Download DNA/RNA/protSynth practicE/REVIEW quiz KEY dna_practice_quiz

NAME
DATE:
PERIOD:
DNA. RNA and Protein Synthesis Practice Quiz:
Fill in the blanks:
1. Each nucleotide in DNA consists of three basic parts: a sugar called deoxyribose
nitrogenous base
, a phosphate
group, and a
.
2. The nucleus/DNA/chromosomes
is the part of the cell that gives cells information about what to do and how to do
it.
3. In one example of the process of transformation
, heat killed bacteria transfer their disease causing ability to
harmless live cells.
4. A team of scientists led by
Avery
5. DNA is duplicated in the process of
determined that the transforming factor was
replication
DNA
.
.
6. Chargaff/Wilkins/Franklin/Watson and Crick investigated the ratio of nucleotide bases of DNA.
7. The individual units of DNA are called nucleotides
.
8. In DNA, adenine pairs with
, whereas
cytosine
9. The double helix model was proposed by
Watson
and
10. Base pairing (weak hydrogen bonds)
is the force that holds the two strands of DNA molecule together.
thymine
pairs with guanine.
Crick
.
Place the diagrams in the correct order by writing #1-3 above the diagram and describe what is happening in the
blank below the diagram.
2- complementary bases attach to template
3- two molecules of DNA identical to each other and the original molecule are made
1- DNA “unzips”
1. What process is shown in these diagrams?
DNA replication
2. What other molecule is required for the “unzipping” process? Enzymes
Fill in the chart below. If a term applies to DNA, place a check mark in the column labeled DNA. If it applies to
RNA, place a check mark in the column labeled RNA (write type of RNA in box if you know it). If it applies to both
nucleic acids, place a check mark in both columns.
Nucleotides- both
Double helix- DNA
Deoxyribose-DNA
Replication- DNA
Ribose- RNA
Transcription- DNA to mRNA (both)
Single stranded- RNA
Exact copy- DNA
Double stranded- DNA
Messenger- mRNA
Nitrogenous bases- both
More than one form- RNA
Thymine- DNA
Found in nucleus- DNA and mRNA
Uracil- RNA
Leaves nucleus- mRNA
Template for synthesis of nucleic acid- DNA
Does not leave nucleus- DNA
NAME
DATE:
PERIOD:
In your own words, define each of the following in terms of its function.
1. Triplet: the three sequences of nucleotides on DNA that code for an amino acid
2. Codon: the three sequences of nucleotides on mRNA that code for an amino acid- transcribed from DNA
3. Anti-codon:
the three nucleotide sequence on tRNA that base pairs with mRNA
4. Transfer RNA (tRNA): the molecule that brings the amino acid to the ribosome for protein synthesis. The amino acid
corresponds to the anti-codon on the opposite end of tRNA
5. Ribosomal RNA (rRNA): the type of RNA found in the ribosome that helps “read” the mRNA strand
6. Translation: the process by with the message in mRNA is translated into a string of amino acids or polypeptide.
Polypeptides can be put together to form large proteins
Use the information in the chart below to complete the table. The first row has been completed to help you get
started:
Key to chart:
Done for you:
1. AAA-UUU-AAA-Phenylalanine
2. GTC-CAG-GUC-Glutamine
3. ACT-UGA-ACU-Stop
4. TAC-AUG-UAC-Methionine
5. GAT-CUA-GAU-Leucine
6. CAC-GUG-CAC-Valine
Given the following three mRNA sequences, 2 code for the same protein. Which two?
#1. AGU UUA GCA ACG AGA UCA
#2 UCG CUA GCG ACC AGU UCA
#3 AGC CUC GCC ACU CGU AGU
Mutations: Use your activity and/or notes for these questions:
DIRECTIONS: Transcribe and translate the original DNA sequence. Then, do the same for each
mutated DNA sequence. Then, determine the consequence, if any, for each mutation, by
circling your choice for each question. You will need a Genetic Code Chart.
Original DNA
sequence:
TAC
ACC
TTG GCG ACG ACT
mRNA transcript:
AUG
UGG
AAC
CGC
UGC
UGA
amino acids:
Met
Tryp
Aspa
Arg
Ser
Stop
NAME
DATE:
Mutated DNA
sequence #1:
mRNA transcript:
(Circle any changes)
amino acids:
Type of
mutation
(Circle one.)
How did the
mutation affect
the amino acid
sequence
(protein)?
(Circle one.)
AUG
UAG
Met
Stop
amino acids:
AAC
CGC
1 amino
acid
changed
UGC
Frameshift

Substitution
No change
mRNA transcript:
(Circle any changes)
Type of
mutation
(Circle one.)
How did the
mutation affect
the amino acid
sequence
(protein)?
(Circle one.)
TAC ATC TTG GCG ACG ACT
Point

Mutated DNA
sequence #2:
PERIOD:
Premature
stop signal
No stop
signal
UGA
Insertion
1 amino acid
added/
deleted
or
Deletion
All the amino acids
changed after the
point of mutation
TAC GAC CTT GGC GAC GAC T
AUG
MET
Point

No change
CAG
GAA
CCG
CUG
CUG
GLUT
GLUT
ACID
PRO
LEUC
LEUC
Frameshift

Substitution
1 amino
acid
changed
Premature
stop signal
No stop
signal
Insertion
1 amino acid
added/
deleted
or
Deletion
All the amino acids
changed after the
point of mutation