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Anatomy 2 Final Exam Study Guide
Lymphatic & Immune System
Definitions
Pathogens
Lacteals
Immunocompetence
Resistance
Chyle
Hapten
Susceptibility
edema
Antigen / antibody
Concepts
Know the difference between nonspecific (1st and 2nd lines of defense) and specific
forms of resistance.
Know the primary components of the lymphatic system.
Know the primary functions of the lymphatic and immune systems.
Know the principle ducts and trunks of the lymphatic system.
Know where each duct drains.
Know the sequence of fluid flow in the lymphatic system.
Know the primary and secondary lymphatic organs (red bone marrow, thymus,
lymph nodes, spleen, lymphatic nodules) (location and function).
Know the difference between B cells and T cells
Mucosa-associated lymphatic tissue (MALT) / Tonsils (location / function).
Respiratory System
Definitions
Goblet cells
cilia
Concepts
Principle functions of the respiratory system.
Be able to locate the primary components of the respiratory system. (know the
primary function of each) (External nose, internal nose, pharynx, nasopharynx
oropharynx, laryngopharynx, larynx, trachea, bronchi, lungs).
Differentiate between upper and lower respiratory system.
Differentiate between conducting and respiratory portions.
Know the major branches of the bronchi.
Know the lobes of each lung.
Alveoli / respiratory membrane
Type I & II alveolar cells
Digestive System
Definitions
Digestion
Defecation
Visceral peritoneum
Peritonitis
Peristalsis
Absorption
feces
peritoneal cavity
mastication
chyme
Ingestion
parietal peritoneum
ascites
bolus
emesis
Concepts
Be able to locate the components of the digestive system.
Know the basic function of each component.
Know whether or not each component participates in physical (mechanical)
digestion or chemical digestion.
Know the major salivary glands
Know the three classes of digestive enzymes (protease, lipase, amylase). Know what
they break down and what the break down product is.
Know which substances are absorbed into capillaries and which are absorbed into
lacteals.
Urinary System
Definitions
Filtration membrane
Internal urethral sphincter
fenestrations
detrusor muscle
external urethral sphincter micturition
Concepts
Know the major components of the urinary system (location an function).
Be able to identify the following structures (renal cortex, renal medulla, nephron,
collecting duct, minor calyx, major calyx, renal pelvis, ureter, urinary bladder,
urethra).
Know the microscopic anatomy of a nephron (glomerulus, bowman’s capsule, Renal
tubule [loop of Henle]).
Know the major blood vessels of the kidney (renal artery, segmental artery,
interlobar artery, arcuate artery, glomerular capillaries, interlobar veins, renal vein)
Reproductive System
Definitions
Gametes (spermatocyte, oocyte)
Gonads (testes, ovaries)
Concepts
Be able to identify the following components of the male reproductive system (know
location and function): testes, scrotum, cremaster muscle, dartos muscle,
seminiferous tubules, vas deferens, urethra, prostate gland, bulbourethral gland,
penis.
Be able to identify the following components of the female reproductive system
(know location and function): ovaries, fimbriae, uterine tubes, uterus (cervix,
internal os, external os), vagina, mammary glands,