Effects of Residual Inhibition Phenomenon on Early Auditory Evoked
... tinnitus subjects due to its relation to limbic system. Memory, attention, and the emotional state of the patients are important factors that may be involved in this reaction. Thus, this neurophysiological process may not be detected by an evaluation of the cerebral function in tinnitus subjects (Mi ...
... tinnitus subjects due to its relation to limbic system. Memory, attention, and the emotional state of the patients are important factors that may be involved in this reaction. Thus, this neurophysiological process may not be detected by an evaluation of the cerebral function in tinnitus subjects (Mi ...
Neck Muscle Responses to Stimulation of Monkey Superior
... following text) was delivered on 80 –90% of all trials between 500 and 1,000 ms after the onset of fixation. Stimulation was delivered either while the FP remained visible (fixation trials; 40 – 45% of all trials) or 200 ms after the FP was extinguished (fixation-blink trials, 40 – 45% of all trials ...
... following text) was delivered on 80 –90% of all trials between 500 and 1,000 ms after the onset of fixation. Stimulation was delivered either while the FP remained visible (fixation trials; 40 – 45% of all trials) or 200 ms after the FP was extinguished (fixation-blink trials, 40 – 45% of all trials ...
Auditory Imagery: Empirical Findings
... participants judged low pitches, but an equivalent semantic congruity effect (i.e., time required to judge which of two stimuli is more extreme along a dimension decreases when the judgment is congruent with that end of the dimension; Banks, 1977) for judgments of low pitches did not occur. Yoo, Lee ...
... participants judged low pitches, but an equivalent semantic congruity effect (i.e., time required to judge which of two stimuli is more extreme along a dimension decreases when the judgment is congruent with that end of the dimension; Banks, 1977) for judgments of low pitches did not occur. Yoo, Lee ...
In 1978 Mountcastle hypothesized that the smallest functional unit of
... experiments in order to assess minicolumn activity evoked by a number of different stimulus conditions. Although OIS imaging is capable of imaging only the upper cortical layers, layers II/III, it has an advantage over in vitro experimentation in that all the cortical connections are still in tact. ...
... experiments in order to assess minicolumn activity evoked by a number of different stimulus conditions. Although OIS imaging is capable of imaging only the upper cortical layers, layers II/III, it has an advantage over in vitro experimentation in that all the cortical connections are still in tact. ...
Anatomy & Physiology I
... Touch sensations are usually due to stimulation of tactile receptors in the skin or subcutaneous layer Crude touch is the ability to perceive that something has contacted the skin, but its location, shape, size, and texture can not be ascertained Fine touch provides specific information about ...
... Touch sensations are usually due to stimulation of tactile receptors in the skin or subcutaneous layer Crude touch is the ability to perceive that something has contacted the skin, but its location, shape, size, and texture can not be ascertained Fine touch provides specific information about ...
The Formation of Specific Synaptic Connections Between Muscle
... stretch reflex. Intracellular recordings can be made from functionally identified motoneurons and the synaptic input to these neurons from specific groups of spindle afferent fibers can be elicited by stimulation of individual musclenerves. These synaptic connectionshave beenwell studiedin a number ...
... stretch reflex. Intracellular recordings can be made from functionally identified motoneurons and the synaptic input to these neurons from specific groups of spindle afferent fibers can be elicited by stimulation of individual musclenerves. These synaptic connectionshave beenwell studiedin a number ...
New Treatment Approaches in Tinnitus: The Place of Repetitive
... of these effects may last from minutes to hours. In the current studies, there are articles suggesting that these neural changes in tDCS-applied patients can be observed not only in the short run after the application but also in the long run (29). In the literature, some of the very seldom and mild ...
... of these effects may last from minutes to hours. In the current studies, there are articles suggesting that these neural changes in tDCS-applied patients can be observed not only in the short run after the application but also in the long run (29). In the literature, some of the very seldom and mild ...
Functional Organization of the Gustatory System in the Brains of
... This reproduction was made from a copy of a m anuscript sent to u s for publication and microfilming. While the m ost advanced technology has been used to pho tograph and reproduce this m anuscript, the quality of the reproduction is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. Pag ...
... This reproduction was made from a copy of a m anuscript sent to u s for publication and microfilming. While the m ost advanced technology has been used to pho tograph and reproduce this m anuscript, the quality of the reproduction is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. Pag ...
MOLECULAR MECHANISMS OF SYNAPTIC PLASTICITY IN ADULT MAMMALIAN SENSORY CORTEX
... Experience-dependent changes in synaptic composition and function (synaptic plasticity) underlie many brain functions including learning and memory, formation of sensory maps, as well as the capability to recover from injury. Most of these functions decline with age, supporting the observation that ...
... Experience-dependent changes in synaptic composition and function (synaptic plasticity) underlie many brain functions including learning and memory, formation of sensory maps, as well as the capability to recover from injury. Most of these functions decline with age, supporting the observation that ...
Gentle Mechanical Skin Stimulation Inhibits Micturition Contractions
... Data Availability Statement: All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files. Funding: This work was supported by a grant from Toyoresin, in addition to internal support to the authors' organisation. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, d ...
... Data Availability Statement: All relevant data are within the paper and its Supporting Information files. Funding: This work was supported by a grant from Toyoresin, in addition to internal support to the authors' organisation. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, d ...
Auditory Pathways and Processes
... behavioral responses to auditory and visual inputs (Pastor et al., 2008). The basal ganglia have been identified as having a role in processing auditory signal aspects of speech (Kotz, Schwartze, & Schmidt-Kassow, 2009), particularly timing. Efferent pathways, thought to be part of a feedback loop t ...
... behavioral responses to auditory and visual inputs (Pastor et al., 2008). The basal ganglia have been identified as having a role in processing auditory signal aspects of speech (Kotz, Schwartze, & Schmidt-Kassow, 2009), particularly timing. Efferent pathways, thought to be part of a feedback loop t ...
Mismatch Negativity: Different Water in the Same River
... change requires parsing the incoming information into discrete stimuli. In terms of perception, the two kinds of change detection may be analogous to sensory analysis and object recognition. ...
... change requires parsing the incoming information into discrete stimuli. In terms of perception, the two kinds of change detection may be analogous to sensory analysis and object recognition. ...
Presynaptic Inhibition of Exteroceptive Afferents by Proprioceptive
... All physiological recordings were stored on a PCM data reforces acting on the hairs (crayfish, Wine and Krasne 1972; lobsters, Newland and Neil 1990). Thus the depression cording system for later analysis and display on an IBM-compatible prone synapsesmust be protected during all forms of swim- comp ...
... All physiological recordings were stored on a PCM data reforces acting on the hairs (crayfish, Wine and Krasne 1972; lobsters, Newland and Neil 1990). Thus the depression cording system for later analysis and display on an IBM-compatible prone synapsesmust be protected during all forms of swim- comp ...
Neural Mechanisms of Reflex Reversal in Coxo
... consisting in third, fourth, and fifth thoracic ganglia (G3, G4, and G5), motor nerves innervating proximal muscles (Pro, promotor; Rem, remotor; Lev, levator; Dep, depressor), and coxo-basipodite chordotonal organ (CBCO) sensory nerve (CB n). A mechanical puller controls movements (length changes) ...
... consisting in third, fourth, and fifth thoracic ganglia (G3, G4, and G5), motor nerves innervating proximal muscles (Pro, promotor; Rem, remotor; Lev, levator; Dep, depressor), and coxo-basipodite chordotonal organ (CBCO) sensory nerve (CB n). A mechanical puller controls movements (length changes) ...
Spatial cognition, body representation and affective processes
... information in tasks that are seemingly remote from well-known functions such as space constancy or postural control. In this review article we point out three emerging streams of research highlighting the importance of vestibular input: (1) Spatial Cognition: Modulation of vestibular signals can in ...
... information in tasks that are seemingly remote from well-known functions such as space constancy or postural control. In this review article we point out three emerging streams of research highlighting the importance of vestibular input: (1) Spatial Cognition: Modulation of vestibular signals can in ...
Central projections of the glossopharyngeal and
... gions, as well as interoceptive-visceral information from organs in the coelomic cavity (Dart, '22; Herrick, '22). In the fish, the peripheral innervation of the glossopharyngeal nerve is generally restricted to the anterior part of the oral cavity, whereas the field of innervation for the vagus ext ...
... gions, as well as interoceptive-visceral information from organs in the coelomic cavity (Dart, '22; Herrick, '22). In the fish, the peripheral innervation of the glossopharyngeal nerve is generally restricted to the anterior part of the oral cavity, whereas the field of innervation for the vagus ext ...
Early Sensory Pathways for Detection of Fearful Conditioned Stimuli
... and perform the task when a reversible or irreversible lesion was placed in either the somatosensory thalamus or the superior colliculus contralateral to the CS. However, simultaneous lesions of the somatosensory thalamus and superior colliculus contralateral to the CS blocked performance in the act ...
... and perform the task when a reversible or irreversible lesion was placed in either the somatosensory thalamus or the superior colliculus contralateral to the CS. However, simultaneous lesions of the somatosensory thalamus and superior colliculus contralateral to the CS blocked performance in the act ...
Afferent Fiber Remodeling in the Somatosensory Thalamus of Mice
... IONC model originated specific brainstem nuclei, which normally represent the mandibular (V3) region of the face and/or other body parts. We also observed ectopic receptive fields of V2 VPM neurons and extraterritorial mechanical hypersensitivity in the corresponding V3 region. Furthermore, all thes ...
... IONC model originated specific brainstem nuclei, which normally represent the mandibular (V3) region of the face and/or other body parts. We also observed ectopic receptive fields of V2 VPM neurons and extraterritorial mechanical hypersensitivity in the corresponding V3 region. Furthermore, all thes ...
CORTICAL PLASTICITY: From Synapses to Maps
... fulfills this role. In the presence of Glu and postsynaptic depolarization, the NMDA receptors permit the influx of Ca2+, which is a critical early step in the induction of LTP. Studies on neocortical LTP have proven to be more complex than those of hippocampal LTP. Unlike the hippocampus, cell type ...
... fulfills this role. In the presence of Glu and postsynaptic depolarization, the NMDA receptors permit the influx of Ca2+, which is a critical early step in the induction of LTP. Studies on neocortical LTP have proven to be more complex than those of hippocampal LTP. Unlike the hippocampus, cell type ...
Maxillary palp glomeruli and ipsilateral projections in the antennal
... expressed a Ca2+ sensitive fluorescent protein to demonstrate that the glomerular response is dependent on the odourant receptor expressed by a receptor neuron. These studies suggest a strong correlation between sensory neuron and projection neuron activity. Recently, Wilson et al (2004) employed a ...
... expressed a Ca2+ sensitive fluorescent protein to demonstrate that the glomerular response is dependent on the odourant receptor expressed by a receptor neuron. These studies suggest a strong correlation between sensory neuron and projection neuron activity. Recently, Wilson et al (2004) employed a ...
Analysis of Connectivity in the Cat Cerebral Cortex
... chical structure without any consideration of laminar termination patterns. These rules, that the distance between connected structures should be minimized and at the same time the distance between unconnected structures maximized, can respect almost any connection pattern between a set of elements. ...
... chical structure without any consideration of laminar termination patterns. These rules, that the distance between connected structures should be minimized and at the same time the distance between unconnected structures maximized, can respect almost any connection pattern between a set of elements. ...
The central nervous system.
... olfactory receptor cells that project to a specific glomerulus are distributed evenly all over the olfactory mucosa and they probably terminate exclusively in one glomerulus.201 Molecular studies in the catfish Ictalurus punctatus show that a specific olfactory receptor cell has only a few receptor ...
... olfactory receptor cells that project to a specific glomerulus are distributed evenly all over the olfactory mucosa and they probably terminate exclusively in one glomerulus.201 Molecular studies in the catfish Ictalurus punctatus show that a specific olfactory receptor cell has only a few receptor ...
The Optic Tectum in Fishes
... of electrode penetrations in the tectum of a sunfish. In this animal, the receptive fields are of fairly similar size and each part of the visual field is represented by a roughly equal area of tectal surface. Thus, the tectum in sunfish, as in goldfish, receives a uniform representation of the enti ...
... of electrode penetrations in the tectum of a sunfish. In this animal, the receptive fields are of fairly similar size and each part of the visual field is represented by a roughly equal area of tectal surface. Thus, the tectum in sunfish, as in goldfish, receives a uniform representation of the enti ...
Chapter 14 - Brain and Spinal Cord
... sensory and motor nuclei of cranial nerves V, VI, VII, and VIII – They innervate the jaw muscles, the anterior surface of the face, one of the extraocular muscles, and the sense organs of the inner ear. ...
... sensory and motor nuclei of cranial nerves V, VI, VII, and VIII – They innervate the jaw muscles, the anterior surface of the face, one of the extraocular muscles, and the sense organs of the inner ear. ...
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... All sites from control and experimental rats were analyzed together in a blind, randomized batch to prevent experimenter bias. Several receptive field and latency characteristics were defined at each site. The lowest intensity that evoked a reliable neural response was defined as the threshold; the ...
... All sites from control and experimental rats were analyzed together in a blind, randomized batch to prevent experimenter bias. Several receptive field and latency characteristics were defined at each site. The lowest intensity that evoked a reliable neural response was defined as the threshold; the ...