2015 Cosyne Program
... Qualcomm is a world leader in providing mobile communications, computing and network solutions that are transforming the way we live, learn, work, and play. We focus on a single goal—invent mobile technology breakthroughs. As a pioneering technology innovator, we believe in the power of innovation w ...
... Qualcomm is a world leader in providing mobile communications, computing and network solutions that are transforming the way we live, learn, work, and play. We focus on a single goal—invent mobile technology breakthroughs. As a pioneering technology innovator, we believe in the power of innovation w ...
Evidence that GABA augmentation of norepinephrine release is mediated by interneurons
... 1-way analysis of variance ŽANOVA. for independent samples. Each brain region was analyzed separately. For experiments using synaptoneurosome preparations, differences between groups were determined using a 2-way ANOVA, with GABA as one between-groups variable, and KCl concentration as the second. G ...
... 1-way analysis of variance ŽANOVA. for independent samples. Each brain region was analyzed separately. For experiments using synaptoneurosome preparations, differences between groups were determined using a 2-way ANOVA, with GABA as one between-groups variable, and KCl concentration as the second. G ...
Fear conditioning, synaptic plasticity and the amygdala
... BDNF to PTSD [49]. In addition, transgenic, molecular and behavioral studies in rodents have provided insights into the underlying mechanisms of BDNF signaling in PTSD. There is burgeoning evidence for an association between a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the BDNF gene (Val66Met) and vari ...
... BDNF to PTSD [49]. In addition, transgenic, molecular and behavioral studies in rodents have provided insights into the underlying mechanisms of BDNF signaling in PTSD. There is burgeoning evidence for an association between a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the BDNF gene (Val66Met) and vari ...
THE AMYGDALA AND REWARD
... of passage through that region intact. The neurotoxic effect of these agents is mediated by their action at glutamate receptors and involves overstimulation of the neuron, which leads to cell death. ...
... of passage through that region intact. The neurotoxic effect of these agents is mediated by their action at glutamate receptors and involves overstimulation of the neuron, which leads to cell death. ...
the amygdala and reward
... cup). This analysis indicates that an intact ability to solve visual-discrimination problems through instrumental conditioning and to acquire the food-cup approach through Pavlovian conditioning does not rule out a role for the amygdala in the processing of reward and positive affect. Stimulus–respo ...
... cup). This analysis indicates that an intact ability to solve visual-discrimination problems through instrumental conditioning and to acquire the food-cup approach through Pavlovian conditioning does not rule out a role for the amygdala in the processing of reward and positive affect. Stimulus–respo ...
Clonal analysis of the mushroom bodies
... MBs, one in each brain hemisphere. Expression of the mCD8GFP, driven by the GAL4-OK107, allows for visualization of the whole MBs. seg, supraesophageal ganglion; ol, optic lobe; sub, subesophageal ganglion. (B) Close-up view of the right MB in A. Five axonal lobes are grouped into three sets, based ...
... MBs, one in each brain hemisphere. Expression of the mCD8GFP, driven by the GAL4-OK107, allows for visualization of the whole MBs. seg, supraesophageal ganglion; ol, optic lobe; sub, subesophageal ganglion. (B) Close-up view of the right MB in A. Five axonal lobes are grouped into three sets, based ...
IOSR Journal of Dental and Medical Sciences (JDMS)
... all the rats. Administration of Artesunate to rats at various doses showed that, there was no significant (P>0.05) differences between the weight of experimental groups with that of the control group (table 1). Histological examination of the tissue section from rats administered with Artesunate in ...
... all the rats. Administration of Artesunate to rats at various doses showed that, there was no significant (P>0.05) differences between the weight of experimental groups with that of the control group (table 1). Histological examination of the tissue section from rats administered with Artesunate in ...
Contribution of Pedunculopontine Tegmental Nucleus Neurons to
... only for the tests pertaining to reward responses. To evaluate the relationship between neuronal discharge and specific events, we produced rasters and continuously varying spike density functions (Richmond et al. 1987) aligned on the events. To generate the spike density function, a Gaussian pulse ...
... only for the tests pertaining to reward responses. To evaluate the relationship between neuronal discharge and specific events, we produced rasters and continuously varying spike density functions (Richmond et al. 1987) aligned on the events. To generate the spike density function, a Gaussian pulse ...
Serotonin in the inferior colliculus fluctuates with behavioral state
... within the auditory system. Concentrations of extracellular 5-HT in the brain are not only region-specific but also context-specific, fluctuating in response to both behavioral state and environmental events. 5-HT-releasing neurons are themselves sensitive to changes in behavioral activation, like t ...
... within the auditory system. Concentrations of extracellular 5-HT in the brain are not only region-specific but also context-specific, fluctuating in response to both behavioral state and environmental events. 5-HT-releasing neurons are themselves sensitive to changes in behavioral activation, like t ...
... amygdala, delineated with the striatal-related markers dopamine, adenosine 3 0 :5 0 -monophosphate regulated phosphoprotein of Mr 32 kDa, and the related phosphoprotein Inhibitor-1. These basal forebrain systems project to autonomic nuclei in the hypothalamus and brainstem. We interpret these result ...
Review Getting Formal with Dopamine and Reward
... a number of interesting proposals concerning their function. Following such far-fetched suggestions as an involvement in regulating blood pressure, more recent views favor roles in movements, goal-directed behavior, cognition, attention, and reward, to name only the most pertinent ones. On the one h ...
... a number of interesting proposals concerning their function. Following such far-fetched suggestions as an involvement in regulating blood pressure, more recent views favor roles in movements, goal-directed behavior, cognition, attention, and reward, to name only the most pertinent ones. On the one h ...
Eyeblink Conditioning During an Interstimulus Interval Switch in
... (Woodruff-Pak, Seta, Roker, & Lehr, 2007) and developing rats (Brown, Pagani, & Stanton, 2006) suggests this is so. Because higher doses of picrotoxin appear to block initial acquisition (Bao et al., 2002), we decided to use a lower dose that has a demonstrated efficacy in unmasking short-latency re ...
... (Woodruff-Pak, Seta, Roker, & Lehr, 2007) and developing rats (Brown, Pagani, & Stanton, 2006) suggests this is so. Because higher doses of picrotoxin appear to block initial acquisition (Bao et al., 2002), we decided to use a lower dose that has a demonstrated efficacy in unmasking short-latency re ...
Stimulus Configuration, Classical Conditioning, and
... inhibition, long-term memory selection, recognition memory, response inhibition, spatial mapping, temporal mapping, working memory, or configural memory (see Schmajuk, 1984b, for a review). Typically, theories are tested by contrasting the predicted results of different hippocampal manipulations (e. ...
... inhibition, long-term memory selection, recognition memory, response inhibition, spatial mapping, temporal mapping, working memory, or configural memory (see Schmajuk, 1984b, for a review). Typically, theories are tested by contrasting the predicted results of different hippocampal manipulations (e. ...
Representation of Sounds in Auditory Cortex of Awake
... C.5 Lickometer schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 ...
... C.5 Lickometer schematic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142 ...
Modulation of Behavior by Expected Reward Magnitude Depends
... Slices were incubated overnight at 4°C in a primary antibody (mouse, anti-TH, 1:7500 in TBS-T containing 4% NHS; Immunostar, Hudson, WI, USA), then washed in TBS-T (3 9 10 min) and incubated in a secondary antibody (horse, anti-mouse, rat-adsorbed, biotinylated IgG (H ? L), 1:500 in TBS-T containing ...
... Slices were incubated overnight at 4°C in a primary antibody (mouse, anti-TH, 1:7500 in TBS-T containing 4% NHS; Immunostar, Hudson, WI, USA), then washed in TBS-T (3 9 10 min) and incubated in a secondary antibody (horse, anti-mouse, rat-adsorbed, biotinylated IgG (H ? L), 1:500 in TBS-T containing ...
Applications of TMS to Therapy in Psychiatry
... was well tolerated and resulted in a 40% response rate. It is possible that the response rate may have been even better had the treatment period been extended to 3 or 4 weeks. A recent meta-analysis of the open trials of TMS in depression found an effect size of 1.45 (Burt et al., 2002). Although si ...
... was well tolerated and resulted in a 40% response rate. It is possible that the response rate may have been even better had the treatment period been extended to 3 or 4 weeks. A recent meta-analysis of the open trials of TMS in depression found an effect size of 1.45 (Burt et al., 2002). Although si ...
Affective percept and voluntary action: A hypothesis
... hand, "desire" is partly primary percept and partly secondary. It is evoked by inadequate pleasant stimuli, which signal the adequate ones. A small amount of food in the mouth and barely audible music are some examples. All these terms are used in their broad sense. Secondary stimuli often evoke ima ...
... hand, "desire" is partly primary percept and partly secondary. It is evoked by inadequate pleasant stimuli, which signal the adequate ones. A small amount of food in the mouth and barely audible music are some examples. All these terms are used in their broad sense. Secondary stimuli often evoke ima ...
The Development of Ocular Dominance Columns
... map is not continuous. Instead, in adult humans, monkeys, cats, and many other species, inputs serving the two eyes are largely (or in some species completely) segregated into alternate patches serving the left and right eyes. "Ocular dominance patches" or "colwnns" are the names given to these alte ...
... map is not continuous. Instead, in adult humans, monkeys, cats, and many other species, inputs serving the two eyes are largely (or in some species completely) segregated into alternate patches serving the left and right eyes. "Ocular dominance patches" or "colwnns" are the names given to these alte ...
PPT
... is intending to perform(SUA) – Direction of planned arm and eye movements(LFP) – Tuning widths for movement directions(LFP, SUA) LFP in general shows responses properties similar to that of the neurons recorded in the same brain region ...
... is intending to perform(SUA) – Direction of planned arm and eye movements(LFP) – Tuning widths for movement directions(LFP, SUA) LFP in general shows responses properties similar to that of the neurons recorded in the same brain region ...
Spinal Cord Terminations of the Medial Wall Motor Areas in
... directly to motoneurons, and thereby influence specific aspects of segmental motor control. These results suggest that corticospinal projections from the SMA, CMAd, and CMAv are in many respects similar to those of efferents from M1. Consequently, each of the motor areas on the medial wall has the p ...
... directly to motoneurons, and thereby influence specific aspects of segmental motor control. These results suggest that corticospinal projections from the SMA, CMAd, and CMAv are in many respects similar to those of efferents from M1. Consequently, each of the motor areas on the medial wall has the p ...
Comparison of Primate Prefrontal and Inferior Temporal
... fundamental for normal cognition because it gives meaning to our sensory environment. Several recent studies have reported neuronal correlates of visual categories in two interconnected cortical areas involved in visual recognition, memory, and other visual functions: the inferior temporal cortex (I ...
... fundamental for normal cognition because it gives meaning to our sensory environment. Several recent studies have reported neuronal correlates of visual categories in two interconnected cortical areas involved in visual recognition, memory, and other visual functions: the inferior temporal cortex (I ...
Vesicular glutamate transporters (VGLUTs): The three musketeers of
... worked with VGLUT1-/- autaptic culture (where neurons make synapses between axons and cell bodies from which they arise) from hippocampal neurons and were able to detect small EPSCs in the majority of cells due to the exocytosis of partially filled vesicles expressing VGLUT2 (Wojcik et al. 2004). He ...
... worked with VGLUT1-/- autaptic culture (where neurons make synapses between axons and cell bodies from which they arise) from hippocampal neurons and were able to detect small EPSCs in the majority of cells due to the exocytosis of partially filled vesicles expressing VGLUT2 (Wojcik et al. 2004). He ...
Mitchell, Emma (2016) Detour pathways of descending motor
... subcortical stroke, the motor cortex from the non-ischaemic hemisphere does not contribute to recovery of the affected limb via increasing its direct CST connections to the denervated (ipsilateral) side of the spinal cord. If the motor cortex from the non-ischaemic hemisphere does take over control ...
... subcortical stroke, the motor cortex from the non-ischaemic hemisphere does not contribute to recovery of the affected limb via increasing its direct CST connections to the denervated (ipsilateral) side of the spinal cord. If the motor cortex from the non-ischaemic hemisphere does take over control ...
cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses
... tissue density, such as the increased presence of cellular structures. The possible mechanisms to affect MD include capillaries, synapses, spines and macromolecular proteins; properties of myelin, membrane and axon; the shape of neurons or glia; or enhanced tissue organization, but MD is not specific ...
... tissue density, such as the increased presence of cellular structures. The possible mechanisms to affect MD include capillaries, synapses, spines and macromolecular proteins; properties of myelin, membrane and axon; the shape of neurons or glia; or enhanced tissue organization, but MD is not specific ...