Organization of brainstem nuclei
... system, visual system, auditory system, motor cranial nerves, or somatosensory system. However, many brainstem structures are not obviously related to a particular function, or are related to a number of functions or better known for their structural characteristics. Thus, the reticular formation, p ...
... system, visual system, auditory system, motor cranial nerves, or somatosensory system. However, many brainstem structures are not obviously related to a particular function, or are related to a number of functions or better known for their structural characteristics. Thus, the reticular formation, p ...
Orbital position dependency is different for the gain of externally and
... level of the brainstem burst generator. If this were true, we would expect that the difference in the gain of centrifugal and centripetal saccades would be the same for all types of saccades. This is clearly not the case. Our results are also not compatible with our initial hypothesis that the cereb ...
... level of the brainstem burst generator. If this were true, we would expect that the difference in the gain of centrifugal and centripetal saccades would be the same for all types of saccades. This is clearly not the case. Our results are also not compatible with our initial hypothesis that the cereb ...
Get PDF - IOS Press
... such as c-Fos in the brain, and the viral transneuronal labeling using pseudorabies virus make it possible to analyze the neurocircuitry of the stress-related central autonomic nervous system. Limbic systems (amygdala, lateral septum, infralimbic, insular, ventromedial temporal cortical regions), an ...
... such as c-Fos in the brain, and the viral transneuronal labeling using pseudorabies virus make it possible to analyze the neurocircuitry of the stress-related central autonomic nervous system. Limbic systems (amygdala, lateral septum, infralimbic, insular, ventromedial temporal cortical regions), an ...
Organization of projections from the basomedial nucleus of the
... the PHAL anterograde tracing method. The results, considered together with other information in the literature, suggest possible distinct roles played by the BMAa and BMAp in the functional organization of the amygdala as a whole. ...
... the PHAL anterograde tracing method. The results, considered together with other information in the literature, suggest possible distinct roles played by the BMAa and BMAp in the functional organization of the amygdala as a whole. ...
A role for sleep in brain plasticity
... to the ability of the brain to persistently modify its structure and function according to genetic ...
... to the ability of the brain to persistently modify its structure and function according to genetic ...
Neural Mechanisms of Extinction Learning and Retrieval
... Systemic drug studies have attempted to identify the key molecules in the acquisition of extinction. The first molecule implicated in extinction was the N-methyl-Daspartate receptor (NMDAr). Systemic administration of the NMDAr antagonist MK801 prevented extinction (Baker and ...
... Systemic drug studies have attempted to identify the key molecules in the acquisition of extinction. The first molecule implicated in extinction was the N-methyl-Daspartate receptor (NMDAr). Systemic administration of the NMDAr antagonist MK801 prevented extinction (Baker and ...
How Do We Know That We Know? The Accessibility Model
... information pertaining to the presence of the solicited item in memory and that this information appears in a ready-made format. At first sight, this solution to the question of how one knows that one knows appears to raise the homunculus problem of how the monitor itself can know. However, the idea ...
... information pertaining to the presence of the solicited item in memory and that this information appears in a ready-made format. At first sight, this solution to the question of how one knows that one knows appears to raise the homunculus problem of how the monitor itself can know. However, the idea ...
Altered Resting-State Functional Connectivity of
... are functionally heterogeneous, with distinct roles in learning and expressing fear behaviors. PTSD differences in amygdala-complex function and functional connectivity with cortical and subcortical structures remain unclear. Recent military veterans with PTSD (n ¼ 20) and matched trauma-exposed con ...
... are functionally heterogeneous, with distinct roles in learning and expressing fear behaviors. PTSD differences in amygdala-complex function and functional connectivity with cortical and subcortical structures remain unclear. Recent military veterans with PTSD (n ¼ 20) and matched trauma-exposed con ...
Effects of Brain Damage (cont`d.)
... © 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. ...
... © 2013 Cengage Learning. All Rights Reserved. This edition is intended for use outside of the U.S. only, with content that may be different from the U.S. Edition. May not be scanned, copied, duplicated, or posted to a publicly accessible website, in whole or in part. ...
Role of beta-adrenergic receptors in the ventromedial prefrontal
... 2.8.4. Experiment 4: vmPFC-immunoreactivity in the groups systemically treated with propranolol, isoproterenol or saline prior to the extinction sessions Animals in the first group were systemically administered propranolol (N = 6; 10 mg/kg), isoproterenol (N = 6; 2.5 mg/kg) or saline (N = 6) 30 min ...
... 2.8.4. Experiment 4: vmPFC-immunoreactivity in the groups systemically treated with propranolol, isoproterenol or saline prior to the extinction sessions Animals in the first group were systemically administered propranolol (N = 6; 10 mg/kg), isoproterenol (N = 6; 2.5 mg/kg) or saline (N = 6) 30 min ...
The Role of Temporal Structure in Human Vision
... temporal integration. There are many instances where the optical input to vision is temporarily interrupted (e.g., during eye blinks), yet we seamlessly piece together visual signals over time to maintain perceptual continuity. Temporal integration can also enhance visual sensitivity by summing weak ...
... temporal integration. There are many instances where the optical input to vision is temporarily interrupted (e.g., during eye blinks), yet we seamlessly piece together visual signals over time to maintain perceptual continuity. Temporal integration can also enhance visual sensitivity by summing weak ...
Preview Sample 3
... Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge Difficulty: Moderate APA Goal: Outcomes 4.4, 10.2 56. Which of the following statements best expresses the relationship between the central nervous system and the endocrine system? a. They operate entirely independently. b. The endocrine system is part of the central nerv ...
... Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge Difficulty: Moderate APA Goal: Outcomes 4.4, 10.2 56. Which of the following statements best expresses the relationship between the central nervous system and the endocrine system? a. They operate entirely independently. b. The endocrine system is part of the central nerv ...
1 - TEST BANK 360
... Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge Difficulty: Difficult APA Goal: Outcome 1.2 17. You cannot fire a gun softly, or flush a toilet halfway. Like an action potential, gun fire and a toilet’s flush follow the __________ law. a. on-or-off b. graded action c. all-or-none d. binary response Answer: c Page: 52 B ...
... Bloom’s Taxonomy: Knowledge Difficulty: Difficult APA Goal: Outcome 1.2 17. You cannot fire a gun softly, or flush a toilet halfway. Like an action potential, gun fire and a toilet’s flush follow the __________ law. a. on-or-off b. graded action c. all-or-none d. binary response Answer: c Page: 52 B ...
Maxillary palp glomeruli and ipsilateral projections in the antennal
... ipsilateral input, with the fibres terminating in the ipsilateral AL only. Thus the antennal lobe of Drosophila has a glomerular organization which is apportioned into antennal, maxillary, saccular and ipsilateral glomeruli. Previous studies reported that sensory projection from the maxillary palp i ...
... ipsilateral input, with the fibres terminating in the ipsilateral AL only. Thus the antennal lobe of Drosophila has a glomerular organization which is apportioned into antennal, maxillary, saccular and ipsilateral glomeruli. Previous studies reported that sensory projection from the maxillary palp i ...
Sample
... 27) What is the term used to describe the rounded areas on the ends of the axon terminals? A) synaptic vesicles B) axons C) dendrites D) synaptic knobs Correct: Correct. Synaptic knobs are located at the tip of each axon terminal. Incorrect: Incorrect. Synaptic vesicles are structures within the syn ...
... 27) What is the term used to describe the rounded areas on the ends of the axon terminals? A) synaptic vesicles B) axons C) dendrites D) synaptic knobs Correct: Correct. Synaptic knobs are located at the tip of each axon terminal. Incorrect: Incorrect. Synaptic vesicles are structures within the syn ...
First-in-first-out item replacement in a model of
... A phase-locked mechanism of first-in-first-out replacement of buffered items In the absence of input, the contents of a STM buffer decay gradually, due to noise and a slow-AHP (modeled as a bi-exponential response with Erev = −70 mV, G = 0.01 nS, τrise = τf all = 3000 ms, an alpha function). When a ...
... A phase-locked mechanism of first-in-first-out replacement of buffered items In the absence of input, the contents of a STM buffer decay gradually, due to noise and a slow-AHP (modeled as a bi-exponential response with Erev = −70 mV, G = 0.01 nS, τrise = τf all = 3000 ms, an alpha function). When a ...
Functional Neuroimaging Insights into the Physiology of Human Sleep
... closely related to rapid eye movements that occur in isolation or in bursts during the transition from NREM to REM sleep or during REM sleep itself.59,60 Although observed in many parts of the animal brain,61 PGO waves are most easily recorded in the pons,62 the lateral geniculate bodies,63 and the ...
... closely related to rapid eye movements that occur in isolation or in bursts during the transition from NREM to REM sleep or during REM sleep itself.59,60 Although observed in many parts of the animal brain,61 PGO waves are most easily recorded in the pons,62 the lateral geniculate bodies,63 and the ...
Hebb repetition learning 1 VISUAL AND PHONOLOGICAL HEBB
... two block-orders. Lists in the CA block comprised five letters; lists in the no-CA block comprised eight letters. These different list lengths had been arrived at as a result of pilot work, to give approximately equal levels of baseline performance. The letters used were taken from the full set of c ...
... two block-orders. Lists in the CA block comprised five letters; lists in the no-CA block comprised eight letters. These different list lengths had been arrived at as a result of pilot work, to give approximately equal levels of baseline performance. The letters used were taken from the full set of c ...
Laminar Selectivity of the Cholinergic Suppression of Synaptic
... The effect of the cholinergicsuppression of synaptictransmission in stratumradiatum(s. rad) and stratumlacunosum-moleculare (s. l-m) on the functionof regionCA1 wasexploredin a simplecomputational simulation.The simulationcontainedrepresentations of entorhinalcortex layer III and regions CA1 and CA3 ...
... The effect of the cholinergicsuppression of synaptictransmission in stratumradiatum(s. rad) and stratumlacunosum-moleculare (s. l-m) on the functionof regionCA1 wasexploredin a simplecomputational simulation.The simulationcontainedrepresentations of entorhinalcortex layer III and regions CA1 and CA3 ...
ATLAS OF FUNCTIONAL NEUROANATOMY
... University with an honors program in psychology. His first experimental work was with rats that had lesions of the hippocampus, which was then a little-known area of the brain. At that time, Professor Donald Hebb was the chair of the Psychology Department and was gaining prominence for his theory kn ...
... University with an honors program in psychology. His first experimental work was with rats that had lesions of the hippocampus, which was then a little-known area of the brain. At that time, Professor Donald Hebb was the chair of the Psychology Department and was gaining prominence for his theory kn ...
The supramammillary area: its organization, functions
... play a much more important modulatory role in hippocampal function than their paucity and distance from the hippocampus might suggest. SuM also has similar extensive connections with many other structures and may, then, similarly modulate many areas of the forebrain. The hippocampus has been postula ...
... play a much more important modulatory role in hippocampal function than their paucity and distance from the hippocampus might suggest. SuM also has similar extensive connections with many other structures and may, then, similarly modulate many areas of the forebrain. The hippocampus has been postula ...
Disorders of the Cerebellum and Its Connections
... If this involvement is functionally significant, one would expect evidence of this involvement to appear among the sequelae of cerebellar damage. In fact, nonmotor deficits are now beginning to be discussed in the context of human cerebellar disease. Studies conducted in both animals and humans prov ...
... If this involvement is functionally significant, one would expect evidence of this involvement to appear among the sequelae of cerebellar damage. In fact, nonmotor deficits are now beginning to be discussed in the context of human cerebellar disease. Studies conducted in both animals and humans prov ...
The amygdala: securing pleasure and avoiding pain
... The amygdala has traditionally been associated with fear, mediating the impact of negative emotions on memory. However, this view does not fully encapsulate the function of the amygdala, nor the impact that processing in this structure has on the motivational limbic corticostriatal circuitry of whic ...
... The amygdala has traditionally been associated with fear, mediating the impact of negative emotions on memory. However, this view does not fully encapsulate the function of the amygdala, nor the impact that processing in this structure has on the motivational limbic corticostriatal circuitry of whic ...
Motor imagery and higher-level cognition: four hurdles before
... both the Gibsonian and embodied cognition perspectives. In this study the researchers found that tools automatically recruited attention more readily than non-tools, especially when presented in the lower and right visual fields. Specifically, Handy and colleagues used a combination of both ERP and ...
... both the Gibsonian and embodied cognition perspectives. In this study the researchers found that tools automatically recruited attention more readily than non-tools, especially when presented in the lower and right visual fields. Specifically, Handy and colleagues used a combination of both ERP and ...
Cortisol modifies extinction learning of recently acquired fear in men
... The CS was never paired with the UCS, the UCS omission 7.9 s after CS onset was defined as non-UCS. No electrical stimulation was given during the extinction phase. Between the CS, a black screen was shown lasting between 9.5 and 12 s (randomly jittered inter-trial interval). For both sessions, a ...
... The CS was never paired with the UCS, the UCS omission 7.9 s after CS onset was defined as non-UCS. No electrical stimulation was given during the extinction phase. Between the CS, a black screen was shown lasting between 9.5 and 12 s (randomly jittered inter-trial interval). For both sessions, a ...
Neuroanatomy of memory
The neuroanatomy of memory encompasses a wide variety of anatomical structures in the brain.