Download 2nd 6 Weeks Review

Name________________________
Bio preAP/GT F11
nd
2 6 Weeks Review
*Be able to identify the problem, hypothesis, and conclusion. Be able to interpret data.
*Read page 3: “What Science Is and Is Not”.
Cell Membrane and Transport:
Review the structure of the cell membrane- phosphate heads, lipid tails, proteins- know their arrangement.
Complete the table:
Diffusion
Facilitated Diffusion Active Transport
2. Requires energy input
3. Moves molecules against concentration
gradient
4. Requires a membrane protein
5. Sodium/Potassium pump is an example
6. Endocytosis and exocytosis are
examples
7. Movement of molecules from high
concentrations to low concentrations
8. Osmosis is an example
Use the information in the table above to answer the questions below.
9. What process is an Amoeba using when it is engulfing a food particle?
10. Why are some white blood cells called phagocytes?
11. The exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide between the lungs and blood vessels takes place due to which
of the above processes?
12. Sodium ions are moved from an area of low concentration to a region of higher concentration in the nerve
cells of humans. This process is an example of:
13. Draw a diagram of molecules moving out of a cell undergoing active transport.
14. Draw a diagram of molecules moving out of a cell undergoing passive transport.
Complete the table:
15. Solute:Water Ratio
16. Effect on a blood cell
placed in this solution
Isotonic Solution
Equal
Hypertonic Solution
High:Low
Hypotonic Solution
________:________
17. Describe the
movement of H2O
Use the information in the table above to answer the questions below.
18. Freshwater protozoans, such as Paramecia, must constantly pump out water to keep from bursting. What
does this tell you about the solute concentration inside a Paramecium compared to the solute concentration of
its environment?
19. What would happen if you made the solute concentration outside the Paramecium the same as that inside it?
20. A plant cell surrounded by salt water will shrink because the osmotic pressure causes:
A. solutes to move into the cell.
C. solutes to move out of the cell.
B. water to move into the cell.
D. water to move out of the cell.
Name________________________
Bio preAP/GT F11
Ch. 8 & 9: Photosynthesis & Cellular Respiration
Directions: Fill in the table below.
Photosynthesis
Cellular Respiration
Function
21
26
Location
22
27
Reactants
23
28
Products
24
29
Equation
25
30
31. What are the three stages of cellular respiration?
a.
b.
c.
32. What is the starting molecule in glycolysis that turns into pyruvic acid?______________________
33. Is cellular respiration aerobic or anaerobic? ________________________
34. In the absence of oxygen, cells will undergo two types of fermentation. Name the two types of
fermentation?
a.___________________________________
b.___________________________________
35. The type of fermentation causing muscle soreness after a strenuous workout? ____________________
36. ___________________ fermentation is used by yeast to make beer and wine.
37. How many ATP (net gain) are produced in cellular respiration from one glucose molecule? _____ net
38. What gas is being released by plants during photosynthesis? _____________________
39. What gas is being absorbed by plants for photosynthesis to occur? __________________
40. What reactant is used in the light dependent reaction? _________________________
What is produced as a result of the light dependent reaction? ____________________
41. What reactant is used in the Calvin Cycle? _________________________
What is produced as a result of the Calvin Cycle? _____________________
42. What reactant is used in the last step of cellular respiration? _______________
Contribution
43. Determined that trees gain most of their mass from water.
44. Found that plants release oxygen.
45. Found that plant release oxygen when exposed to sunlight.
46. The rate of photosynthesis can be affected by what factors?
47. Label the ATP molecule to the right.
Indicate the high energy bonds where energy is stored in the ATP
molecule.
How is this energy released? ______________________________
When the energy has been released from an ATP molecule,
what is the molecule now called? ______________
Scientist
A. Ingenhousz
B. van Helmont
C. Priestley
Name________________________
Bio preAP/GT F11
Mitosis & Meiosis
Use the following terms to fill in the table below:
Chromosomes are duplicated
Interphase
1 Cell Division
4 Haploid Cells produced
Increases variety
Identical cells are produced
Gametes are produced
Body cells are produced
Mitosis
2 Cell Divisions
2 Diploid Cells produced
Cytokinesis occurs
Start with a diploid cell
Both
Meiosis
48.
49.
50.
51.
52.
53.
*Know what occurs in each phase of mitosis AND meiosis.
54. If the parent cell has four chromosomes, then each daughter cell will have how many chromosomes at the
end of mitosis?
55. How many daughter cells are produced during mitosis?
56. If the parent cell has four chromosomes, then each daughter cell will have how many chromosomes at the
end of meiosis?
57. How many daughter cells are produced during meiosis?
58. Which phase of mitosis ensures that the daughter cell has the same number of chromosomes as the parent
cell?
59. To complete mitosis or meiosis, the cytoplasm is divided during a process called:
60. DNA is categorized as what type of macromolecule?
61. What is the importance of meiosis? What happens during crossover of meiosis?
62. For the following, put “diploid” or “haploid” in the blank.
Body cells are __________________. Sex cells (gametes) are __________________. Sperm and egg are
therefore _______________________ and therefore have half of the chromosomes of a body cell.
DNA/RNA
63. What does this diagram represent?
64. Why is this molecule necessary in cell division?
65. Label A-F:
_____Phosphate
_____Nucleotide
_____Hydrogen Bond
_____Base Pair
_____Deoxyribose (Sugar)
_____Base (Such as A, T, G, C)
Name________________________
66. What three structural differences exist between this molecule & RNA?
Bio preAP/GT F11
Matching:
67. Includes Thymine, Guanine, Cytosine and Adenine (T, G, C, A)
68. Process in which DNA unzips & writes its code to make mRNA
69. Monomer of nucleic acids; made up of a nitrogen base, sugar & phosphate
70. Brings the amino acids to the ribosome & places them on the correct codon
71. the shape of DNA which is the result of the base pairs A-T & G-C
72. process of decoding mRNA’s message into a protein
73. the initial product of transcription (contains codons)
74. include Cytosine, Guanine, Adenine & Uracil (C, G, A, U)
75. DNA makes an exact copy of itself so each daughter cell receives an exact
copy of DNA
A. Double Helix
B. 4 bases for DNA
C. 4 bases for RNA
D. Replication
E. Transcription
F. messenger RNA (mRNA)
G. Translation
H. transfer RNA (RNA)
PROTEIN SYNTHESIS
TRANSCRIPTION
TRANSLATION
For the following, put TC (for TRANSCRIPTION) or TL for TRANSLATION.
76. _______ Occurs in the nucleus.
79. _______ Purpose is to produce mRNA.
77. _______ Occurs in the cytoplasm.
80. _______ Purpose is to produce proteins.
78. _______ Requires a ribosome to make protein.
81. Transcribe the DNA strand below by filling in the matching mRNA bases. Then determine the tRNA bases.
Use the mRNA codon chart on p. 303 to fill in the amino acids.
DNA T A C A C G C T C T G C A C A A G A A T T
mRNA
tRNA
Amino
acid
MUTATIONS
Observe the chromosomal mutations & match!
82. the normal chromosome
83. deletion chromosome mutation
84. duplication chromosome mutation
85. translocation chromosome mutation
86. inversion chromosome mutation