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Transcript
Student Learning Map for Unit: The Present and Future of the Marine Environment (6.2) Key Learning(s): Niche organisms play an important role in their ecosystem and can be supplanted by non-native species. Conditions challenge organisms and dictate population diversity in habitats. Resources are distributed unevenly throughout the Earth and its oceans. Marine policy has evolved over time in reaction to economic and environmental stimuli. Humanity and natural processes have effects on ecosystems such as coral reefs around the world. Students have opportunities to be stewards of the oceans. Unit Essential Question(s): What is ecology? How does the flow of energy through the food web affect an ecosystem? What factors affect the productivity of an ecosystem? Why do human activities have wide-ranging potential effects on coastal ecosystems? How would you classify the broad range of marine resources? Who owns marine resources? What does biodiversity mean to you? Are the ocean and the atmosphere linked together? What are the different classifications of pollutants and their effects? What is the “Tragedy of the Commons” and how has it applied to the oceans? How do we construct marine policy for effective stewardship of the oceans? Concept: Concept: Concept: Concept: Polar and Deep Sea Ecosystems Resource Classification – Nonrenewable and Renewable Biological Resources The State of the World’s Fisheries – A Bleak Picture Lesson Essential Question(s): Lesson Essential Question(s): Lesson Essential Question(s): Lesson Essential Question(s): What conditions challenge marine ecosystems in the polar regions? (A) Where and when do you find the most productivity in the polar regions? (A) What is the difference between a physical resource and a biological resource? (A) What is the difference between a renewable resources and a nonrenewable resource? (A) What has happened to whale populations since 1900? (A) Why were whale populations sustainable despite hunting until 1868? (A) What is maximum sustainable yield? (A) What potential problems result from commercial fishing for species low in the food web? (A) What makes the Antarctic seas some of the most productive marine ecosystems? (A) What provides nutrients for most of the deep ocean? (A) What type of organisms are found most commonly in the abyssal zone? (A) What 2 deep sea ecosystems have primary productivity associated with chemicals emerging from the Earth? (A) Why do scientists know little about ecosystems existing in the hadal zone? (A) KEY: (A) – Acquisition Lesson (ET) – Extended Thinking How do scientists think that oil and natural gas form? (A) Other than iron and manganese, what minerals exist in ferromanganese nodules? (A) Despite their potential value, why aren’t ferromanganese nodules exploited as a mineral resource? (A) What products do manufacturers make using seawater evaporites? (A) What 2 physical marine resources are second only to gas and oil in terms of their economic value? (A) In what ways can the ocean supply renewable energy for human use? (A) How do we get fresh water from the sea? (A) What are nonextractive resources? (A) What is ecotourism? (A) What fur-bearing marine mammals are used as biological resources? (A) How do we use algae as a food resource? (ET) What is the growth trend in aquaculture? (A) What is bioprospecting and how does it relate to the development of new drugs? (A) What proportion of the protein in the human diet comes from the ocean? (A) What fish group accounts for the largest commercial harvest? (A) What is the predicted trend for worldwide fisheries with respect to demand? (A) What indirect effects does overfishing have on the environment? (ET) What are the 5 primary methods of commercial fishing? (A) Vocabulary: Antarctic convergence Antarctic divergence Abyssal zone Chemosynthetic ecosystem Hadal zone Hydrothermal vent Marine snow Whale fall Vocabulary: Biological resources Blubber Desalinization Distillation Ecotourism Ferromanganese nodules Hydrocarbons Magnesium compounds Methane Methane hydrates Nonextractive resources Nonrenewable recources Phosphorite Physical resources Renewable resources Reserve rock Reverse osmosis Reverse osmosis Source rock Model from Learning-Focused Strategies. Thompson, M., Thompson, J. (2008) Vocabulary: Aboriginal hunting Algin Aquaculture Bioprospecting Commercial worldwide fish catch Harpoon Indigenous people Industrial fishing International Whaling Commission (IWC) Mariculture Moratorium United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) Vocabulary: Maximum sustainable yield Overfishing National Marine Fisheries Service Pew Ocean Commission Commercial fishing Drift net Gill net Government subsidies Longline fishing Purse seine nets Trawling