Download StudyGuide-for-Oceans-2015-key

Name _______________________
Date ___________ period_______
Study Guide for the Test on Ocean Chemistry, Topography and Waves 2016
_D___ 1. wavelength
_C___ 2. crest
_B___ 3. trough
_A___ 4. wave height
5.Many tsunamis are caused by ______________________________ ( tides or Earthquakes )
6. A tsunami starts when a huge volume of ____________________ is displaced. ( Water or air )
7. Ocean water is composed of ______ dissolved salts.
( 75%
or
3.5% }
8. An increase in ocean salinity can increase _Density___, creating deep water currents.
( wavelength or
density )
9. The size of a wave in the open ocean depends on _________________________________________________.
( particle motion
or
the strength of the wind )
10. An object floating in the open ocean will _______________________________________________________.
( move towards the shore as the waves come in
or
remain in approximately the same place )
11.Describe how a wave breaks on the shore (put the step in order)
Moving water molecules hit the ocean floor and the top of the wave falls over the now slower moving bottom. The
top of the wave breaks and water moves toward shore
12. Continental shelf ___A__ how it was created ___Edge of the continent made of granite__________________
13. Deep sea trench ____C__ how it was created Subduction zone w/ ocean crust going under continental crust
14. Mid ocean ridge __D___ how it was created Divergent plate boundary oceanic crust moving apart
15. Abyssal plain __G___ how it was created Flat ocean floor due to accumulation of sediment
17
16.
18.
Pacific
Artic
Pacific
Atlantic
19.
a. Atlantic Ocean
Waves
Indian
Southern
Southern Ocean
b. Pacific Ocean
20.
c. Indian Ocean
d. Arctic Ocean
21. The size of a wave is NOT affected by the (strength of the wind, salinity of the water)
22. As a wave nears shore the wave height increases and the wavelength _Decreases__.
Ocean Chemistry
23. Salinity is a measure of how much __Salt (Sodium Chloride, NaCl)___ there is in water.
24. Which salt is the most abundant in sea water? _Sodium_ Chloride
25. What area of the ocean will have the lowest salinity _Near the mouth of a river
(the deepest parts of the ocean, a bay at the mouth of a river)
Tides
26. The daily rise and fall of water on Earth’s coastlines are called __Tides___________
27. The __Gravity___ of the Moon__ and the _Sun__ causes tides on Earth.
28. A tide with the LEAST difference between high and low tides is known as a Neap tide.
29. . A tide with the GREATEST difference between high and low tides is known as a Spring tide.
Currents
30. A large stream of moving water that flows through an ocean is known as a _Current_.In the
31. Surface currents are caused by _____Wind____.
32. Northern Hemisphere currents curve to the right because of the Coriolis Effect_
33. A large powerful warm surface current in the Atlantic Ocean that affects the climate of land in its path is the
_Gulf____ ____Stream_____
34. If you were floating in a raft in the Gulf Stream, you and the raft would _________________________________.
( move with the current
or
not move with the current )
35. What causes deep cold currents to form near the poles? (The sinking of freshwater from melting icebergs, The sinking
of dense cold water with high salinity)
36. A ___Density ____ current typically carries cold dense water from the poles toward the equator.
37. The movement of cold, nutrient-rich, water, deep ocean water to replace warm water at the surface is called
__Upwelling___
38. Slow-moving, cold currents may rise to the surface. This ____ of cold water carries food particles to the surface,
resulting in areas of good fishing. ( upwelling or tide ).
39. Deep currents are caused by differences in the Salinity__ of ocean water.
40. Compare and contrast waves and currents. Include surface waves, surface currents, tsunamis, and deep curre
Waves
Both
Two main kinds
 Electromagnetic
 Mechanical
Water Waves



Mechanical-Made of
H2O
Transverse
1. Crest
2. Trough
3. Amplitude
4. Frequency-Hz
Energy moves forward
the molecules move in
little circles
Form longshore drift
currents at the beach


Currents
Waves and surface
currents are created by
friction from the wind.
Found in and over the
same parts of the ocean
Two main kinds

Surface Currents-Rivers
of water within the
ocean
1. Found at the
surface of the
water
2. Formed by wind
Density Currents- Flow
from areas of high
density to areas of low
density
1. Salinity makes
water denser
2. Occur at or near
the bottom of
the ocean
3. UpwellingDensity hits
land or another
obstacle, brings
dead stuff and
other nutrients
up and lots of
fish eat it.