biosynthesis. Since the event occurr ...
Life 9e - Garvness
... 36. More free energy is released during the citric acid cycle than during glycolysis, but only 1 mole of ATP is produced for each mole of acetyl CoA that enters the cycle. Most of the remaining free energy produced during the citric acid cycle is a. used to synthesize GTP. b. used to reduce electron ...
... 36. More free energy is released during the citric acid cycle than during glycolysis, but only 1 mole of ATP is produced for each mole of acetyl CoA that enters the cycle. Most of the remaining free energy produced during the citric acid cycle is a. used to synthesize GTP. b. used to reduce electron ...
Student Book (Unit 1 Module 4) - Pearson Schools and FE Colleges
... • Activation of chemicals – glucose is phosphorylated at the beginning of respiration so that it is more unstable and can be broken down to release energy. Some of the energy from catabolic reactions is released in the form of heat. This is useful as metabolic reactions are controlled by enzymes, ...
... • Activation of chemicals – glucose is phosphorylated at the beginning of respiration so that it is more unstable and can be broken down to release energy. Some of the energy from catabolic reactions is released in the form of heat. This is useful as metabolic reactions are controlled by enzymes, ...
What is respiration?
... • Activation of chemicals – glucose is phosphorylated at the beginning of respiration so that it is more unstable and can be broken down to release energy. Some of the energy from catabolic reactions is released in the form of heat. This is useful as metabolic reactions are controlled by enzymes, ...
... • Activation of chemicals – glucose is phosphorylated at the beginning of respiration so that it is more unstable and can be broken down to release energy. Some of the energy from catabolic reactions is released in the form of heat. This is useful as metabolic reactions are controlled by enzymes, ...
MS Word Version - Interactive Physiology
... 26. The cells have little myoglobin to bind oxygen . Glycolysis does not need oxygen. The cells have few capillaries. Glycolysis does not require that oxygen be delivered via the blood to muscle. Also glycolysis can utilize glycogen as an energy source and that's already in the muscle. The cells hav ...
... 26. The cells have little myoglobin to bind oxygen . Glycolysis does not need oxygen. The cells have few capillaries. Glycolysis does not require that oxygen be delivered via the blood to muscle. Also glycolysis can utilize glycogen as an energy source and that's already in the muscle. The cells hav ...
Muscle Metabolism - Interactive Physiology
... 26. The cells have little myoglobin to bind oxygen . Glycolysis does not need oxygen. The cells have few capillaries. Glycolysis does not require that oxygen be delivered via the blood to muscle. Also glycolysis can utilize glycogen as an energy source and that's already in the muscle. The cells hav ...
... 26. The cells have little myoglobin to bind oxygen . Glycolysis does not need oxygen. The cells have few capillaries. Glycolysis does not require that oxygen be delivered via the blood to muscle. Also glycolysis can utilize glycogen as an energy source and that's already in the muscle. The cells hav ...
Translocation of Photosynthate - Academic Resources at Missouri
... water by osmosis. HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE 4. The Phloem sap is pushed through the seive tube column to a SINK area of low solute concentration. (root, bud, grain, bulb, etc.) Sap is pulled out by active transport or stored as starch. UNLOADING 5. Sap continues to flow toward the sink as long as sug ...
... water by osmosis. HYDROSTATIC PRESSURE 4. The Phloem sap is pushed through the seive tube column to a SINK area of low solute concentration. (root, bud, grain, bulb, etc.) Sap is pulled out by active transport or stored as starch. UNLOADING 5. Sap continues to flow toward the sink as long as sug ...
ppt
... moles of ATP for every mole of glucose catabolized in the presence of oxygen, only two moles of ATP are produced per mole of glucose that is catabolized in the absence of ...
... moles of ATP for every mole of glucose catabolized in the presence of oxygen, only two moles of ATP are produced per mole of glucose that is catabolized in the absence of ...
Chapter 8: Energy generation:glycolysis
... The glycolysis pathway can be divided into two phases, the first phase comprising steps 1–5 and culminating in synthesis of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, and the second phase made up of steps 6–10, when glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is metabolized into pyruvate. The first phase does not generate ATP. In ...
... The glycolysis pathway can be divided into two phases, the first phase comprising steps 1–5 and culminating in synthesis of glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate, and the second phase made up of steps 6–10, when glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate is metabolized into pyruvate. The first phase does not generate ATP. In ...
Long-Chain Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids in Fish: Recent
... LC-PUFA biosynthetic pathways in fish were originally investigated by analysing the effects that experimental diets with suboptimal levels of potential LC-PUFA metabolic precursors had on fish physiology. More direct evidence was later obtained through the use of biochemical assays with radiolabeled ...
... LC-PUFA biosynthetic pathways in fish were originally investigated by analysing the effects that experimental diets with suboptimal levels of potential LC-PUFA metabolic precursors had on fish physiology. More direct evidence was later obtained through the use of biochemical assays with radiolabeled ...
Ketosis
Ketosis /kɨˈtoʊsɨs/ is a metabolic state where most of the body's energy supply comes from ketone bodies in the blood, in contrast to a state of glycolysis where blood glucose provides most of the energy. It is characterised by serum concentrations of ketone bodies over 0.5 millimolar, with low and stable levels of insulin and blood glucose. It is almost always generalized with hyperketonemia, that is, an elevated level of ketone bodies in the blood throughout the body. Ketone bodies are formed by ketogenesis when liver glycogen stores are depleted (or from metabolising medium-chain triglycerides). The main ketone bodies used for energy are acetoacetate and β-hydroxybutyrate, and the levels of ketone bodies are regulated mainly by insulin and glucagon. Most cells in the body can use both glucose and ketone bodies for fuel, and during ketosis, free fatty acids and glucose synthesis (gluconeogenesis) fuel the remainder.Longer-term ketosis may result from fasting or staying on a low-carbohydrate diet, and deliberately induced ketosis serves as a medical intervention for intractable epilepsy. In glycolysis, higher levels of insulin promote storage of body fat and block release of fat from adipose tissues, while in ketosis, fat reserves are readily released and consumed. For this reason, ketosis is sometimes referred to as the body's ""fat burning"" mode.