Download Trade

• What are the advantages/disadvantages of
the location of the capital (Rome)?
• Why would Hannibal be able to surprise the
Romans with his attack?
• Rome fights in 3 Punic Wars to defeat
Carthage. Why is this important?
Summary of what we have learned so far…….
509 BC
Rome becomes an Empire
334 BC
Alexander the Great
starts the empire
323 BC
Alexander the Great
dies and empire splits
70 BC
Roman Empire grows – from Anatolia in the east to Spain in the west
330 AD
Constantine moves capital from Rome to Byzantium and names it
Constantinople
Contributes to the division and decline of Roman Empire
380 AD
Christianity becomes the empires’ official religion
476 AD
Last Roman emperor is removed from office
Alexander the Great’s
Empire
Roman Empire at its greatest
Constantine moves the capital
PREDICT: What impact might this have on the Roman Empire?
Diocletian splits the Empire
LT 3.E I can identify events that contributed to the advancement of Eastern Europe & the Middle
East during the Middle Ages.
• https://mail.google.com/mail/u/0/#inbox/150
9cf02d28c68d1?projector=1
• Video of Byzantium (4:06)
Constantine’s City-Constantinople
Barbarian Invasions of the Roman
Empire
Constantinople: A Greek
City
(Istanbul Today)
Cultural Advancements of the
Byzantine Empire
1. Law
2. Education
3. Religion
4. Architecture
Emperor Justinian [r. 527-564]
Empress Theodora
Justinian’s Empire at its Peak
LAW - Justinian’s Code
Corpus Juris Civilis:
1. Digest
2. Code
3. Institutes
EDUCATION
• Common language – Greek
• Works of Ancient Greece and Rome are
preserved
RELIGION
• Orthodox Christianity – spreads
throughout Eastern Europe and the Middle
East.
• The Great Schism (split) – Catholic
Church and the Orthodox Church separate
(1054)
ARCHITECTURE - Church of
Hagia Sophia [Holy Wisdom]
Interior of the Church of Hagia
Sophia
Arabia:
?
A Threat
to the
Great
Empires
?
Arabian Peninsula before Muhammad
• Settled people
• Nomads rare, but important – caravan
link
Muslim Empire
Growth of Islam and the Muslim Empire
CROSSROADS OF TRADE
The Rise of Islam
• From the time of Muhammad, Muslim control
ranges from Spain to China
• Many Islamic kingdoms and empires, no single
Muslim empire
Spread of Islam under Muhammad
Cultural Advancements of the Muslim
World
• Trade
• Education
• Religion
• Architecture
Trade
• The Muslim Trade Network connected the Silk
Roads of China and India with Europe and
Africa
• Muslims needed a single language (Arabic)
and a single currency to trade.
• Banks set up credit that could be exchanged
for cash throughout Muslim lands
Spice Trade Routes
Education
• Arabic - common, unifying language
• House of Wisdom in Baghdad – combination
library, academy and translation center.
– Scholars of different cultures and beliefs worked
side by side
– Muslim scholars used the knowledge of Greek,
Indian and Arab traditions. Made advancements
in Math, Science, Art, Literature and Philosophy
Religion
• Islam was spread from China to Spain
• Islam and Arabic language - Uniting factor of
the regions, caliphates and empires
• Advancements were able to flourish for
centuries
Muslim Conquests
Muslims practiced
religious tolerance
for Jewish and
Christian faith
(“people of the
book”) as long as
they paid their taxes
Architecture
• Cities throughout Muslim World founded or
expanded (Cordoba, Cairo, Damascus,
Jerusalem, Baghdad)
• The Blue Mosque in Istanbul, and the Dome
of the Rock in Jerusalem are some of the best
examples of Islamic architecture