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Name Date Period AP Chemistry Summer Assignment Review from Chemistry 1 Due September 1, 2016 Tutorials: Search for “brightstorm” and any of these topics on YouTube and you should find a quick review. Safety and Measurement Convert the following. (Remember: 1 cm3 = 1mL) a) 83 L = ________ cm3 c) 7g= _________kg b) 0.0015 km= _______m d) 100 mL= ___________ L Identify the number of significant figures in each of the following: a) 4.550 ____ b) 0.01450 ____ c) 70003 ____ d) 6500 ____ Round off each of the following numbers to 2 significant figures. 1) 6.97 2) 0.0135 Scientific Notation The distance between the Earth and the moon is 386000 km. What is the distance in scientific notation? a. 386 x 103 km. c. 38 x 104 km. 5 b. 3.8 x 10 km. d. 3.86 x 105 km. The measurement 0.020 L is the same as a. 2.0 x 10–3 L. b. 2.0 x 10–2 L. c. d. 2.0 x 102 L. 2.0 x 10–1 L. 1 Matter and Change Identify the following as chemical (C) or physical (P) changes: Identify each as: element, compound, homogeneous mixture, or heterogeneous mixture. a. Water evaporating ______ a. Water (H2O) _______ b. Aluminum rusting ______ b. Salt water _______ c. Dissolving salt in water ______ c. Vegetable soup _______ d. A log burning in the fireplace ______ d. Carbon Dioxide (CO2) _______ e. Breaking glass ______ e. Calcium (Ca) _______ Volume = 225 mL Mass = 316.4g Find density. CaCl2 is used as a de-icer on roads in the winter. If it has a density of 2.50 g/cm3, what is the mass of 1250 cm3 block of CaCl2? Atomic Structure and Periodic Table Subatomic Particle Proton Location within Atom Charge Mass Neutron Electron Name Symbol Atomic # Mass # p+ n0 e- ___________ Bi _____ 209 83 _____ _____ Phosphorus _____ 15 _____ _____ 16 _____ Isotopes – atoms of the same element with different masses due to the number of neutrons. Isotope Symbol Atomic # Mass # p+ n0 e- ____________ ______ _____ _____ 80 122 80 Selenium-80 ______ 34 80 _____ _____ _____ 2 Periodic Table Label the following groups on the periodic table: oxygen group halogen group noble gas alkaline earth metal alkali metal Draw and label 3 arrows on the periodic table that represent increasing: atomic radius, electronegativity, and ionization energy. Electron configuration (and circle the highest level e-) Noble gas configuration I Nd Ionic Bonding Ionic bonding occurs between a metal and a nonmetal when electrons are transferred. Element Symbol # of Valence electrons Lewis Dot Structure # Electrons loses or gains Charge (+/-) Ion Formed (anion or cation) Oxygen Lithium Ionic Naming – name the metal and then change the ending of the nonmetal to –ide. Learn the polyatomic ions. There will be a quiz in the first week of school. a. __manganeese fluoride___________________________ MnF2 b. _____________________________________________ MgCO3 c. _____________________________________________ NaCl d. ______________________________________________ Sr3(PO4)2 3 Write the formula for the following compounds. The Roman numeral tells the charge of the metal. a. ___________________ chromium (III) nitrate c. ______________________ sodium acetate b. ______________________aluminum bromide d. ______________________ iron (III) oxide Covalent Bonding Covalent bonding occurs between two nonmetals when electrons are shared. Use the prefixes (mono, di, tri, tetra, penta, hexa, hepta, octa, nona, deca) and end in –ide. Write the name of the following compounds. Write the formulas for the following compounds. Si2O3 __disilicon trioxide______________________ diarsenic pentoxide ___________________________ SO2 ______________________________________ tricarbon pentafluoride ________________________ PO5 ______________________________________ carbon tetrachloride __________________________ S2F4 ______________________________________ disulfur hexahydride _________________________ Moles and Other Math Problems 1. What is the molar mass of the following compounds? CaCl2 ________________ NH4NO3 ______________________ 2. How many grams are in 120 moles of Zn? 3. How many moles are in 5.24 x 1023 atoms of Nitrogen? 4. A 4.041 x 1021 molecules of CS2 has what mass in grams? 5. Find the percent composition of Oxygen in Na2S2O3 __________________________ 4 Chemical Reactions Balance the following Reactions: ___Al + ___Fe2O3 ___Al2O3 + ___Fe ___SiO2 + ___HF ___ H2O + ___SiF4 ___C4H8 + ___O2 ___CO2 + ___H2O Redox Reactions Identify the oxidation number for each element in the compound. Na2S03 Ag2O F2 Complete the chart for the following reaction: 3FeO + 2Al Al2O3 + 3Fe Oxidized Reduced Ox ½ Red ½ 5 Stoichiometry Use the reaction below to answer the following questions: Al(OH)3 + 3KCl AlCl3 + 3KOH How many grams of KOH would be produced from 7.23 grams of Al(OH)3? How many moles of KCl would be required to form 3 moles of AlCl3? Consider the balanced reaction: 2Na + 3N2 2NaN3 If 4.98 grams of Na and 5.68 grams of N2 react, what is the limiting reactant? Calculate the number of moles in 25 L of a 0.45M solution of NaOH. If 100 mL of 6M solution is diluted to 500mL, what is the new molarity? Acids and Bases Ion -ide Name (no oxygens) Hydro - Exam ple -ic HCl Name Hydrochloric acid -ite (less oxygens) -ous H2SO3 Sulfurous acid -ate (more oxygens) Hydroxide (OH-) -ic H2SO4 Sulfuric acid hydroxide NaOH Sodium hydroxide Name the following acids and bases: 1. HF ___________________________________ 5. Co(OH)2_______________________________ 2. H2NO3_________________________________ 6. H2NO2_________________________________ 3. H2Se__________________________________ 7. Sr(OH)2________________________________ 4. H2CO3 ________________________________ 8. HBr___________________________________ 6