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Biology 2201
Unit 1
Study Guide
Name: _________________________
1. Study the following terms:
Cell Theory
Abiogenesis
Field of view
Prokaryotic
Cell membrane Cytoplasm
Nucleus
Nucleolus
Chloroplast
Vacuole
Cilia
Lysosome
Microtubules
Filaments
Passive transport Active transport
Osmosis
Isotonic
Carrier protein Hypertonic
Exocytosis
Pinocytosis
Aerobic respiration
Biogenesis
Resolution
Eukaryotic
Organelles
Nucleus
Endoplasmic reticulum
Ribosome
Mitochondria
Vesicle
Golgi apparatus
Flagella
Cell wall
Phospholipids
Fluid-mosaic model
Diffusion
Concentration gradient
Hypotonic
Facilitated diffusion
Na+/K+ Pump
Endocytosis
Phagocytosis
Photosynthesis
Anaerobic respiration
2. Explain the four hypotheses of the cell theory.
3. What is the difference between biogenesis and abiogenesis?
4. What are the contributions of scientists Redi, Needham, Leeuwenhoek, Spallanzani and
Pasteur to the understanding of abiogenesis and biogenesis?
5. How did the contributions of Hooke, Brown, Schleiden, Schwann, Braun and Virchow
lead to the development of cell theory?
6. Be able to: a) label the parts of a microscope; b) explain how to focus on a slide; c)
prepare a wet mount; d) determine field of view; and e) do a scientific drawing.
7. Compare/contrast the compound light microscope, transmission electron microscope
(TEM) and scanning electron microscope (SEM) in terms of source of illumination,
resolution, magnification and specimen preparation.
8. Be able to identify organelles of plants and animal cells and explain their function.
9. Distinguish between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells.
10. Be able to describe the composition of the cell membrane. Why is the current model of
the cell membrane known as the fluid-mosaic model?
11. Explain how molecules diffuse across the cell membrane. Which molecules diffuse?
O’Donel High School
Biology 2201, 2011-2012
12. Explain osmosis. Under which condition does water move into the cell? Out of the cell?
Under which condition do equal amounts of water enter and exit the cell?
13. How does osmosis affect plant and animal cells differently?
14. Explain facilitated diffusion. Name a molecule that moves across the cell membrane by
facilitated diffusion.
15. Compare and contrast diffusion, osmosis and facilitated diffusion.
16. Explain how the sodium/potassium pump works. How is active transport different from
passive transport?
17. Explain the processes of endocytosis, including phagocytosis and pinocytosis.
18. Explain how exocytosis works.
19. Explain the importance of the processes of photosynthesis and aerobic respiration for
organisms.
20. Demonstrate, using equations, that photosynthesis and aerobic processes are
complementary processes.
21. Explain the importance of the processes of photosynthesis and aerobic respiration on a
global basis.
O’Donel High School
Biology 2201, 2011-2012