Download nutrition b10 - Bakersfield College

TEST # 4 (Chapters 6, 7, &8)
READ EACH QUESTION CAREFULLY! CHOOSE THE BEST ANSWER.
1. Which of the following atoms is found in protein, but not carbohydrate and fat?
a. carbon
b. hydrogen
c. nitrogen
d. oxygen
2. A _____ bond is formed between the amino end of one amino acid and the acid end of the next
amino acid in a protein.
a. peptide
b. amino acid
c. denatured
d. sulfur
3. The sequences of amino acids that make up a protein molecule are specified by?
a. age
b. sex
c. heredity
d. the diet
4. High protein diets are generally associated with all of the following except:
a.
higher intake of fat
b.
higher intake of soluble fiber
c.
higher intake of cholesterol
d.
higher intake of saturated fat
5. Which of the following is a protein catalyst which causes reactions to take place?
a.
hormone
b.
antibody
c.
catalyst
d.
enzyme
6. How many calories per gram are found in protein?
a.
7
b.
9
c.
4
d.
6
7. The DRI for protein for healthy adults is _____ grams per kilogram of body weight.
a.
0.5
b.
0.8
c.
1.0
d.
1.5
8. When amino acids are broken down for energy, their nitrogen is stripped off and used elsewhere or
incorporated by the liver into _______ and excreted.
a.
bile
b.
glucose
c.
urea
d.
urine
9. Which of the following categories of food is considered the highest-quality protein?
a.
vegetables
b.
meats
c.
fruits
d.
fats
10. Which of the following nutrients is found only in animal products?
a.
vitamin B12
b.
vitamin A
c.
folate
d.
vitamin c
11. Combining two plant protein foods in a meal so that each provides the essential amino acids
lacking in the other is called:
a.
complementary proteins
b.
complementation
c.
simultaneous augmentation
d.
balancing
12. The best advice for someone who is a vegan is to:
a.
find out how much of each essential amino acid is required daily
b.
determine how much of each amino acid is contained in favorite foods
c.
use a wide variety of protein rich and nutrient-dense foods in generous servings
d.
take amino acid supplements
13. Which part of an amino acid varies and gives an amino acid its characteristics?
a.
amine group
b.
acid group
c.
side chain
d.
sulfur group
14. Many vegetarians have adopted lifestyles that differ from those of meat eaters in other ways than
diet.
a.
true
b.
false
15. Compared to meat eaters, traditional vegetarians tend to have:
a.
higher fat intakes
b.
higher intakes of fiber
c.
higher intakes of alcohol
d.
higher intakes of low fat meats
16. Which of the following nutrients are of concern to the vegan?
a.
vitamin C
b.
vitamin B
c.
fiber
d.
iron
17. All of the following are fat-soluble vitamins except:
a.
K
b.
E
c.
C
d.
D
18. The main function of Vitamin A is?
a.
maintain vision
b.
support energy metabolism
c.
maintain nerve cells
d.
increase nutrient absorption
19. To be assured of an adequate intake of vitamin A, an adult woman needs ______ micrograms.
a.
600
b.
700
c.
800
d.
900
20. The vitamin D deficiency disease in children is known as:
a.
osteomalacia
b.
pellagra
c.
rickets
d.
osteodystrophy
21.
The DRI for folate is _____ micrograms per day for women of childbearing age.
a.
180
b.
200
c.
280
d.
400
22. Vitamin E serves as a(n):
a.
precursor
b.
vitamin antagonist
c.
antioxidant
d.
antivitamin
23. A vitamin E deficiency would be most likely in all of the following situations except in someone
who:
a.
eats a diet high in fat
b.
uses fat substitutes as the only source of fat
c.
consumes a low-fat diet composed largely of convenience foods
d.
has a fat malabsorption disease
24. A non-food source from which vitamin K can be obtained is:
a.
sunlight
b.
intestinal bacteria
c.
antibiotics
d.
dark green leafy vegetables
25. Which water soluble vitamin helps prevent neural tube defects and is required to be fortified in
grain products as of Jan., 1998?
a.
vitamin A
b.
vitamin C
c.
folate
d.
niacin
26. Megadoses of fat soluble vitamins are generally less toxic than megadoses of water soluble
vitamins.
a.
true
b.
false
27. If you eat a nutrient poor diet, taking vitamin supplements is the best solution
a.
true
b.
false
28. Which of the following is not one of the functions of vitamin C?
a.
protects against infections
b.
produces and maintains collagen
c.
promotes the absorption of iron
d.
maintains bone density
29. The DRI for vitamin C for a man who smokes is _____ milligrams per day.
a.
50
b.
75
c.
100
d.
125
30. Which of the following is not a good source of vitamin C?
a.
citrus fruits
b.
strawberries
c.
milk
d.
broccoli
31. Which of the following is the primary function of B vitamins?
a.
coenzyme
b.
weight loss
c.
stress relief
d.
maintain bone density
32. If someone did not meet the DRI for a fat-soluble vitamin one day, you would tell him to:
a.
increase his consumption of foods rich in fat-soluble vitamins
b.
supplement his diet with a vitamin-mineral supplement
c.
not be concerned as long as the diet as a whole meets the DRI
d.
try to consume more fats and oils to get the needed nutrients
33. Which of the following is a symptom of niacin deficiency?
a.
diarrhea
a.
dermatitis
b.
dementia
c.
death
d.
All of the above
e.
None of the above
34. Dietary supplements can’t make a claim to help a disease if it is not true.
a.
true
b.
false
35. Thanks to the FDA’s regulation of dietary supplements, you can feel confident that the dietary
supplements you are taking are safe and effective.
a.
true
b.
false
36. Which of the following is a reason to argue against the normal, healthy person taking single
vitamin supplements?
a.
vitamin supplements don’t prevent chronic diseases
b.
megadosing on vitamin supplements can cause unwanted nutrient interactions
c.
extra amounts of vitamins are not utilized by the body
d.
supplements are not a substitute for healthful foods
e.
all of the above
37. Antioxidant nutrients that prevent oxidation in the body by free radicals include:
a.
vitamin E
b.
riboflavin
c.
vitamin K
d.
vitamin B6
38. Taking large quantities of antioxidant vitamins A, C and E prevents cancer and heart disease.
a.
true
b.
false
39. Which of the following makes up about 60 percent of the body’s weight?
a. major minerals
b. protein
c. water
d. trace minerals
40. Which of the following is not characteristic of water?
a. Its molecules resist being crowded together
b. It dissolves amino acids, glucose, and minerals
c. It mixes easily, and stays mixed, with oils.
d. It acts as a lubricant around joints
e. When consumed in large amounts, it causes weight gain
41. Hard water has high concentrations of:
a. sodium
b. calciumc.
magnesium
d. a and b
e. b and c
42. Which of the following agencies is responsible for ensuring that public water systems meet
minimum standards for protection of public health?
a. Food and Drug Administration
b. Environmental Protection Agency
c. Food Safety and Inspection Service
d. World Health Organization
43. Which of the following is the most abundant mineral in the body?
a. calcium
b. phosphorus
c. sodium
d. iron
44. The chief ion used to maintain the volume of fluid outside cells is:
a. potassium
b. chloride
c. sodium
d. calcium
45. If a person has a deficient dietary intake of calcium, what will be the result?
a. a reduced rate of calcium absorption
b. no change in levels of calcium in the blood because calcium will be pulled from the bones
c. a gain of body weight
d. lowered levels of calcium in the blood because of the deficiency
46. The DASH diet is more effective in reducing blood pressure than just decreasing sodium alone
because it includes which of the following guidelines?
a. reduce the intake of dairy products
b. add moderate amounts of salt to prepared foods
c. greatly increase intakes of fruits and vegetables
d. eliminate grain products from the diet
47. Your best friend complains that she is tired all of the time and has a problem concentrating. In
addition, she likes to chew ice. Which of the following is your friend likely to have?
a. potassium deficiency
b. zinc deficiency
c. magnesium deficiency
d. iron deficiency
48. Osteoporosis is most often associated with:
a. heavier body weights
b. underweight
c. higher body fatness
d. exercise
49. A person is consuming 1000 mg a day of sodium preservatives in processed foods along with 2000
milligrams of added salt from the salt shaker on his foods. Is this less than the UL for sodium
established by the DRI committee?
a. no, 3000 total milligrams of sodium exceeds the UL
b. yes, 3000 total milligrams of sodium is within the UL
c. no, 1800 total milligrams of sodium exceeds the UL
d. yes, 1800 total milligrams of sodium is within the UL
50. Water chlorination is important because:
a. it has no effect on many harmful microorganisms found in water
b. it has been documented to cause cancer in people who drink it regularly
c. alternative treatment systems for water are much less expensive and faster to use
d. deaths from organisms in untreated water are high in other parts of the world