Download Rome Expands It`s Borders

Rome Expands It’s Borders
Chapter 7 Section 2
Review
• What natural barrier protects Italy in the
North?
• who made up most of the population in
Rome?
• How did the Romans gain loyalty of
conquered people of nearby cities?
• Who prompted the engraving of the
Roman laws on the Twelve Tables?
Rome Fights Carthage
• By the mid 200’s BC the Roman republic
controlled all of the Italian Peninsula
• Carthage a city on the coast of N. Africa was
once a Phoenician colony
• {Carthage which was a great commercial power
spanned the Mediterranean and had colonies
and markets on Sicily.}
• As the Romans moved into southern Italy the
Carthaginians feared they would take Sicily
• The Romans feared Carthage’s navy would
control the Mediterranean and prevent Roman
expansion overseas.
• This led to three conflicts between the countries
The First Punic War
• Carthage vs. Rome 264 BC
• Rome at first had no navy but quickly built one
• Rome commandeered a Carthaginian ship and
replicated it to build their own navy.
• Rome employed land war tactics at sea
• After ramming Carthaginian ships They lowered
“boarding bridges” To allow soldiers to board.
• After 23 years of war Carthage asked for peace
• In addition to a large sum of $ for damages
Rome won Sicily
The Second Punic War
• Appx. 20 years later in 218 BC, in Spain,
Hannibal assembled a great Carthaginian army
that included, infantry, horses & elephants.
• The army marched across the Alps into Italy
• Despite the many lives lost in the journey, Rome
was continually pushed back by Hannibal’s army
• But Hannibal did not have the equipment to
attack the cities so…
• he spent his time riding up and down the Italian
boot laying waste to the countryside
• They took crops and livestock and terrorized
farmers
{The second Punic war changes
• Rome turned the tables by invading Africa and
attacking Carthage.}
• Carthage ordered Hannibal home to defend the
city.
The real Hannibal
{Second Punic War Continued
• In Africa Hannibal met his match in a general
named Scipio}
• Scipio and the Romans defeated Hannibal and
his army
• Thanks to this victory not only did Rome acquire
yet again more $ but also most of the
Carthaginian navy and their colonies in Spain
• Making them the most powerful force in the
western Mediterranean
• Carthage remained independent, but lost all of
its power
The Third Punic War
• Although Carthage was no longer a threat many
still hated the city. Rome later decided to
decimate the city anyway
• In 149 BC Rome declared war on its old enemy
• Carthage was defeated in only 3 years
• As a bit of revenge, Rome then started a war
with one of Carthage’s allies from the second
Punic war Macedonia and defeated them as well
• The cities came under Roman “protection”
• This extended Rome’s control and power over
the entire region
The Problems of Expansion
• Because Rome controlled such a large area the
Republic and their government had to change
• {The Punic Wars increased the size of Rome
and increased the power of the Senate}
• The senate now controlled the army and the
foreign policy
• The nobles gained even more power
• {The people Rome conquered became
“subjects” of Rome}
• This did not make them citizens or allies of
Rome but they had a governor that was backed
by the Roman army
Continued
• Some of the governors took bribes and paid little
attention to the needs of the people
• And tax collectors wanted to take as much of the
provinces money as they could
• The Romans also had problems at home
• When the farmer soldiers returned home they
found their farms in ruin and no money to
restore their farms
• They had to sell their lands and as time passed
Rome came dependent on importing grain from
their provinces
More Money More Problems
• Many farmers moved from the country into the
cities
• They couldn’t all find jobs and most became
dependent on their government for food
• {Trade within Rome’s vast empire created a
class of business people and landowners called
equites}
• They had great wealth and political influence
and the gap between the rich and poor, the
powerful and the powerless continued to grow
Review
• In Africa Hannibal met his match in a
general named ______?
• What increased the size of Rome and
increased the power of the Senate?
• What happened to the people Rome
conquered?
• What natural barrier protects Italy in the
North?
• Who prompted the engraving of the
Roman laws on the Twelve Tables?
The End?