Download File

Quiz Date: ______________________
Test Date: ______________________
Name _______________________
Unit 3
Plant Reproduction and Photosynthesis Study Guide
SOL 4.4
Lesson 1: What Are Some Plant Structures? page 103
1.
Plants are made up of different parts. Plants need leaves, a(n) stem,
and roots to live.
2.
Roots carry out three (number) main tasks for plants:
a. Roots absorb water and minerals or nutrients, from the
soil.
b. Roots anchor a plant in place. Larger plants would fall over
without roots, and smaller plants could blow away.
c. Some roots store food for a plant.
3.
A single, thick root is called a(n) taproot. A dandelion has a
taproot and is very difficult to pull out of the ground.
4.
Roots that spread out in the soil are called fibrous roots.
5.
The stem of a plant carries water, minerals, and other nutrients to and from
the roots and leaves.
6.
Stems also support plants, holding them up.
7.
The main food-making parts of a plant are the leaves. Leaves use
sunlight to produce sugar for the plant’s food.
8.
The green substance in leaves that traps sunlight to produce food is called
chlorophyll. It gives plants their green color.
9.
The process by which plants make their own food is called
photosynthesis. This process takes place in the leaves.
10.
During photosynthesis, plants capture light energy and combine it with
water and carbon dioxide to make food (a simple
sugar) and oxygen.
11.
Plants release oxygen into the air for us to breathe.
Word Bank: minerals, fibrous, taproot, water, water, chlorophyll, carbon dioxide,
oxygen, support, store, anchor, leaf, roots, stem, stem, leaves, photosynthesis
12.
The leaves on decidous trees change color and fall to the
ground each fall.
13.
During this time, the trees are still alive but are dormant or
inactive. The trees drop their leaves to save water during the winter. In the
spring, new leaves will grow.
14.
Evergreen trees are coniferous trees and do not drop their leaves in
the fall. Their needles have a thick outer layer to prevent water loss.
15.
A cactus plant is designed for a hot, dry environment. Its roots spread
out and are close to the surface to absorb water. Its stem can hold or
store water. A cactus has adapted to live in a desert.
Lesson 2: How Do Plants Reproduce? page 117
Plants can be classified into two groups, plants that produce seeds and
plants that produce spores.
A new plant can grow from a(n) seed or a(n) spore.
Seeded Plants:
1.
The process by which a seed begins to grow into a new plant is called
germination.
2.
Seeds need water and warm temperatures to germinate.
3.
The outer protection of a seed is called a(n) seed coat. Some seed
coats hold waxes and oils to help prevent water loss.
4.
Inside a seed is stored food for the young plant.
Word Bank: dormant, warm, germination, coniferous, deciduous, roots, seed coat
spore, spore, water, food, seed, seeds, store
5.
The small plant inside the seed is called a(n) embryo. The stem and
leaves will grow from this embryo.
6.
In most plants, seeds are made in the pistil. A new flower bud
is protected by the sepals.
7.
Flowering plants include plants such as zucchini, tomato, apple trees, dogwood
trees, tulips, daffodils, and crepe myrtle trees.
Flowering Plant Life Cycle:
Pollination page 122
8.
The two reproductive parts of the flower are the pistil and
stamen.
9.
Pollen is produced in the anther of the stamen. The long part of the
stamen is called the filament.
10.
Pollen moves from the stamen to the stigma. This process is called
pollination.
11.
The pollen sticks to the stigma or sticky part of the pistil.
12.
Pollen travels down the long tube in the middle of the plant called the
style. The style leads to the bottom part of the pistil, the
ovary.
13.
An egg is located in the ovary in the ovule.
14.
Plants rely on pollinators (birds, insects, and other animals), wind or
water to help move the pollen to the pistil.
Fertilization page 120:
15.
The pollen moves down the pistil to the ovary. Pollen combines with the egg in
a process called fertilization. A seed will develop from the fertilized egg.
Seeds on the Move page 126:
16.
Seeds are carried (dispersed) by wind, water or animals.
17.
Some seeds have “hooks” that stick to an animal’s fur and will be carried
away to fall in a new location.
18.
Some seeds have “wings” that will carry a seed in the wind to a new place.
19.
Other seeds will float and may be carried by water to a new location to
grow.
Word Bank: pollination, fertilization, embryo, ovule, ovary, anther, filament, style,
stamen, sepals, stigma, pistil, pistil, fur, animals, wind, wind, water, water, water
Spore Plants:
20.
Some plants do not have flowers or seeds. These plants reproduce with
spores. Spores are tiny cells that grow into new plants. Plants that
produce spores use these cells to reproduce in place of seeds.
21.
Two plants that reproduce with spores are ferns and mosses.
Word Bank:
ferns, mosses, spores