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Biology 2201 Study Guide Name: _________________________ Midterm Terms cell theory field of view organelles nucleus nucleolus chloroplast Golgi apparatus cell wall passive transport concentration gradient hypotonic hypertonic pinocytosis aerobic respiration abiogenesis prokaryotic cell membrane endoplasmic reticulum ribosome vacuole lysosome phospholipids active transport osmosis facilitated diffusion endocytosis phagocytosis anaerobic respiration biogenesis eukaryotic cytoplasm nucleus mitochondria vesicle flagella fluid-mosaic model diffusion isotonic carrier protein exocytosis photosynthesis biodiversity spirilli virus capsid species dichotomous key alternation of generations bryophytes gymnosperms gametophyte symmetry radial symmetry bacilli phylogeny paramecium taxonomy binomial nomenclature heterotroph vascular tissue tracheophytes angiosperms vertebrate germ layer bilateral symmetry cocci amoeba seed Linnaeus autotroph binary fission non-vascular ferns sporophyte invertebrate coelom operculum Questions 1. What are the contributions of scientists Redi, Needham, Leeuwenhoek, Spallanzani and Pasteur to the understanding of abiogenesis and biogenesis? 2. Be able to determine field of view. 3. Be able to identify organelles of plants and animal cells and explain their function. You must be able to label a cell. 4. Distinguish between prokaryotic and eukaryotic cells; animal and plant cells. 5. Explain osmosis. Under which condition does water move into the cell? Out of the cell? Under which condition do equal amounts of water enter and exit the cell? 6. How does osmosis affect plant and animal cells differently? 7. Compare and contrast diffusion, osmosis and facilitated diffusion. 8. Explain the processes of endocytosis, including phagocytosis and pinocytosis, and exocytosis. 9. Demonstrate, using equations, that photosynthesis and aerobic processes are complementary processes. 10. How do scientists identify life? (six characteristics) 11. What is the correct order of taxa from broadest to narrowest? (p. 108) 12. How are species named? 13. Why are common names problematic? 14. Why can’t viruses being classified using the six kingdom system? 15. Know the T4 life cycle. 16. What are the three groups of Protists? 17. Briefly describe the kingdom Fungi (unicellular or multicellular, make up of cell wall, nutrition, reproduction, etc.) 18. What are some common examples of fungi? 19. What is the basis for the classification of plants? 20. Compare and contrast the four groups of plants on the basis of: vascular structure, dependency on water, dominant generation, and reproduction. 21. Why are the angiosperms the most diverse and successful plant group? 22. Be able to describe the life cycle of a fern. 23. Be able to describe and identify types of body symmetry. 24. What is the importance of a body cavity (coelom)? 25. How do invertebrates differ as you move from simple to more complex? (L R) 26. How do vertebrates differ as you move from simple to more complex? (L R) 27. Be able to compare and contrast between invertebrate phyla; and between vertebrate phyla. 28. Why are arthropods the most diverse animal phylum? 29. Be able to describe the life cycle of a frog.