Download Topic To Know For Chapter 15

Topic To Know For Chapter15
1. Know that cell division requires both a nuclear division and a cytoplasmic division
(cytokinesis). The nuclear division can be either mitosis or meiosis.
2. Know the events of the cell cycle covered in class. What happens in each stage of mitosis.
- genome
- asters
- mitosis
- interphase
- chromosomes
- stages of mitosis
- chromatin ( p. 361 )
- cytokinesis
- sister chromatids
- cell plate
- centromere
- cleavage furrow
3. Know what is the purpose of mitosis and cytokinesis? Know what is the purpose of meiosis
and cytokinesis ?
4. Know the differences between somatic cells (2 sets of chromosomes) and gametic cells (1 set
of chromosomes). Give examples.
5. Know that prokaryotic cells divide by a process called binary fission. Briefly describe the
events covered in class. (p. 382)
6. Be able to give the differences between asexual and sexual reproduction.
- gametes
- clone
7. Know what is meant by a life cycle. Ex. Human life cycle.
8. Be able the describe the following terms:
- homologous chromosomes
- sex chromosomes
- homologue
- autosomes
- karyotype
9. Know what is meant by somatic cells and gametes ( sex cells ).
- chromosome number
- fertilization
- 1 N or N ( haploid )
- zygote
- 2 N ( diploid )
10. Understand the purpose of meiosis. Also, know the stages of meiosis and the events of each
stage.
- somatic cells
- meiosis II
- homologues
- gametes
- synapsis
- chromatids
- tetrads
- diploid
- crossing over
- haploid
- genetic recombination
- meiosis I
- homologous chromosomes
11. Be able to compare mitosis to meiosis as covered in class.
12. Be able to describe the three ways that are used to produced variation in sexually
reproducing organisms.
Topics To Know For Chapter 51
1. Know what is meant by oogenesis and spermatogenesis. How do they relate to meiosis and
cytokinesis in humans and where do they occur; be specific. Know how they differ from what
we saw in chapter 15 on meiosis.
- primary oocyte
- secondary oocyte
- ovum
- polar bodies
- follicle
- ovary
- unequal cytokinesis
- ovulation
- sperm cells
- seminiferous tubules
- testes
- apotosis
Topics To Know For Chapter 16
1. Know what is meant by heredity, variation, and genetics.
2. Know what is meant by genes, locus (loci), and chromosomes.
3. Know about the work of Gregor Mendel as covered in class.
- genes
- cross fertilization
- trait
- breeds true
- allele
- hybrids
- anther – pollen - sperm
- P1
- pistil - ovary - egg
- F1
- ovule – seed
- F2
- self pollenation
- Punnett square
- cross pollenation
- locus
- self fertilization
4. Know what is meant by the law of segregation.
5. Know the meaning of the following terms:
- dominant
- heterozygous
- recessive
- genotype
- homozygous
- phenotype
6. Be able to set up a monohybrid and a dihybrid cross. Work from P1 through F2 generations.
Also be able to give the genotypic and phenotypic ratios.
7. Discuss the purpose of the test cross and work out an example of a test cross on a
monohybrid cross. Make sure you use a Punnett square in your example.
8. Know what is meant by the law of independent assortment. How does it relate to the
dihybrid cross?
9. Know what is meant by complete dominance, codominance, and incomplete dominance. Be
able to do crosses for each type of dominance.
10. Know what is meant by multiple alleles. Use the ABO blood group as an example and
illustrate how it works. Be able to give examples of how the different blood types are
brought about.
11. Know what is meant by pleiotropy, epistasis, polygenic inheretance, and carriers. Also give
examples of each of the terms given.
12. Know how sex is determined in different organisms as covered in class. How do the sex
chromosomes behave in those examples?
Topics To Know For Chapter 17
1. Know what is meant by linked genes. If you inherit one of many linked genes, do you also
inherit the rest? Is there any way that linked genes can be separated from each other?
3. Know what is meant by sex linked genes. How are they inherited? Which sex in humans is
expected to express sex linked genes more frequently?
- homozygous
- hemizygous
- heterozygous
4. Be able to do crosses using sex linked traits for color blindness and hemophilia.
5. Know what is meant by X inactivation and X reactivation. What happens if a female is
heterozygous for a particular trait? How will this affect her phenotype?
- Barr body
- tortoiseshell cat
- mosaic
- calico cat
6. Know how abnormal chromosome numbers arise. What are the effects on plants and
animals?
- nondisjunction
- monosomy
- Klinefelter syndrome
- aneuploidy
- Downs syndrome - Turner syndrome
- trisomy
- trisomy 21
- polyploids