Download Using Behavioral Techniques in the Classroom

Shaping & Chaining
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Shaping: the terminal behavior is achieved by reinforcing small steps or
approximations.
 Requires reinforcing behaviors already in the repertoire of the individual
that resemble the target behavior.
 Successive approximations: responses that are increasingly similar to
the final goal are reinforced, and they increase; Those responses
dissimilar to the final goal are not reinforced, and they extinguish.
Chaining: a sequence of responses. Each response proceeds in a relatively
fixed order until the chain is completed and the last response proceeds in a
relatively fixed order until the chain is completed and the last response is
reinforced. Sometimes only the final behavior is reinforced.
 Ex. Going to a restaurant, dieting, learning to play a musical instrument.
 Forward
forward.
 Total task presentation.
Shaping &. chaining: both use discriminate stimuli & reinforcers to teach
new behaviors.