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TAXONOMY LAB ORGANISM RELATIONSHIPS
Joy Nissan
9/23/2014
Assignment: SCIE207 Phase 5 Lab Report
Title: Taxonomy Lab to Show Organism Relationships
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TAXONOMY LAB ORGANISM RELATIONSHIPS
Part 1
Table 1: Samples 1–5
Phylum/Division
Sample 1:
Chrysophyta
Sample 2:
Annelida
Sample 3:
Arthropoda
Sample 4:
Amphibia
Sample 5:
Aves
Autotrophic
Heterotrophic
Heterotrophic
Heterotrophic
Heterotrophic
Diffusion
Closed with 5
aortic arches
(hearts)
-chambered
heart
With
chambered
heart
Respiratory System
How does the organism get oxygen and release carbon
dioxide?
Diffusion
Diffusion
through skin
Open
circulatory
system with a
heart pumping
hemolymph
Diffusion
through
tracheal tubes
Diffusion
through lungs
Reproductive System
Does the organism use asexual or sexual reproduction
(eggs, seeds, spores, placenta, and type of fertilization)?
Asexual
Hermaphrodites: Sexual: Mostly
One body has
internal
both sexes
fertilization
Sexual: Has
special organ
called clitellum
that moves from
the front of the
worm to the rear
and then falls
off, containing
the eggs
Diffusion
through gills as
a tadpole
through lungs
and skin
(especially) as
adults
Sexual: Mostly
external
fertilization;
must be in
water or very
moist area
Common Feature
Nutrition
How does the organism break down and absorb food?
Circulatory System (Transport)
How does the organism get what it needs to cells (open,
closed, diffusion only)?
Sexual: Eggs,
internal
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TAXONOMY LAB ORGANISM RELATIONSHIPS
Excretory System
How does the organism get rid of wastes and maintain an
ionic balance of fluids?
Diffusion
Growth and Development
Does the organism go through metamorphosis, develop in
an egg or uterus, or grow from seeds?
Starts as small
cells; grow
bigger until
division
The nucleus
Regulation
How does the organism control body processes (hormones, directs protein
nervous system)?
synthesis.
Euglena have
eye spots that
can detect light
Phytoplankton
Sample organism
Nephridia in
each segment;
solid waste exits
through the anus
Start out as
fertilized eggs,
hatch into little
worms that
continue to
grow, and then
mature sexually
into adults
Tiny anterior
brain, ganglia,
and the nerve
cord runs the
length of the
body
Earthworm
Malpighian
tubules
Kidneys,
intestines, anus
None
Complete (egg,
larvae, pupae,
adult) or
incomplete
(egg, nymph,
adult)
metamorphosis
Metamorphosis: Develop in egg
Egg, tadpole,
adult
Tiny anterior
brain, nerve
cord, ganglia,
and extremely
well-developed
sensory organs
Fruit Fly
Brain, nervous
system, good
reflexes
Nervous and
endocrine
systems
Frog
Bird
Table 2: Samples 6–10
Phylum/Division
Common Feature
Nutrition
How does the organism break down and absorb food?
Circulatory System (Transport)
How does the organism get what it needs to cells (open,
closed, diffusion only)?
Respiratory System
How does the organism get oxygen and release carbon
dioxide?
Reproductive System
Does the organism use asexual or sexual reproduction
Sample 6:
Reptilians
Sample 7:
Mammalia
Sample 8:
Bryophyta
Sample 9:
Gymnosperm
Sample 10:
Angiosperm
Heterotrophic
Heterotrophic
Autotrophic
Autotrophic
Autotrophic
Closed with 4
chambered
heart
Closed with 4
chambered heart
Xylem and
phloem
Xylem and
phloem
Diffusion
through the
lungs
Sexual: Eggs;
internal
Diffusion
through the
lungs
Sexual:
Placental, in-
Diffusion
through cell
walls and cell
membranes
Diffusion
through cell
membranes
Sexual:
Alternation of
Diffusion
through
stomata
Sexual:
Alternation of
Diffusion
through
stomata
Sexual:
Alternation of
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TAXONOMY LAB ORGANISM RELATIONSHIPS
(eggs, seeds, spores, placenta, and type of fertilization)?
uterus
development
(internal)
generations.
Must be in a
moist area for
the sperm to
swim to the
egg
None
generations.
Pollen is the
male sex cell
generations.
Pollen is the
male sex cell
None
None
Seeds
protected in
pods, shells,
fruit, and so
forth
Hormones in
apical bud,
root, stem, and
leaves
Excretory System
How does the organism get rid of wastes and maintain an
ionic balance of fluids?
Growth and Development
Does the organism go through metamorphosis, develop in
an egg or uterus, or grow from seeds?
Kidneys,
intestines, anus
Kidneys,
intestines, anus
Develop in egg
Develop inuterus
Spores, not
seeds
Naked seeds in
cones
Regulation
How does the organism control body processes (hormones,
nervous system)?
Nervous and
endocrine
None
Hormones in
apical bud,
root, and stem
Sample organism
Snake
Big brain; welldeveloped
nervous system
and endocrine
system
Cat
Moss
Pine Tree
Rose
TAXONOMY LAB ORGANISM RELATIONSHIPS
Part 2: Using the completed data table, answer the following questions:
1. What is common among all samples?
 The reproductive system within all the samples are all considered sexual in one form or
another.
2. What is common among organisms from samples 1, 9, and 10?
 Samples 1, 9, and 10 are autotrophic in nature.
3. What is common between the circulatory system of organisms from samples 5, 6, and 7, but
different in organisms from sample 4?
 The commonalities between 5, 6, and 7 are that they all are closed with 4-chambered heart
while sample 4 is closed with a 3-chambered heart.
4. What is common in the respiration system of organisms from samples 2 and 4?
 Both of these samples process diffusion through the skin with one exception, sample 4 can
only process this as an adult.
5. What gas is delivered to the respiratory system of organisms from samples 1, 9, and 10? Why?
 These samples produce Oxygen all through the process of photosynthesis. Plants absorb
carbon dioxide and releases oxygen into the air. Without this gas in the air we could not
survive.
6. Which organisms are producers?
 Autotrophic organisms are the producers.
7. Which organisms are decomposers?
 The heterotrophic organisms are the decomposers.
8. Look at the surface of your hand. You will see the skin and hair made up of protein called keratin.
Which organisms did humans inherit that protein from?
 Mammalia would be where we inherited keratin from. This type of organism produces
hair and skin just the same as a human does.
9. Which organisms have blood?
 The Heterotrophic organisms have blood flowing through their tiny little veins.
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TAXONOMY LAB ORGANISM RELATIONSHIPS
References
1. Jenny, E. (2012), eHow, Which Organisms Are Characterized as Decomposers?
http://www.ehow.com/info_8551069_organisms-characterized-decomposers.html
2. M.U.S.E., AIU Online (2012)
https://mycampus.aiu-online.com/courses/SCIE207/u3/hub1/hub.html
https://mycampus.aiu-online.com/courses/SCIE207/u3/hub1/index.html
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