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Terms Review I
The Pre-Colonial
and Colonial Eras
This was a series of wars
fought in the Middle Ages
by Christians to conquer the
Holy Land from Muslims.
This was a series of wars
fought in the Middle Ages
by Christians to conquer the
Holy Land from Muslims.
Crusades
An instrument that uses a
magnetic needle to indicate
direction.
An instrument that uses a
magnetic needle to indicate
direction.
Compass
An instrument that allowed
sailors to find their position
from the stars
An instrument that allowed
sailors to find their position
from the stars
Astrolabe
A ship with triangular sails
and rudder
A ship with triangular sails
and rudder
Caravel
European period of renewed
interest in the sciences, art,
and literature.
(1400-1700 AD)
European period of renewed
interest in the sciences, art,
and literature.
(1400-1700 AD)
Renaissance
He began the movement to
reform the Catholic Church.
He began the movement to
reform the Catholic Church.
Martin Luther
th
16
century movement
resulting in the separation
of the Protestant Churches
from the Roman Catholic
Church.
th
16
century movement
resulting in the separation
of the Protestant Churches
from the Roman Catholic
Church.
Reformation
He was an explorer
representing Spain who set
out to find a new route to
Asia in 1492. His voyage
marked the beginning of
European efforts to
colonize the Americas.
He was an explorer
representing Spain who set out
to find a new route to Asia in
1492. His voyage marked the
beginning of European efforts
to colonize the Americas.
Christopher Columbus
The exchange of crops,
plants, animals and
diseases between
Europeans and Native
Americans.
The exchange of crops,
plants, animals and
diseases between
Europeans and Native
Americans.
Columbian Exchange
Spanish explorers and
soldiers who conquered
Native American empires.
Spanish explorers and
soldiers who conquered
Native American empires.
Conquistadores
Spanish explorer who
conquered the Aztecs in
Mexico.
Spanish explorer who
conquered the Aztecs in
Mexico.
Hernando Cortez
He conquered Incas in Peru
with metal-clad soldiers
He conquered Incas in Peru
with metal-clad soldiers
Francisco Pizarro
He searched for “Seven
Cities of Gold” in the
present-day southwestern
United States.
He searched for “Seven
Cities of Gold” in the
present-day southwestern
United States.
Francisco Coronado
He searched for gold in the
present-day southeastern
United States.
He searched for gold in the
present-day southeastern
United States.
Hernando deSoto
He searched for the
“Fountain of Youth” in
Florida.
He searched for the
“Fountain of Youth” in
Florida.
Juan Ponce de Leon
An economic policy which
favors exports over imports
to increase a nation’s gold
reserve.
An economic policy which
favors exports over imports
to increase a nation’s gold
reserve.
Mercantilism
First city founded by
Europeans in North
America.
First city founded by
Europeans in North
America.
St. Augustine
A private company that sells
shares to investors
A private company that sells
shares to investors
Joint-stock Company
Colonial government made
of elected representatives.
Colonial government made
of elected representatives.
House of Burgesses
Large estate farmed by
many workers.
Large estate farmed by
many workers.
Plantation
People who signed a
contract to work for a
certain length of time in
exchange for passage to the
colonies.
People who signed a
contract to work for a
certain length of time in
exchange for passage to the
colonies.
Indentured Servants
Colonial trade routes
between the Caribbean, New
England, and Africa.
Colonial trade routes
between the Caribbean, New
England, and Africa.
Triangular Trade Route
Agreement that the Pilgrims
signed before landing in
Plymouth.
Agreement that the Pilgrims
signed before landing in
Plymouth.
Mayflower Compact