Download The Respiratory System - Education Service Center, Region 2

Survey
yes no Was this document useful for you?
   Thank you for your participation!

* Your assessment is very important for improving the workof artificial intelligence, which forms the content of this project

Document related concepts

Photosynthesis wikipedia , lookup

Organisms at high altitude wikipedia , lookup

Transcript
The Respiratory
System
Functions
• The respiratory system moves oxygen
from the outside environment into the
body.
• It also removes carbon dioxide and
water from the body.
Organs
• Air travels in and out of the organs of
the respiratory system;
– nose
– pharynx
– larynx
– trachea
– bronchi
– lungs
• bronchioles
• alveoli
vocabulary
word!
• respiration – the transport of oxygen
from outside the body to cells and
tissues, and the transport of carbon
dioxide and wastes away from cells and
to the environment.
vocabulary
word!
Why do we Breathe?
• cellular respiration - (break down of
glucose for energy) requires oxygen as
a reactant.
• Respiration also produces water and
carbon dioxide which can leave the
body through the lungs
The Air You Breathe
• The air you breathe comes from the
atmosphere
– 21% oxygen
– 78% nitrogen
– 1% other gases
• Your body does not use most of the air
you inhale
• What you don’t need is exhaled
The Path of Air
• As air moves the organs, it is warmed,
moistened, and bacteria and other
small particles are removed.
In the nose …
• Air is warmed
• Nose hair filters dust and other small
things out.
• Mucus also traps small particles, dust,
and bacteria.
the pharynx
vocabulary
word!
• pharynx - (throat) is
a long hollow tube
that connects the
nose to the trachea.
vocabulary
word!
the larynx
• larynx – part of the throat where the
vocal cords are located.
vocabulary
word!
the trachea
• trachea - connects the pharynx to the
bronchi. It is lined with mucus and
small hairs that trap particles.
• You can feel the ridges of the trachea
by running your finger down your neck
vocabulary
word!
bronchi
• bronchi - passages that direct air into
the lungs.
– Left bronchus goes to the left lung
– Right bronchus goes into the right lung
vocabulary
word!
the lungs
• lungs - The main
organs of the
respiratory system
that provide oxygen to
the body.
• The bronchi,
bronchioles, and
alveoli are all inside
the lungs.
vocabulary
word!
bronchioles
• bronchioles - smaller branches that
come off of the bronchi.
vocabulary
word!
alveoli
• alveoli - smallest structure
in the lungs where gas
exchange takes place
between the lungs and the
blood.
• The walls of the alveoli are
very thin which allows the
gases to diffuse back and
forth.
Gas Exchange
• After air enters the alveoli, oxygen
passes through the wall of the alveoli,
into the capillary that surrounds it ,
then into the artery headed to the heart.
• At the same time, carbon dioxide and
water pass from the vein into the
capillary, then into the alveoli where
they are exhaled.
Gas Exchange
alveoli
vocabulary
word!
• diaphragm – dome-shaped muscle
below the lungs that causes us to
inhale and exhale.
How You Breathe
• You breathe on average 20,000 times a
day
• Breathing speeds up when you
exercise
• Breathing slows down when you are
asleep
• Both involuntary and voluntary
muscles and nervous system helps you
breathe
Speaking
• Inside your trachea are vocal cords
• Vocal cords stretch across the opening
• Your vocal cords work like the neck of
a balloon when it is stretched
• Air passes over the vocal cords,
making them vibrate which produces
sound
– Low – vocal cords contract & shorten
– High – vocal cords relax & lengthen
Body systems that work with
the respiratory system;
• muscular system to pull air into the
lungs
• circulatory system to carry the
oxygen in and carbon dioxide out
• digestive system to provide energy