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AP Practice #1 WHAP/Napp The Short-Answer Questions: “On the AP World History exam, test-takers will answer four short-answer questions. Two or more of them will include a stimulus. Each question is divided into either two parts (A and B) or three parts (A, B, and C). A single part might ask for either ONE or TWO examples.” Practice Short-Answer Questions: 1. Answer parts A and B. A. Analyze ONE reason why the Mandate of Heaven was developing by the Zhou Dynasty in China. B. Identify and explain ONE similarity and ONE difference between the power of Chinese rulers under the mandate and the power of the Egyptian pharaoh. Question 2 refers to the passage below. “Women and men have entered the historical process under different conditions and have passed through it at different rates of speed. If recording, defining, and interpreting the past marks man’s entry into history, this occurred for males in the third millennium B.C. It occurred for women (and only some of them) with a few notable exceptions in the nineteenth century. Until then, all History was for women pre-History.” Gerda Lerner, The Creation of Patriarchy, 1986 2. Answer parts A and B. A. Provide TWO pieces of evidence from ancient civilizations that support this argument, and explain how each piece of evidence supports the argument. B. Provide ONE piece of evidence from ancient civilizations that undermines this argument, and explain how it undermines the argument. The Long Essay Question: “Test-takers will answer one of a pair of questions with a long essay in 35 minutes. The question will focus on causation, comparison, continuity and change, or periodization. Before you begin to write, take 5 or 10 minutes to identify key points and plan the structure of your essay. Your essay responses will be evaluated on the strength of the thesis, the support for the argument, the use of historical thinking skill, and the synthesis of information.” Define each of the following: Causation Comparison Continuity and Change Periodization Thesis Synthesis “Begin developing your writing skills as soon as the course starts. Rather than simply writing and rewriting compete essays, break down the skills needed to write an effective AP history essay into sequential steps and work on one of them at a time. Following are six basic steps in writing an essay”: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Analyze the question Organize the evidence. Develop a thesis. Write an introductory paragraph. Write the supporting paragraphs and conclusion. Evaluate the essay. Practice Long Essay Questions: Directions: Write an essay to respond to either question 1 or question 2. State a thesis in the first paragraph, support it with specific historical evidence, and address the historical thinking skill in the question. 1. Analyze relevant historical evidence that supports the conclusion that the Sumerian culture of the years 3000 B.C.E. and 2300 B.C.E. provided the basis for later civilizations in the Middle East. 2. Analyze relevant historical evidence that supports the conclusion that the Olmec culture of the years 1200 B.C.E. and 400 B.C.E. was a foundational culture in Mesoamerica. Directions: For additional preparation, write an essay to respond to each question. 3. Analyze similarities and differences between the religious development of the ancient Hebrews and Aryans. 4. Explain environmental and biological changes and continuities as humans went through the Neolithic revolution, starting about 10,000 years ago. 5. Analyze how human social and political activities changed over time as people moved from hunter-forager bands to settled urban societies. Identify the following Key Terms by Theme: Environment Tigris and Euphrates Mesopotamia Fertile Crescent Carthage Sahara Kalahari Nile River Desertification Indus River Valley Environmental degradation Deforestation Huang He Chiang Jiang Loess Mesoamerica Maize Oceania and Polynesia Ancestor Veneration Golden Age Culture: Literature Scribes The Epic of Gilgamesh Cuneiform Alphabetic Script Hieroglyphics Papyrus Book of the Dead Indo-European Sanskrit Rig-Veda Upanishads Pictographs, glyphs Austronesian speakers Economics Division of Labor Barter Social Structure Patriarchal Clans Feudalism Culture: Religion Polytheistic Ziggurats Astronomy, astrology Hebrews, Israelites, Jews Abraham Moses Ten Commandments Monotheism Jewish Diaspora Theocrats Aten Mummification Aryans Vedas and Vedic Age Brahmin Brahma Dharma Karma Moksha State-Building: Kingdoms Sumer and Sumerians Uruk City-States King and kingdom Babylonians Empire Phoenicians Old, Middle, and New Kingdoms Hyksos Hittites Kush Axum Dravidians Harappa Mohenjo-Daro Chavín civilization Olmec Easter Island Aboriginals State-Building: Leaders Hammurabi King Menes Pharaoh Akhenaton Ramses the Great Xia Dynasty Shang Dynasty Mandate of Heaven Zhou Dynasty