* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project
Download AP Physics III.E
Van Allen radiation belt wikipedia , lookup
Magnetosphere of Saturn wikipedia , lookup
Edward Sabine wikipedia , lookup
Maxwell's equations wikipedia , lookup
Geomagnetic storm wikipedia , lookup
Magnetic stripe card wikipedia , lookup
Mathematical descriptions of the electromagnetic field wikipedia , lookup
Skin effect wikipedia , lookup
Superconducting magnet wikipedia , lookup
Neutron magnetic moment wikipedia , lookup
Magnetic monopole wikipedia , lookup
Giant magnetoresistance wikipedia , lookup
Magnetometer wikipedia , lookup
Earth's magnetic field wikipedia , lookup
Electromagnetism wikipedia , lookup
Friction-plate electromagnetic couplings wikipedia , lookup
Magnetotactic bacteria wikipedia , lookup
Electromagnetic field wikipedia , lookup
Multiferroics wikipedia , lookup
Force between magnets wikipedia , lookup
Magnetotellurics wikipedia , lookup
Magnetoreception wikipedia , lookup
Magnetohydrodynamics wikipedia , lookup
Electromagnet wikipedia , lookup
Eddy current wikipedia , lookup
Magnetochemistry wikipedia , lookup
Lorentz force wikipedia , lookup
Ferromagnetism wikipedia , lookup
History of geomagnetism wikipedia , lookup
AP Physics III.E Electromagnetism 22.1 Induced EMF and Induced Current Astounding demo. Induced EMF (electromagnetic induction) from • Changing magnetic field • Changing the area of the coil 22.2 Motional EMF EMF induced in a moving conductor The separated charges on the ends of the moving conductor create an induced EMF or motional EMF. Note, the EMF is induced only when the conductor is moving. “And the formula is . . . (drum roll please)” Ex. The rod in the illustration has a velocity of 5.0 m/s perpendicular to a magnetic field with a strength of 0.80 T. The length of the rod is 1.6 m and the bulb has a resistance of 96 Ohms. Find a) the EMF b) the induced current c) the electric power dissipated by the bulb and d) the energy used by the bulb in 60.0 s. Motional EMF and Electrical Energy (another magnetic force to worry about) Ex. What is the force (magnitude and direction) on the rod in the previous direction? The force on the conductor is in the opposite direction of the velocity. So where does the force come from the light the bulb for 60 s? Ex. An external agent provides 0.086 N of force to keep the rod moving at 5.0 m/s for 60.0 s. Find the work done by the force. The direction of current and conservation of energy. Conceptual Example 3. p. 700: 2, 4-7, 9 2. a) yours b) 3.0 m 4. 7800 V 6. 3.2 A (recall formula for R in terms of resistivity) 22.3 Magnetic Flux Any induced EMF can be described in terms of magnetic flux. Magnetic flux – the product of the strength of the magnetic field and its crosssectional area. φ = BA (measured in Webers) A derivation General expression for magnetic flux. Ex. A conducting coil is in a magnetic field of 0.50 T. The area of the coil is 2.0 square meters. Find the flux for angles of 0.0º, 60.0º and 90.0º. 22.4 Faraday’s Law of Electromagnetic Induction Ol’ Michael (as well as Joseph Henry) found that whenever there is a change in flux through a loop of wire, an EMF is induced inside the loop. Faraday’s law unites flux and a time interval. Faraday’s Law of electromagnetic induction EMF is generated if magnetic flux changes for any reason. So change in flux depends on the change in the magnetic field, area or angle. Ex. A coil of wire with 20 turns has an area of 1.5 EE –3 square meters. A magnetic field is perpendicular to the surface of each loop at all times. At the initial time, the initial magnetic field is 0.050 T. At 10.0 s the magnetic field is 0.060 T. Find a) the average induced emf during this time and b) the average induced emf if the magnetic field decreases from 0.060 T to 0.050 T in 0.10 s. Ex. A coil of wire has an area of 0.020 square meters with 50 turns. At initial time the coil is oriented so that the normal of the surface of the coils is parallel to a magnetic field of 0.18 T. At 0.10 s, the angle is 30.0º to the normal. Find a) the induced emf. b) What is the induced emf if the coil is returned to its initial orientation in 0.10 s? p. 701: 10-11, 17-21; Rev. 07B1, 2 10. a) 0.0056 Wb b) 0 Wb 18. 2.8 EE -3 V 20. 1.5 m2/s B1 a) 8.8 m/sb) drawing c) 63 N d) 0.27 e) yrz B2 a) ? b) ? c) 1.7 EE 5 m/s d) 6500 V 22.5 Lenz’s Law The polarity of a magnetic field in a coil results from • The original magnetic field that produces the changing flux that leads to the emf. • The induced current that creates its own magnetic field Lenz’s Law – the induced emf resulting from changing magnetic flux leads to an induced current whose direction is such that the induced magnetic field opposes the direction of the original flux change. Strategy • Determine if the flux that penetrates the coil is increasing or decreasing • Find the direction of the induced magnetic field. It must be in a direction that opposes the change in flux. • Once the direction of the induced magnetic field is determined, use RHR-2 to determine the direction of the induced current. A couple of examples. 78B4, 07B3, 07B4 78B4 a) 1.5 m/s to the ? b) 8 N c) 12 W d) 4.5 J 07B3 a) Yours b) Yours again c) 533 Ohms d) 0.15 A e) 6.0 EE -6 F 07B4 a) 6 EE -6 m3/s b) Q = Av is also vol. flow rate (2.4 m/s) a) Bernoulli’s Eq. (0.29 m) b) Yours