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Transcript
Geography What is Geography? • Geography is the study of the Earth’s: – Surface – Climate – Continents – Countries – People 5 Themes of Geography • Location • Place • Human/Environment Interaction • Movement • Regions 1. Location • A. Absolute Location- Every point on Earth has a specific location that is determined by an imaginary grid of lines denoting latitude and longitude. Latitude vs. Longitude • Latitude- distance in • degrees north or south of the Equator (0˚). Latitude lines are horizontal lines on a map; also called “parallels.” Latitude vs. Longitude • Longitude- distance in • degrees east or west of the Prime Meridian (0˚) Longitudinal lines are the vertical lines on a map. Relative Location • B. Relative Locationis described by landmarks, time, direction or distance from one place to another & may associate one place with another. --The Grand Canyon is located 3 hours north/northwest of the Phoenix valley. 2. Place • Place is characteristics that distinguish one place on the globe from another. • There are 1) Physical & 2) Human Place Physical & Human Characteristics of Place • Physical- These characteristics include; mountains, rivers, soil, beaches, wildlife, weather, temperature, etc. • Human- Explain the culture, houses, lifestyles, traditions, buildings, religion, language, etc. 3. Human/Environment Interaction (HEI) • A. Humans adapt to the environment. – Wearing shorts in summer & coats in winter. • B. Humans modify the environment. – Dig a hole for a house or cut down trees for farms • C. Humans depend on the environment. – Fresh water to drink or oil for fuel and thousands of other products Hoover Dam 4. Movement • Movement is migration or transportation of people, resources, products, plants, animals, & information/ideas from one location to another location. 5. Region • Region is an area of the earth’s surface defined by similar characteristics. Region continued • It is easier to study a larger place with common human or physical characteristics. – Easier to look at 7 cultural regions rather then the 50 states – Easier to look at 7 continents rather than 210+ countries Maps Political Maps Shows political boundaries such as countries & states Gives locations of major cities Includes significant bodies of water Black lines are used to help define borders Political Map Physical Maps Shows country borders, major cities and significant bodies of water Indicate the location of landforms like: Deserts Mountains Plains Physical Map Reference/Theme Maps Shows collected data on a map such as: Population Economics Oil Politics Reference Maps Map components Every map must have: • • • • • • • • Scale Title Compass Rose Legend/Key Clear labels Color Clean Latitude & longitude QuickTime™ and a decompressor are needed to see this picture.