Download AP World History Key Terms Chapter 1

AP World History Key Terms Chapter 1
Student __________________________________________ Date___________
Term
hunting and
gathering
civilization
Paleolithic
Neolithic
nomads
"savages"
culture
Definition
means of obtaining food by humans before the mastery of sedentary
agriculture; normally typical of tribal social organization
Latin term for “city”; political structures, writing, cities, monuments, &
food surpluses characterize civilizations
“Old stone age”; simple tool use – rocks & sticks for hunting and
warfare; spread of human species over the Earth’s surface; longest
span of time within human existence
“New stone age”; invention of agriculture; began in the Middle East
and spread to other centers (India, north Africa, China); people used
polished stone and farmed
People with no permanent home; roam from place to place searching
for pasture lands
a.k.a. “barbarians”; points to long-held belief that there is a distinction
between “civilized” and “savage”/inferior peoples
A way of life built up by a group and passed on from generation to
generation.
Homo sapiens
Displaced “Homo erectus” during the later portion of the Paleolithic
period; most recent development within the human species
Neanderthals
Extinct species of human; identified in early ice-age Europe
Band
Agrarian
Revolution
Social organization of hunter-gather societies; associations of families
not exceeding 25-60 people
Moved the human species toward elaborate social and cultural
structures; provided food surpluses and supported permanent
settlements
Natufian
complex
N/A
matrilocal
Societal system; husband and wife live near or with the wife’s family
matrilineal
Tracing ancestral descent through the mother’s family
Pastoralism
Huanghe
(Yellow) River
Basin
20112012
The farming/raising of domesticated animals
Earliest Chinese civilizations developed here; Considerably isolated;
utilized carefully regulated irrigation; some trade with India and the
Middle east
Revised Summer 2011 AP World History Key Terms Chapter 1
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AP World History Key Terms Chapter 1
Jericho
Çatal Hüyük
Bronze Age
Domestication
Social
differentiation
Mesopotamia
Slash and burn
agriculture
Babylonians
Ideographs
Hammurabi
Harappa
Shang Dynasty
IndoEuropeans
Judaism
20112012
N/A
Neolithic village in southern Turkey; has produced substantial historic
anthropological data regarding the political, economic, and cultural
dynamics of the Neolithic period
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4000-1500 BCE; technological advancements in the use of bronze
metalwork; developed in the Middle East; metal tools and weapons
The practice of purposeful use of animals (pigs, sheep, cattle) to
support the agrarian lifestyle; served as the basis for nomadic herding
societies
The stratification of social classes
“land between two rivers”; credited as first civilization; civilization
which seemingly formed from “scratch” with no examples to imitate;
Sumerians were most responsible for the progress and
accomplishments
System of agriculture; involves cutting the forestation of an area,
burning it for the purposes of using the ashes as fertilizer for the
deforested area
1800-1600 BCE; One of the Amorite kingdoms in Mesopotamia;
developed an empire centralized at the city-state of Babylon;
Hammurabi; collapsed due to foreign invasion
Type of written communication; symbols are used to represent
concepts; typical of Chinese writing
Babylonian emperor; best known for his code of laws which
standardized a legal system
Large city along the Indus River; sophisticated grid-pattern used to
construct the city; houses had running water; Harappan writing has yet
to be deciphered
Along the Huanghe River valley; Noted for construction of massive
tombs and palaces; terra-cotta army
Large numbers invaded/migrated into the Indus River Valley
civilizations
Provided the clearly developed monotheistic religion; served as a key
basis for the development of both Christianity and Islam as major
world religions
monotheism
The belief in one God
Phoenicians
Developed the first “alphabet” with 22 characters
Revised Summer 2011 AP World History Key Terms Chapter 1