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Transcript
TEST # 4 (Chapters 6, 7, &8) READ EACH QUESTION CAREFULLY! CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER. 1. Which of the following atoms is found in protein, but not carbohydrate and fat? a. carbon b. hydrogen c. nitrogen d. oxygen 2. A _____ bond is formed between the amino end of one amino acid and the acid end of the next amino acid in a protein. a. peptide b. amino acid c. denatured d. sulfur 3. The sequences of amino acids that make up a protein molecule are specified by? a. age b. sex c. heredity d. the diet 4. High protein diets are generally associated with all of the following except: a. higher intake of fat b. higher intake of soluble fiber c. higher intake of cholesterol d. higher intake of saturated fat 5. Which of the following is a protein catalyst which causes reactions to take place? a. hormone b. antibody c. catalyst d. enzyme 6. How many calories per gram are found in protein? a. 7 b. 9 c. 4 d. 6 7. The DRI for protein for healthy adults is _____ grams per kilogram of body weight. a. 0.5 b. 0.8 c. 1.0 d. 1.5 8. When amino acids are broken down for energy, their nitrogen is stripped off and used elsewhere or incorporated by the liver into _______ and excreted. a. bile b. glucose c. urea d. urine 9. Which of the following categories of food is considered the highest-quality protein? a. vegetables b. meats c. fruits d. fats 10. Which of the following nutrients is found only in animal products? a. vitamin B12 b. vitamin A c. folate d. vitamin c 11. Combining two plant protein foods in a meal so that each provides the essential amino acids lacking in the other is called: a. complementary proteins b. complementation c. simultaneous augmentation d. balancing 12. The best advice for someone who is a vegan is to: a. find out how much of each essential amino acid is required daily b. determine how much of each amino acid is contained in favorite foods c. use a wide variety of protein rich and nutrient-dense foods in generous servings d. take amino acid supplements 13. Which part of an amino acid varies and gives an amino acid its characteristics? a. amine group b. acid group c. side chain d. sulfur group 14. Many vegetarians have adopted lifestyles that differ from those of meat eaters in other ways than diet. a. true b. false 15. Compared to meat eaters, traditional vegetarians tend to have: a. higher fat intakes b. higher intakes of fiber c. higher intakes of alcohol d. higher intakes of low fat meats 16. Which of the following nutrients are of concern to the vegan? a. vitamin C b. vitamin B c. fiber d. iron 17. All of the following are fat-soluble vitamins except: a. K b. E c. C d. D 18. The main function of Vitamin A is? a. maintain vision b. support energy metabolism c. maintain nerve cells d. increase nutrient absorption 19. To be assured of an adequate intake of vitamin A, an adult woman needs ______ micrograms. a. 600 b. 700 c. 800 d. 900 20. The vitamin D deficiency disease in children is known as: a. osteomalacia b. pellagra c. rickets d. osteodystrophy 21. The DRI for folate is _____ micrograms per day for women of childbearing age. a. 180 b. 200 c. 280 d. 400 22. Vitamin E serves as a(n): a. precursor b. vitamin antagonist c. antioxidant d. antivitamin 23. A vitamin E deficiency would be most likely in all of the following situations except in someone who: a. eats a diet high in fat b. uses fat substitutes as the only source of fat c. consumes a low-fat diet composed largely of convenience foods d. has a fat malabsorption disease 24. A non-food source from which vitamin K can be obtained is: a. sunlight b. intestinal bacteria c. antibiotics d. dark green leafy vegetables 25. Which water soluble vitamin helps prevent neural tube defects and is required to be fortified in grain products as of Jan., 1998? a. vitamin A b. vitamin C c. folate d. niacin 26. Megadoses of fat soluble vitamins are generally less toxic than megadoses of water soluble vitamins. a. true b. false 27. If you eat a nutrient poor diet, taking vitamin supplements is the best solution a. true b. false 28. Which of the following is not one of the functions of vitamin C? a. protects against infections b. produces and maintains collagen c. promotes the absorption of iron d. maintains bone density 29. The DRI for vitamin C for a man who smokes is _____ milligrams per day. a. 50 b. 75 c. 100 d. 125 30. Which of the following is not a good source of vitamin C? a. citrus fruits b. strawberries c. milk d. broccoli 31. Which of the following is the primary function of B vitamins? a. coenzyme b. weight loss c. stress relief d. maintain bone density 32. If someone did not meet the DRI for a fat-soluble vitamin one day, you would tell him to: a. increase his consumption of foods rich in fat-soluble vitamins b. supplement his diet with a vitamin-mineral supplement c. not be concerned as long as the diet as a whole meets the DRI d. try to consume more fats and oils to get the needed nutrients 33. Which of the following is a symptom of niacin deficiency? a. diarrhea a. dermatitis b. dementia c. death d. All of the above e. None of the above 34. Dietary supplements can’t make a claim to help a disease if it is not true. a. true b. false 35. Thanks to the FDA’s regulation of dietary supplements, you can feel confident that the dietary supplements you are taking are safe and effective. a. true b. false 36. Which of the following is a reason to argue against the normal, healthy person taking single vitamin supplements? a. vitamin supplements don’t prevent chronic diseases b. megadosing on vitamin supplements can cause unwanted nutrient interactions c. extra amounts of vitamins are not utilized by the body d. supplements are not a substitute for healthful foods e. all of the above 37. Antioxidant nutrients that prevent oxidation in the body by free radicals include: a. vitamin E b. riboflavin c. vitamin K d. vitamin B6 38. Taking large quantities of antioxidant vitamins A, C and E prevents cancer and heart disease. a. true b. false 39. Which of the following makes up about 60 percent of the body’s weight? a. major minerals b. protein c. water d. trace minerals 40. Which of the following is not characteristic of water? a. Its molecules resist being crowded together b. It dissolves amino acids, glucose, and minerals c. It mixes easily, and stays mixed, with oils. d. It acts as a lubricant around joints e. When consumed in large amounts, it causes weight gain 41. Hard water has high concentrations of: a. sodium b. calciumc. magnesium d. a and b e. b and c 42. Which of the following agencies is responsible for ensuring that public water systems meet minimum standards for protection of public health? a. Food and Drug Administration b. Environmental Protection Agency c. Food Safety and Inspection Service d. World Health Organization 43. Which of the following is the most abundant mineral in the body? a. calcium b. phosphorus c. sodium d. iron 44. The chief ion used to maintain the volume of fluid outside cells is: a. potassium b. chloride c. sodium d. calcium 45. If a person has a deficient dietary intake of calcium, what will be the result? a. a reduced rate of calcium absorption b. no change in levels of calcium in the blood because calcium will be pulled from the bones c. a gain of body weight d. lowered levels of calcium in the blood because of the deficiency 46. The DASH diet is more effective in reducing blood pressure than just decreasing sodium alone because it includes which of the following guidelines? a. reduce the intake of dairy products b. add moderate amounts of salt to prepared foods c. greatly increase intakes of fruits and vegetables d. eliminate grain products from the diet 47. Your best friend complains that she is tired all of the time and has a problem concentrating. In addition, she likes to chew ice. Which of the following is your friend likely to have? a. potassium deficiency b. zinc deficiency c. magnesium deficiency d. iron deficiency 48. Osteoporosis is most often associated with: a. heavier body weights b. underweight c. higher body fatness d. exercise 49. A person is consuming 1000 mg a day of sodium preservatives in processed foods along with 2000 milligrams of added salt from the salt shaker on his foods. Is this less than the UL for sodium established by the DRI committee? a. no, 3000 total milligrams of sodium exceeds the UL b. yes, 3000 total milligrams of sodium is within the UL c. no, 1800 total milligrams of sodium exceeds the UL d. yes, 1800 total milligrams of sodium is within the UL 50. Water chlorination is important because: a. it has no effect on many harmful microorganisms found in water b. it has been documented to cause cancer in people who drink it regularly c. alternative treatment systems for water are much less expensive and faster to use d. deaths from organisms in untreated water are high in other parts of the world