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Levels of Organization in Living Things How living things are organized Vocab Refresher Function What something is used for Something’s job Purpose, role Structure The way something is constructed or made The way the parts of something are arranged ALL organisms perform the functions of life Reproduce Grow and develop Obtain and use ENERGY Response to their environment (stimuli) to maintain balance (homeostasis) Adapt to their environment over time (as a species, not individual) Unicellular Organisms Some organisms are made of only one cell The cell performs ALL of the functions necessary for life Uni- = one or single Examples: Bacteria, protists, yeast Multicellular Organisms Have various levels of organization within them Individual cells may perform specific functions (different types of cells) Cells work together for the good of the entire organism Cells depend on one another Levels of organization Cells Tissues Organs Organ systems Organism CELLS Basic unit of structure and function in living things (CELL THEORY!) Serve specific functions (different types for different jobs!) Examples: blood cells (erythrocytes), nerve cells (neurons), bone cells (osteocytes) TISSUES Made up of cells that are similar in structure and function The cells work together to perform a specific activity Examples: blood, nervous, bone 4 basic types in humans: connective (blood, fat, ligaments, cartilage, bones, tendons), epithelial (skin), muscle (smooth, skeletal, cardiac) nerve ORGANS Made up of tissues that work together to perform a specific activity Examples: heart, brain, skin ORGAN SYSTEMS Groups of organs working together to perform specific functions for the organism Examples: circulatory, muscular, digestive ORGANISMS Entire living things carrying out all life’s functions Multicellular organisms made up of organ systems Examples: mushroom, sunflower, human, fish Unicellular – only made up of a cell (Ex. Bacteria, protist) Levels of Organization Basic Unit of Life Organisms Organs Tissues Cells Organ Systems