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Chemistry Chapter 2 Matching Match each item with the correct statement below. a. mixture d. reactant b. product e. heterogeneous mixture c. phase f. vapor ____ ____ ____ ____ ____ 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. gaseous state of substance that is a liquid or solid at room temperature a physical blend of two or more components not uniform in composition a substance formed in a chemical reaction starting substance in a chemical reaction Match each item with the correct statement below. a. distillation d. compound b. mass e. element c. chemical reaction f. homogeneous ____ 6. ____ 7. ____ 8. ____ 9. ____ 10. amount of matter an object contains describes mixture with a uniform composition a process in which a liquid is boiled to produce a vapor that is condensed again into a liquid substance that cannot be changed into simpler substances by chemical means composed of two or more substances chemically combined in a fixed proportion Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. ____ 11. Which of the following is NOT an example of matter? a. air c. smoke b. heat d. water vapor ____ 12. A golf ball has more mass than a tennis ball because it ____. a. takes up more space c. contains different kinds of matter b. contains more matter d. has a definite composition ____ 13. An example of an extensive property of matter is ____. a. temperature c. mass b. pressure d. hardness ____ 14. All of the following are physical properties of matter EXCEPT ____. a. mass c. melting point b. color d. ability to rust ____ 15. Which of the following is NOT a physical property of water? a. It has a boiling point of 100 C. b. It is a colorless liquid. c. It is composed of hydrogen and oxygen. d. Sugar dissolves in it. ____ 16. Which of the following are considered physical properties of a substance? a. color and odor c. malleability and hardness b. melting and boiling points d. all of the above ____ 17. A vapor is which state of matter? a. solid c. gas b. liquid d. all of the above ____ 18. A substance that forms a vapor is generally in what physical state at room temperature? a. solid c. gas b. liquid d. liquid or solid ____ 19. Which state of matter has a definite volume and takes the shape of its container? a. solid c. gas b. liquid d. both b and c ____ 20. Which state of matter takes both the shape and volume of its container? a. solid c. gas b. liquid d. both b and c ____ 21. Which state of matter is characterized by having an indefinite shape, but a definite volume? a. gas c. solid b. liquid d. none of the above ____ 22. Which state of matter expands when heated and is easy to compress? a. gas c. solid b. liquid d. all of the above ____ 23. All of the following are physical properties of a substance in the liquid state EXCEPT ____. a. indefinite volume c. not easily compressed b. definite mass d. indefinite shape ____ 24. Which of the following is a physical change? a. corrosion c. evaporation b. explosion d. rotting of food ____ 25. Which of the following CANNOT be classified as a substance? a. table salt c. nitrogen b. air d. gold ____ 26. Which of the following is a heterogeneous mixture? a. air c. steel b. salt water d. soil ____ 27. Which of the following CANNOT be considered a single phase? a. a pure solid c. a homogeneous mixture b. a pure liquid d. a heterogeneous mixture ____ 28. Which of the following is a heterogeneous mixture? a. vinegar in water c. oil and vinegar b. milk d. air ____ 29. An example of a homogeneous mixture is ____. a. water c. noodle soup b. stainless steel d. oxygen ____ 30. Which of the following items is NOT a compound? a. baking soda c. sucrose b. salad dressing d. table salt ____ 31. Which of the following is true about compounds? a. They can be physically separated into their component elements. b. They have compositions that vary. c. They are substances. d. They have properties similar to those of their component elements. ____ 32. Which of the following materials is a substance? a. air c. stainless steel b. gasoline d. silver ____ 33. What is one difference between a mixture and a compound? a. A compound consists of more than one phase. b. A compound can only be separated into its components by chemical means. c. A mixture can only be separated into its components by chemical means. d. A mixture must be uniform in composition. ____ 34. What distinguishes a substance from a mixture? a. Substances are compounds, and mixtures are not. b. Mixtures are groupings of elements, and compounds are not. c. Samples of the same substance can have different intensive properties. d. Mixtures can be separated physically, while compounds cannot. ____ 35. The first figure in a properly written chemical symbol always is ____. a. boldfaced c. italicized b. capitalized d. underlined ____ 36. Which of the following is used for chemical symbols today? a. drawings c. letters b. icons d. numbers ____ 37. Which of the following represents a compound? a. H c. H2O b. H-3 d. O-16 ____ 38. The chemical formula of a compound does NOT indicate the ____. a. identity of the elements in the compound b. how elements are joined in the compound c. the composition of the compound d. relative proportions of the elements in the compound ____ 39. What do chemical symbols and formulas represent, respectively? a. elements and compounds b. atoms and mixtures c. compounds and mixtures d. elements and ions ____ 40. Which substance has a chemical symbol that is derived from a Latin name? a. calcium c. oxygen b. hydrogen d. potassium ____ 41. Which of the following is a chemical property? a. color c. freezing point b. hardness d. ability to react with oxygen ____ 42. In the chemical reaction in which sucrose is heated and decomposes to form carbon dioxide and water, which of the following is a reactant? a. sucrose c. water b. carbon dioxide d. heat ____ 43. What must occur for a change to be a chemical reaction? a. There must be a change in chemical properties. b. There must be a change in physical properties. c. The change must involve a change in mass. d. The change must involve a change in volume. ____ 44. Which of the following is NOT a physical change? a. grating cheese c. fermenting of cheese b. melting cheese d. mixing two cheeses in a bowl ____ 45. All of the following changes to a metal are physical changes EXCEPT ____. a. bending c. rusting b. melting d. polishing ____ 46. Which of the following does NOT involve a physical change? a. mixing c. grinding b. melting d. decomposing ____ 47. Which of the following processes does NOT involve a change in chemical properties? a. rusting c. boiling b. fermenting d. burning ____ 48. A chemical change occurs when a piece of wood ____. a. is split c. decays b. is painted d. is cut ____ 49. Which of the following is a chemical property of water at 4 C? a. its color b. its state c. its temperature d. its ability to decompose into hydrogen and oxygen ____ 50. What must be done to be certain that a chemical change has taken place? a. Check for the production of bubbles before and after the change. b. Demonstrate that a release of energy occurred after the change. c. Check the composition of the sample before and after the change. d. Demonstrate that energy was absorbed by the reactants after the change. ____ 51. When paper turns yellow-brown upon exposure to sunlight, what type of change is likely taking place? a. a physical change b. a chemical change c. neither a physical change nor a chemical change d. both a physical change and a chemical change ____ 52. Which of the following indicates that a chemical change has happened during cooking? a. The food darkens. b. Bubbles form in boiling water. c. Butter melts. d. Energy is transferred from the stove to a pan. ____ 53. Which of the following does NOT indicate that a chemical change may have taken place? a. fracture formation c. precipitate formation b. gas production d. energy transfer ____ 54. Which action changes the identity of the substance referenced? a. melting gold b. running an electric current through copper c. corroding iron d. breaking an ice cube ____ 55. Which of the following is true for all chemical reactions? a. The total mass of the reactants increases. b. The total mass of the products is greater than the total mass of the reactants. c. The total mass of the products is less than the total mass of the reactants. d. The total mass of the reactants equals the total mass of the products. Numeric Response 56. What is the melting point of water in degrees Celsius? 57. In how many physical states does water commonly exist? 58. What is the boiling point of water in degrees Celsius? 59. Approximately how many elements exist in nature? 60. How many grams of liquid water are produced when 60 grams of ice melt?