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Unit 5 Review Name_____________________________ Date________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ ______________________ 5. Why is DNA replication called a “semi-conservative” process? 6. What are the three components of a DNA nucleotide? 7. DNA contains C,G,A & T, while RNA has C,G,A & ___. 8. Which of the following pairings of bases agrees with the rules of base pairing? a. A/T and C/G c. C/C and U/U b. U/T and U/G d. G/T and C/A 9. The nitrogenous base pairs forming the “rungs” of the DNA structure are held together by ___________ bonds. 10. What are two parts of Watson and Crick’s model for a DNA molecule? 11. Which types of RNA is(are) involved in protein synthesis? 12. Correct this sentence and write two reasons why it’s wrong: During transcription, an RNA molecule is formed that is complementary to both strands of DNA. 13. How many codons are needed to specify 9 amino acids? 14. What is the tRNA sequence, or anticodon, for the codon UAC? 15. A._____________________ B._____________________ C._____________________ 16. A gene that is transcribed into RNA is said to be ________. 17. True or False: Both eukaryotic and prokaryotic gene expression is regulated by DNA binding proteins. 18. If an mRna molecule = AUG ACG UUU, what amino acids does it code for? 19. What is the original DNA sequence for the mRNA molecule in Question # 17? 20. Illustrate what the DNA (from Q. 18), mRNA and amino acid sequences would look like with a substitution mutation. 21. Illustrate what the DNA (from Q. 18), mRNA and amino acid sequences would look like with a substitution mutation. 22. Type of RNA Abbreviation Function in Protein Synthesis 23. Describe the three structural differences between DNA and RNA. 24. Draw a line matching each scientist, or group of scientists, with a conclusion that they are historically known for Frederick Griffith Through X-ray diffraction, the structure of the DNA molecule was revealed to be a double helix Alfred Hershey & Martha Chase The percentages of guanine [G] and cytosine [C] bases are almost equal in any sample of DNA. The same is true for adenine [A] and thymine [T] Erwin Chargaff When DNA and proteins of bacteriophages were radioactively labeled, the bacteriophages injected only DNA into the bacteria, not proteins. Rosalind Franklin A factor in heat-killed, disease-causing bacteria can “transform” harmless bacteria into disease bacteria. 25. Using the parent strands below, fill in the daughter strand sequence and write out your procedure in complete sentences. A C T G T G A C 26. What three steps lead up to traits and together are considered to be the “Central Dogma of Molecular Biology?”