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Sensation and Perception Presented by Rachel D. Barnes, Ph.D. Definitions Sensation - simple awareness due to stimulation of organ Perception - organization, identification, and interpertation of sensation in order to transform mental representation Transduction - converts physical signs to neural signals Vision Human eye – Retina --> Rods + Cones --> Optic chiasm --> Thalamus -> Cortex – Occipital lobe: receives information from visual field – Temporal lobe: ventral stream - “what”, shape and identity – Parietal lobe: dorsal stream “where”, location and motion of object Audition We pick up: frequency, amplitude, timbre Place code - cochlea encodes different frequencies at different locations Temporal code - cochlea registers low frequencies via firing rate in auditory nerve Haptic Perception/Touch Different sensitivities in different body parts Pain: – Important for our survival – Referred pain: sensory information from internal and external areas converge – Gate control theory: signal from pain receptors stopped/ gated by interneurons in spinal cord Smell Molecules stimulate olfactory receptor neurons in nose --> cause olfactory nerve to fire -> olfactory bulb Glomerulus - grouped by different types of smells Pheremones -odors emitted by other members of species that affect behavior of physiology Taste Taste buds in papillae Each taste bud has 50 to 100 receptor cells Perception changes with age Various buds activate different neurotransmitters What are your thoughts? Do you feel that some of your senses might be unusually sensitive, compared to others? What would happen if one of your senses suddenly started working? How would your world be different? Have you ever had any unusual sensory experiences? Please describe them. And for the rest of the week… Please be sure to answer both discussion questions This chapter is full of information that may be brand new to many of you - please check out the links in the following slide for further, simplified information Keep up with the reading and email me questions and ideas as they come up HAVE A GREAT WEEK! Additional resources http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Jzl9 VPnA3OY http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cfAy PbFYGJw http://www.alleydog.com/101notes/s&p .html