Download 92. Applications of REPLIKINS® in FMDV surveillance and vaccine production

Appendix 92
REPLIKINS
Applications of ReplikinsR and BioRadar
Global Surveillance SystemTM in FMDV surveillance and vaccine production
S. Bogoch
1, E. Bogoch1
and P. Willeberg2 1 Replikins, Ltd., 38 the Fenway, Boston, MA 02215, USA
2 Center for Animal Disease Modeling and Surveillance, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA No structures of infectious organisms have been known previously which correlate quantitatively and temporally with epidemic outbreaks, course, and lethality, and which permit early or advance warning and rapid specific response.
Data from CDC‐Harvard and Scripps‐Crucell (4,5) confirms Replikins:
‐inhibitory antibody lands on and binds to Replikins as the specific epitopes in
influenza viruses
‐conservation of Replikins back to 1918
‐cross‐strain conservation of Replikins
‐all above make pan‐flu vaccines possible, as Bogoch and Bogoch previously
showed (1‐3)
References
1. Bogoch S and Bogoch ES. Replikins: the chemistry of rapid replication. Begell House, N.Y. 2005; 2. <replikins.com>, ‘Replikins Press’‐33 online reports, 2006‐2009;
3. www.uspto.gov. 2001‐2009; 4. Sui, J. et al. "Structural and functional bases for broad‐spectrum neutralization of avian and human influenza A viruses.", Nature Structural and Molecular Biology, published online:22 February,2009, doi:10.1038‐nsmb.1566.
5. Ekeirt, D.C. et al, "Antibody Recognition of a Highly Conserved Influenza Virus Epitope", Science DOI: 10.1126‐science.1171491, Science Published online, Feb. 26 2009 A biochemical key to rapid replication
• A new group of peptides in viruses and other infectious organisms and proteins related to rapid replication
• Named “Replikins” because of their close quantitative relationship to rapid replication and outbreaks • Discovered in the disease organism’s genome
• Small peptides strictly defined by the presence and concentration of certain amino acids, and the spaces between them
• Increase in the number of Replikin peptides per 100 amino acids (Replikin Count), in the overall genome correlates with rapid replication and disease outbreaks References
1. Bogoch S and Bogoch ES. Replikins: the chemistry of rapid replication. Begell House, N.Y. 2005; Library of Congress 2. <replikins.com>, ‘Replikins Press’‐33 online reports, 2006‐2009;
3. www.uspto.gov. 2001‐2009; THESE REFERENCES PRESENT EVIDENCE THAT
‐Replikins are specific epitopes in influenza
viruses
‐increase in concentration of Replikins
(Replikin Count) signals influenza outbreaks
‐conservation of Replikins occurs back to 1918
‐cross‐strain conservation of Replikins occurs
‐all above make pan‐flu vaccines possible,
FMD
14/14 correct predictions in influenza 2001-2010
H1N1 Pandemic of 2009 was correctly predicted and
published one year earlier, in April 2008 (see refs)
Foot and Mouth Disease Outbreaks in 2010 Were
Predicted in 2009 by the Quantitative Increase of
Replikins in Foot and Mouth Disease Virus Gene
2009: Highest Replikin Counts of FMD virus peak
gene in 52 years;
Completely Synthetic Replikins FMDV Vaccine
based on conserved replikins now available
“New tools and challenges for progressive control”
Open Session of the EuFMD Research Group, Vienna (Austria) 29 September ‐ 1 October 2010
Appendix 92
EARLY WARNING  RAPID RESPONSE
By quantitatively analyzing Replikin sequences
BIORADAR™
Predicts and Tracks:
• outbreaks and epidemics
• the geographical location of such outbreaks
Measures:
• infectivity TWO SEPARATE REPLIKINS GENES
• lethality Applies to:
• multiple diseases and strains of diseases
e.g. influenza, SARS, Foot and Mouth Dis., HIV, malaria Found in:
• multiple disease hosts (animals and humans)
REPLIKINS VACCINES
Biological Vaccines –Too Little, Too Late
•There are over six billion people and countless animal species
•Current production methods cannot meet world demand
•Annual and ad hoc formulations are sub‐optimal
•Production against the latest emerging strain takes too long
•Contaminants and side effects are common problems Replikins Synthetic Vaccines – a Solution
•Non‐biological, produced via solid‐phase chemical synthesis
•No biological contaminants, no need for potentially toxic preservatives
•Produced in as little as seven days
•Can be rapidly mass produced to meet world pandemic needs
•More cost‐effective to produce
•Readily transported without refrigeration
BioRadarTM services are available To national governments and public health groups, for surveillance and early warning efforts
and
to pharmaceutical companies, for increasing specificity and the time available for vaccine production and testing “New tools and challenges for progressive control”
Open Session of the EuFMD Research Group, Vienna (Austria) 29 September ‐ 1 October 2010