Download USHG 8-Mr. Garcia Name Civil War Battle Timeline Chapters 16

USHG 8-Mr. Garcia
Civil War Battle Timeline Chapters 16 & 17
DATE
BATTLE
April 12,
1861
Fort Sumter
July 21,
1861
First Bull Run
(First Manassas)
February 6
and 16,
1862
Battles of Fort
Henry and
Donelson
March 9,
1862
Battle of the
Ironclads
Name __________________________
Date ________________ Period _____
DETAILSRESULT-WHO WON?
GENERALS/OBJECTIVES/CASUALTIES
-Charleston Harbor, SC
Confederate victory when Union
-Anderson Union
surrenders
-Beauregard Confederate
SIGNIFICANCE
-Beginning of Civil War
-Manassas, VA
-Beauregard Confederate vs
McDowell Union
-Union attempt take Richmond the
Confederate capital
-Introduction of Stonewall Jackson
Confederate victory
-South thrilled
-North is shocked,
underestimated their opponent
-Lincoln calls for army of 500,000
volunteers
-Ft. Henry on Tennessee River and
Ft. Donelson on Cumberland River
-Ulysses S. Grant-Union
-Objective was to take Tennessee
-4,332 casualties
Union victory
-Opens a river highway to the
South
-Union troops march into
Nashville
-off the coast of VA
-new warships covered with iron
Merrimack vs Monitor
-Four-hour battle
Draw
-New era of naval warfare
-New war technology
-Confederates burn Merrimack
April 6-7,
1862
Battle of Shiloh
-Near Pittsburg Landing TN
-Grant and Sherman Union vs
Johnston and Beauregard
Confederate
-Johnston attacks Grant to drive
him out of South
-Union casualties-13,000
-Confederate casualties-11,000
Union victory
-fiercest fighting in the CW so far
- “A very bloody affair”
- “A war of conquest…”
April 24,
1862
Battle of
New Orleans
-Farragut-Union fleet commander
-Objective to control N.O. and the
Miss. River
Union Victory
June 25,
1862
The Seven Days’
Battles
-Union captures New Orleanslargest city in the South
-only 150-mile stretch of Miss.
River still controlled by
Confederacy
-heavy blow to South
-Union well on way to goal of
splitting the Confederacy in two
-along with Second Bull Run-Lee
ends Union threat in VA
August
29-30,
1862
-near Richmond VA
-McClellan tries to capture
Richmond
-Robert E. Lee in charge of Army of
Northern VA
-JEB Stuart Commander of
Confederate Cavalry
-McClellan forced to retreat
-36,000 casualties
-Union-16,000 casualties and 1700
killed
-Confed.-20,000 casualties and 3500
killed
Second Bull Run
-Manassas VA
(Second Manassas) -Union-John Pope
-Confederate-Robert E. Lee
-22, 100 casualties
-Union 1700 killed
-Confederate 1300 killed
Confederate victory
Confederate victory
-along with Seven Days ends
Union threat in VA
-Gives Lee the opportunity to
move his army into Maryland
(invade the Union)
September
1862
Lee invades the North
Details:1. Lee hoped a victory in the North would force Lincoln to talk peace
2. the invasion would give VA farmers a break from war during harvest season
3. Confederate soldiers could plunder Northern farms for food
4. Lee wanted to convince European countries to side with South
September
17, 1862
Battle of Antietam
Creek
-near Sharpsburg MD
-Union McClellan
-Confed-Lee
-Union soldier finds Lee’s battle
plans and McClellan decides to
attack and stop Lee’s army
-23,000 casualties
-Union 2,100 killed
-Confederacy 1,500 killed
Inconclusive but Lincoln claims
victory
December
11-15, 1862
Battle of
Fredericksburg
Confederate-Robert E. Lee
-Confederate victory
Union-Ambrose Burnside
17,929 total casualties
-one of the largest and deadliest
battles of the war
-200,000 combatants-largest
concentration of soldiers in the war
-fought in streets of Fredericksburg,
first urban battle of war
-bloodiest day in all of American
history
-McClellan does not pursue Lee
and is fired by Lincoln (Nov 1862)
-Mathew Brady’s pictures on
display in NY
-Lincoln uses claim of victory to
issue the Emancipation
Proclamation
-great Confederate victory
-Lee quote: ““It is well that war is
so terrible, or we should grow
too fond of it.”
-Lincoln removes Burnside as
commander of the Army of the
Potomac
DATE
January 1,
1863
April 21May 11,
1863
BATTLE
DETAILSRESULT-WHO WON?
SIGNIFICANCE
GENERALS/OBJECTIVES/CASUALTIES
President Lincoln signs the Emancipation Proclamation
Details: 1. Abolitionists urge Lincoln to emancipate enslaved persons
2. Lincoln hesitates/did not believe Const. gave him the power
3. After Antietam he decides to act
4. January 1, 1863-Lincoln issues Emancipation Proclamation-frees all slaves in Confederate territory
5. even though it freed few slaves-it changed the goal of the war to liberation
6. EP also accepted African-American men into Union Army; many joined, by end of war 180,000 black
soldiers
Battle of
Chancellorsville
Confederate-Lee
Union-Hooker
30,764 casualties
Confederate victory
-at the time Chancellorsville
was the bloodiest
battle…more than Antietam,
Shiloh, Second Bull Run …at
least until Gettysburg
-loss of Stonewall Jackson for
the Confederate side
Union victory
Lee’s hopes for a Confederate
victory in the North crushed
-Stonewall Jackson (Confederate)
takes30,000 men and swings around the
enemy, launches a surprise attack on
Hooker
July 1-3,
1863
-Jackson shot by own men; loses left arm
and then dies of pneumonia
Battle of Gettysburg -June 1863, Lee crosses into southern PA
-Shoes @Gettysburg—July 1 Union and
Confederate troop meet
-Meade has 90,000 troops and Lee has
75,000
-three-day battle
-Pickett’s charge on third day-13,000
charge middle of Union Line
-North has 23,000 casualties and South
has 28,000
Lee takes army back to VA
July 4, 1863
Battle (Siege) of
Vicksburg
-Vicksburg was last major Confederate
stronghold on Miss River
-Grant had begun attacking in May
-direct hits did not work…settled in for
siege-prevented delivery food and
supplies
-Confederates run out of food and
surrender
Union victory
-North has complete control
over Miss River now
-With Gettysburg-tide of war
changes in favor of North
-Britain gave up all thought of
supporting the South
-Lincoln finally finds a man to
fight Lee-Grant
July 13,
1863
New York Draft Riots
Details: 1. Union passes a draft law in March 1863
2. draft was very unpopular
3. anger over the draft and simmering racial tensions led to four days of riots
4. property destroyed and over 100 killed-many are African-American
July 18,
1863
Fort Wagner
[54th
Massachusetts]
Fort Wagner SC
54th Most famous Black Regiment of war
Commanded by Robert Gould Shaw
1,700 casualties
54th loses almost half of men
Confederate victory
Did not succeed in taking the
Fort-but bravery increased AfAmer enlistments in Union
Army
May 2-3
1863
Chancellorsville
-Union-Joseph Hooker
-Confederate-Robert E. Lee
-Lee shreds the Union forces with half as
many men
-30,760 casualties
-17,300 Union
-13,400 Confederate
Confederate victory
-Stonewall Jackson killed by
own troops
-gave Lee motivation to move
north again
-Lee hoped that Confederate
victory in north would bring
calls for peace and lead
European nations to aid the
South
November
19, 1863
Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address:
Details: 1. November 19, 1863
2. officials gather at Gettysburg to dedicate national cemetery
3. Lincoln delivers a 2-minute speech
4. Main ideas:
a. nation based on equality
b. this war is to preserve our country
c. here to dedicate part of battlefield as cemetery
d. soldier’s actions are most important—not the dedication
e. the living must finish the work of the soldiers-make sure freedom survives and democracy
endures
Themes/ideas of Gettysburg Address
1. equality
2. liberty/freedom
3. unity/union
4. sacrifice
5. democracy
6. endurance
Nov 23-25,
1863
Battle of
Chattanooga
March 2,
1864
May 5-19,
1864
Ulysses S. Grant named General –in-Chief of Union armies.
June 1-3,
1864
The Battle of Cold
Harbor in Virginia
The Battles of the
Wilderness and
Spotsylvania
-Chattanooga TN
-US Grant-Union
-Bragg-Confederate
-12,500 total casualties
-Grant vs Lee
-staggering losses on both sides
-approx. 30,000 casualties for both sides
in each
-Spotsylvania and Orange Counties in VA
-Hanover County VA
-Lee vs Grant/Meade
-17,000 casualties
Union victory
-Stage set for Union invasion
into deep South and
Sherman’s Atlanta campaign
Both are inconclusive
Grant emerges as a leader
who will persevere
Confederate victory
Grant sends Meade on to
Petersburg
March 1864
July 18September
3, 1864
Sherman’s March to the Sea
Details: 1. Sherman appointed by Grant to push deep into South to Atlanta and to Atlantic coast
2. Total war-tore up railroad lines, destroyed crops, burned and looted towns
3. path of destruction-60 miles wide and 300 miles long
The Battles for
Part of Sherman’s Total War Sherman vs Union victory
Atlanta
Hood
9,000 casualties
December
21, 1864
Sherman captures
Savannah, Georgia
Georgia and Confederacy are destroyed
(part of March to Sea Campaign)
Petersburg VA-South of Richmond
Grant vs Lee
Almost 8,000 casualties
Union victory
March 25April 2, 1865
Battle [Siege] of
Petersburg
Union victory
November
8, 1864
Lincoln is re-elected to second term as President
Details: 1. Re-elected in 1864 with 55% of popular vote
2. defeated George McClellan who had campaigned on anti-war platform
3. Second Inaugural Address- “With malice towards none…”
April 9, 1865
Lee surrenders at Appomattox Courthouse, Virginia
Details: 1. Lee flees Richmond and Petersburg
2. Lee knows the situation is hopeless
3. Lee sends note to Grant-ready to surrender
4. Lee surrenders on April 9, 1865 at Appomattox Court House
-Northerners could sense
victory
-Lincoln needed this victory
…running for re-election in
1864
-after Sherman takes Atlanta,
Lincoln wins with 55% of
popular vote
-Sherman marches on to
Savannah
-Christmas gift for Lincoln-150
heavy guns and 25,000 bales
of cotton
-Sherman now heads north to
meet Grant in VA
-Lee leaves, leaving Richmond
undefended
-Leads to Fall of Richmond on
April 3 1865